scholarly journals Isoquinolone Syntheses by Annulation Protocols

Catalysts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 620
Author(s):  
Ruimao Hua
Keyword(s):  
Intramolecular Cyclization ◽  
Heterocyclic Compounds ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Synthetic Methods ◽  
Catalyst Systems ◽  
Nitrogen Heterocyclic

Isoquinolones (isoquinolin-1(2H)-ones) are one of the important nitrogen-heterocyclic compounds having versatile biological and physiological activities, and their synthetic methods have been recently developed greatly. This short review illustrates the significant advances in the construction of isoquinolone ring with atom- and step-economy, focusing on the intermolecular annulation protocols and intramolecular cyclization in the presence of a variety of catalyst systems. The syntheses of isoquinolone-fused rings are also included.

scholarly journals Opportunities and challenges for direct C–H functionalization of piperazines

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 702-715 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhishi Ye ◽  
Kristen E Gettys ◽  
Mingji Dai
Keyword(s):  
Transition Metal ◽  
Small Molecule ◽  
Heterocyclic Compounds ◽  
Structural Diversity ◽  
Synthetic Methods ◽  
Photoredox Catalysis ◽  
Transition Metal Catalyzed ◽  
Metal Catalyzed ◽  
Nitrogen Heterocyclic

Piperazine ranks within the top three most utilized N-heterocyclic moieties in FDA-approved small-molecule pharmaceuticals. Herein we summarize the current synthetic methods available to perform C–H functionalization on piperazines in order to lend structural diversity to this privileged drug scaffold. Multiple approaches such as those involving α-lithiation trapping, transition-metal-catalyzed α-C–H functionalizations, and photoredox catalysis are discussed. We also highlight the difficulties experienced when successful methods for α-C–H functionalization of acyclic amines and saturated mono-nitrogen heterocyclic compounds (such as piperidines and pyrrolidines) were applied to piperazine substrates.

Research on nitrogen heterocyclic compounds. XV. Synthesis of 1H,4H-pyrazolo[4,3f]pyrrolo[1,2-a][1,4]diazepine derivatives

1984 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 1877-1880 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvio Massa ◽  
Giorgio Stefancich ◽  
Marino Artico ◽  
Federico Corelli
Keyword(s):  
Heterocyclic Compounds ◽  
Nitrogen Heterocyclic

Thermodynamic Analysis of Strain in the Five-Membered Oxygen and Nitrogen Heterocyclic Compounds

2011 ◽  
Vol 115 (10) ◽  
pp. 1992-2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergey P. Verevkin ◽  
Vladimir N. Emel’yanenko ◽  
Andrey A. Pimerzin ◽  
Elena E. Vishnevskaya
Keyword(s):  
Thermodynamic Analysis ◽  
Heterocyclic Compounds ◽  
Nitrogen Heterocyclic

scholarly journals Internal donors on supported Ziegler Natta catalysts for isotactic polypropylene: a brief tutorial review

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bharat R. Paghadar ◽  
J. B. Sainani ◽  
Samith K. M. ◽  
Poornima Bhagavath
Keyword(s):  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Detailed Comparison ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Polymer Science ◽  
Cross Combination ◽  
Polymer Properties ◽  
Technical Advances ◽  
Catalyst Systems ◽  
New Applications

AbstractThe scientific and technical advances in the field of polymer science has been abundant in recent years. Amongst the various polymeric materials available in market, synthesis of polyolefins has been in the forefront since decades. A major challenge in this domain remains in attaining stereoregular polyolefins especially polypropylene (PP) and significant efforts were carried out by synthesizing various internal donors (ID) aiding the catalysts involved in producing them. This short review gives an overview of i) various generations of Ziegler–Natta (ZN) catalyst systems ii) general classes of ID that has been demonstrated by the researchers over the past decades iii) their influence on PP isotacticity and polymer properties. The coordination modes of different donor classes on supported ZN system and comparative study especially between phthalate and diether ID classes were also addressed here. This review also presents the studies carried out on phthalate catalyst structure analysis, detailed comparison study on phthalate and diether IDs in terms of PP isotacticity, regioselectivity, hydrogen response, and also their cross combination study and competitive behavior. Further a brief description on other structurally varied IDs like malonates, maleates, silyl diol esters, bifunctional donors, multi ether donors demonstrated for isotactic PP were also presented. Studies conducted on compatibility of incorporation of two different classes of IDs on a single supported ZN system for the fundamental understanding of the catalyst behavior; and also on how mixed donor approach enables in tuning the catalyst for polymer properties were also presented. This review also provides an opportunity to the young minds and the basic researchers from academic point of view by and large to create new polymeric materials with useful properties or modify the existing materials for new applications by incorporating new IDs for further improvisation of the stereo regularity in obtaining the polymers. Graphic Abstract

Measurement and ANN prediction of pH-dependent solubility of nitrogen-heterocyclic compounds

Chemosphere ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 134 ◽  
pp. 402-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feifei Sun ◽  
Qingni Yu ◽  
Jingke Zhu ◽  
Lecheng Lei ◽  
Zhongjian Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heterocyclic Compounds ◽  
Ph Dependent ◽  
Nitrogen Heterocyclic

Synthesis of Oxazoline and Oxazole Derivatives by Hypervalent-Iodine-Mediated Oxidative Cycloaddition Reactions

Synthesis ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (16) ◽  
pp. 2299-2310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akira Yoshimura ◽  
Akio Saito ◽  
Viktor V. Zhdankin ◽  
Mekhman S. Yusubov
Keyword(s):  
Heterocyclic Compounds ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Active Species ◽  
Hypervalent Iodine ◽  
Cycloaddition Reactions ◽  
Iodine Species ◽  
Oxazole Derivatives

Organohypervalent iodine reagents are widely used for the preparation of various oxazolines, oxazoles, isoxazolines, and isoxazoles. In the formation of these heterocyclic compounds, hypervalent iodine species can serve as the activating reagents for various substrates, as well as the heteroatom donor reagents. In recent research, both chemical and electrochemical approaches toward generation of hypervalent iodine species have been utilized. The in situ generated active species can react with appropriate substrates to give the corresponding heterocyclic products. In this short review, we summarize the hypervalent-iodine­-mediated preparation of oxazolines, oxazoles, isoxazolines, and isoxazoles starting from various substrates.1 Introduction2 Synthesis of Oxazolines3 Synthesis of Oxazoles4 Synthesis of Isoxazolines5 Synthesis of Isoxazoles6 Conclusion

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