Imaging of Lung Disease, Part i: Focal and Diffuse Parenchymal Lung Diseases

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald W. Staton Jr ◽  
Eugene A Berkowitz ◽  
Adam Bernheim

Parenchymal lung disease often presents on imaging with particular patterns that allow for recognition of certain clinical entities that may form the basis for an imaging differential diagnosis. Focal pulmonary opacities and multi-focal pulmonary opacities may be due to an infectious or neoplastic etiology, amongst other possibilities. Segmental/lobar opacities are also associated with a set of differential diagnoses. Diffuse parenchymal disease, while also associated with some infections and neoplasms, can additionally be seen in the setting of pneumoconioses and several idiopathic interstitial pneumonias. Combining clinical information including laboratory results with the imaging findings on chest radiography and computed tomography (CT) allows the physician to formulate an appropriate differential diagnosis or reach one specific diagnosis. This review contains 16 figures, 4 tables and 32 references Keywords: Pulmonary Opacity, Pulmonary Infection, Eosinophilic Pneumonia, Lipoid Pneumonia, Pulmonary Tuberculosis, Organizing Pneumonia, Lung Cancer, Diffuse Lung Disease, Pneumoconiosis, Idiopathic Interstitial Pneumonia

Author(s):  
Timothy R. Aksamit

Diffuse lung disease includes a wide range of parenchymal lung diseases that have infectious, inflammatory, malignant, drug, occupational or environmental, and other causes. Although many identifiable causes are recognized, the cause of most cases of diffuse lung disease in many published series is idiopathic. The clinical course may be acute or prolonged and may progress rapidly to life-threatening respiratory failure with death, or it may be indolent over many years. In most instances, a differential diagnosis can readily be formulated by obtaining the medical history, with emphasis on the nature of the symptoms, duration, and pertinent environmental, occupational, drug, and travel exposures.


1975 ◽  
Vol 84 (5) ◽  
pp. 596-601 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lee R. Joyner ◽  
David J. Scheinhorn

Transbronchial forceps biopsy (TBB) of the lung through the fiberoptic bronchoscope was performed in 74 patients. A histological diagnosis compatible with the clinical course, and roentgenographic appearance was obtained in 47 (64%) patients. There were six cases with inadequate tissue and ten cases where TBB was both nondiagnostic and of no other benefit in the subsequent management of the patient. This procedure was of particular value in evaluation of acutely ill patients with diffuse parenchymal disease. TBB either gave a specific diagnosis or correctly influenced patient management in 14 (89%) of 16 acutely ill patients with diffuse parenchymal disease. There was no uncontrollable hemorrhage; in one patient (15%) pneumothorax occurred. The safety and diagnostic value of this technique in the diagnosis of diffuse lung disease is proven.


2004 ◽  
Vol 183 (2) ◽  
pp. 297-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aya Fukushima ◽  
Kazuto Ashizawa ◽  
Tetsuji Yamaguchi ◽  
Naohiro Matsuyama ◽  
Hideyuki Hayashi ◽  
...  

Pneumologie ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 66 (06) ◽  
Author(s):  
N Kahn ◽  
A Rossler ◽  
K Hornemann ◽  
T Muley ◽  
A Warth ◽  
...  

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