scholarly journals Low- and High-Attenuation Lung Volume in Quantitative Chest CT in Children without Lung Disease

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 1172
Author(s):  
Dimitrios Moutafidis ◽  
Maria Gavra ◽  
Sotirios Golfinopoulos ◽  
Antonios Kattamis ◽  
George Chrousos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Chest Ct ◽  
Air Trapping ◽  
Attenuation Coefficients ◽  
High Attenuation ◽  
Inverse Functions ◽  
Pediatric Lung Disease ◽  
Parenchymal Lung Disease ◽  
Parenchymal Lung

In contrast to studies of adults with emphysema, application of fixed thresholds to determine low- and high-attenuation areas (air-trapping and parenchymal lung disease) in pediatric quantitative chest CT is problematic. We aimed to assess age effects on: (i) mean lung attenuation (full inspiration); and (ii) low and high attenuation thresholds (LAT and HAT) defined as mean attenuation and 1 SD below and above mean, respectively. Chest CTs from children aged 6–17 years without abnormalities were retrieved, and histograms of attenuation coefficients were analyzed. Eighty examinations were included. Inverse functions described relationships between age and mean lung attenuation, LAT or HAT (p < 0.0001). Predicted value for LAT decreased from −846 HU in 6-year-old to −950 HU in 13- to 17-year-old subjects (cut-off value for assessing emphysema in adults). %TLCCT with low attenuation correlated with age (rs = −0.31; p = 0.005) and was <5% for 9–17-year-old subjects. Inverse associations were demonstrated between: (i) %TLCCT with high attenuation and age (r2 = 0.49; p < 0.0001); (ii) %TLCCT with low attenuation and TLCCT (r2 = 0.47; p < 0.0001); (iii) %TLCCT with high attenuation and TLCCT (r2 = 0.76; p < 0.0001). In conclusion, quantitative analysis of chest CTs from children without lung disease can be used to define age-specific LAT and HAT for evaluation of pediatric lung disease severity.

scholarly journals December 2021 Pulmonary Case of the Month: Interstitial Lung Disease with Red Knuckles

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 144-148
Author(s):  
Lewis Wesselius ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Disease ◽  
Lung Biopsy ◽  
Chest Ct ◽  
Shortness Of Breath ◽  
Prednisone Dose ◽  
Recent Onset ◽  
Diffuse Parenchymal Lung Disease ◽  
History Of ◽  
Parenchymal Lung Disease ◽  
Parenchymal Lung

No abstract available. Article truncated after 150 words. History of Present Illness A 56-year-old man was referred for a second opinion on recent onset of diffuse parenchymal lung disease. He had started noting mild dyspnea with yard work approximately in March 2021. His symptoms progressed over the next month with increasing shortness of breath and some fever. He presented to outside emergency department on April 17, 2021 and chest CT showing patchy ground-glass opacities with some areas of irregular consolidation (Figure 1). He was subsequently seen by an outside pulmonologist and started empirically on prednisone (50 mg/day). An outside lung biopsy had been performed which showed nonspecific interstitial pneumonitis. There was some improvement in his symptoms and his prednisone dose was reduced to 20 mg/day; however, his symptoms subsequently worsened with saturations noted to drop to 85% with any ambulation. He also had swelling of his left face and a biopsy of the parotid gland with the findings …

ProSP-B as a potential biomarker in diffuse parenchymal lung disease (DPLD)

Pneumologie ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 66 (06) ◽  
Author(s):  
N Kahn ◽  
A Rossler ◽  
K Hornemann ◽  
T Muley ◽  
A Warth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Disease ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
Diffuse Parenchymal Lung Disease ◽  
Parenchymal Lung Disease ◽  
Parenchymal Lung

scholarly journals Categorizing diffuse parenchymal lung disease in children

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias Griese ◽  
Armin Irnstetter ◽  
Meike Hengst ◽  
Helen Burmester ◽  
Felicitas Nagel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Disease ◽  
Diffuse Parenchymal Lung Disease ◽  
Parenchymal Lung Disease ◽  
Parenchymal Lung

scholarly journals Genetic testing in diffuse parenchymal lung disease

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Spagnolo ◽  
Fabrizio Luppi ◽  
Stefania Cerri ◽  
Luca Richeldi
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Testing ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Diffuse Parenchymal Lung Disease ◽  
Parenchymal Lung Disease ◽  
Parenchymal Lung

scholarly journals Update in Diffuse Parenchymal Lung Disease 2011

2012 ◽  
Vol 186 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tracy R. Luckhardt ◽  
Joachim Müller-Quernheim ◽  
Victor J. Thannickal
Keyword(s):  
Lung Disease ◽  
Diffuse Parenchymal Lung Disease ◽  
Parenchymal Lung Disease ◽  
Parenchymal Lung

Imaging of Lung Disease, Part i: Focal and Diffuse Parenchymal Lung Diseases

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald W. Staton Jr ◽  
Eugene A Berkowitz ◽  
Adam Bernheim
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Clinical Information ◽  
Diffuse Lung Disease ◽  
Lipoid Pneumonia ◽  
Diffuse Parenchymal Lung Diseases ◽  
Parenchymal Disease ◽  
Parenchymal Lung Disease ◽  
Diffuse Lung ◽  
Parenchymal Lung

Parenchymal lung disease often presents on imaging with particular patterns that allow for recognition of certain clinical entities that may form the basis for an imaging differential diagnosis. Focal pulmonary opacities and multi-focal pulmonary opacities may be due to an infectious or neoplastic etiology, amongst other possibilities. Segmental/lobar opacities are also associated with a set of differential diagnoses. Diffuse parenchymal disease, while also associated with some infections and neoplasms, can additionally be seen in the setting of pneumoconioses and several idiopathic interstitial pneumonias. Combining clinical information including laboratory results with the imaging findings on chest radiography and computed tomography (CT) allows the physician to formulate an appropriate differential diagnosis or reach one specific diagnosis. This review contains 16 figures, 4 tables and 32 references Keywords: Pulmonary Opacity, Pulmonary Infection, Eosinophilic Pneumonia, Lipoid Pneumonia, Pulmonary Tuberculosis, Organizing Pneumonia, Lung Cancer, Diffuse Lung Disease, Pneumoconiosis, Idiopathic Interstitial Pneumonia

scholarly journals Analysis of pulmonary features and treatment approaches in the COPA syndrome

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 00017-2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica L. Tsui ◽  
Oscar A. Estrada ◽  
Zimu Deng ◽  
Kristin M. Wang ◽  
Christopher S. Law ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Alveolar Haemorrhage ◽  
Diffuse Alveolar Haemorrhage ◽  
Diffuse Parenchymal Lung Disease ◽  
History Of Disease ◽  
History Of ◽  
Parenchymal Lung Disease ◽  
Copa Syndrome ◽  
Parenchymal Lung

The COPA syndrome is a monogenic, autoimmune lung and joint disorder first identified in 2015. This study sought to define the main pulmonary features of the COPA syndrome in an international cohort of patients, analyse patient responses to treatment and highlight when genetic testing should be considered.We established a cohort of subjects (N=14) with COPA syndrome seen at multiple centres including the University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA. All subjects had one of the previously established mutations in the COPA gene, and had clinically apparent lung disease and arthritis. We analysed cohort characteristics using descriptive statistics.All subjects manifested symptoms before the age of 12 years, had a family history of disease, and developed diffuse parenchymal lung disease and arthritis. 50% had diffuse alveolar haemorrhage. The most common pulmonary findings included cysts on chest computed tomography and evidence of follicular bronchiolitis on lung biopsy. All subjects were positive for anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody, anti-nuclear antibody or both and 71% of subjects had rheumatoid factor positivity. All subjects received immunosuppressive therapy.COPA syndrome is an autoimmune disorder defined by diffuse parenchymal lung disease and arthritis. We analysed an international cohort of subjects with genetically confirmed COPA syndrome and found that common pulmonary features included cysts, follicular bronchiolitis and diffuse alveolar haemorrhage. Common extrapulmonary features included early age of onset, family history of disease, autoantibody positivity and arthritis. Longitudinal data demonstrated improvement on chest radiology but an overall decline in pulmonary function despite chronic treatment.

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