scholarly journals Optimal Placement of Pressure Gauges for Water Distribution Networks Using Entropy Theory Based on Pressure Dependent Hydraulic Simulation

Entropy ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Do Yoo ◽  
Dong Chang ◽  
Yang Song ◽  
Jung Lee
Keyword(s):  
Water Distribution ◽  
Pressure Gauge ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Entropy Method ◽  
Water Distribution Networks ◽  
Optimal Placement ◽  
Hydraulic Simulation ◽  
Priority Order ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Pressure Driven

This study proposed a pressure driven entropy method (PDEM) that determines a priority order of pressure gauge locations, which enables the impact of abnormal condition (e.g., pipe failures) to be quantitatively identified in water distribution networks (WDNs). The method developed utilizes the entropy method from information theory and pressure driven analysis (PDA), which is the latest hydraulic analysis method. The conventional hydraulic approach has problems in determining the locations of pressure gauges, attributable to unrealistic results under abnormal conditions (e.g., negative pressure). The proposed method was applied to two benchmark pipe networks and one real pipe network. The priority order for optimal locations was produced, and the result was compared to existing approach. The results of the conventional method show that the pressure reduction difference of each node became so excessive, which resulted in a distorted distribution. However, with the method developed, which considers the connectivity of a system and the influence among nodes based on PDA and entropy method results, pressure gauges can be more realistically and reasonably located.

scholarly journals Leakage Calibration in Water Distribution Networks with Pressure-Driven Analysis: A Real Case Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Joaquim Sousa ◽  
Nuno Martinho ◽  
João Muranho ◽  
Alfeu Sá Marques
Keyword(s):  
Water Distribution ◽  
Simulated Annealing Algorithm ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Water Distribution Networks ◽  
Real Case ◽  
Calibration Process ◽  
Pressure Step ◽  
Water Companies ◽  
Pressure Driven

Leakage in water distribution networks (WDN) is still a major concern for water companies. In recent years, the scientific community has dedicated some effort to the leakage calibration issue to obtain accurate models. But leakage modelling implies the use of a pressure-driven approach as well as specific data to define the pressure/leakage relationship. This paper presents the calibration process of a real case study WDN model. The process started with pressure step tests, the model was built in WaterNetGen and the leakage calibration process was performed by a simulated annealing algorithm. As illustrated, after calibration the model was able to produce accurate results.

scholarly journals Pipe replacement by age only, how misleading could it be?

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 846-854 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Pardo ◽  
J. Valdes-Abellan
Keyword(s):  
Water Distribution ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Water Distribution Networks ◽  
Water Utility ◽  
Efficient Management ◽  
Utility Companies ◽  
Pipe Replacement ◽  
Energy Audits ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Traditional methods for prioritizing the renewal of water are based on heuristic models, such as the number of breaks per length, rule-of-thumb, and records held by the water utility companies. Efficient management of water distribution networks involves factoring in water and energy losses as the key criteria for planning pipe renewal. Prioritizing the replacement of a pipe according to the highest value of unit headloss due to ageing does not consider the impact on water and energy consumption for the whole network. Thus, this paper proposes a methodology to prioritize pipe replacement according to water and energy savings per monetary unit invested – economic prioritization. This renewal plan shows different results if comparing with replacing pipelines with regard to age and it requires calculating water and energy audits of the water distribution networks. Moreover, the required time to recover the investment performed needs to be calculated. The methodology proposed in this work is compared with the unit headloss criterion used in a real water-pressurized network. The results demonstrate that using the unit headloss criterion neither water, energy nor the investment is optimized. Significant water and energy savings are not fully exploited.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Segment Graph of Water Distribution Networks

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 295-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamás Huzsvár ◽  
Richárd Wéber ◽  
Csaba János Hős
Keyword(s):  
Distribution System ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Water Distribution Networks ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Complex Network Theory ◽  
Graph Properties ◽  
Quantitative Topology ◽  
The Impact

One of the basic infrastructures of every settlement is the water distribution system, which provides clean and potable water for both private houses, industrial consumers and institution establishments. The operational robustness and vulnerabilities of these networks is an essential issue, both for the quality of life and for the preservation of the environment. Even with frequent and careful maintenance, unintentional pipe bursts might occur, and during the reparation time, the damaged section must be isolated hydraulically from the main body of the water distribution network. Due to the size and complexity of these networks, it might not be trivial how to isolate the burst section, especially if one wishes to minimize the impact on the overall system. This paper presents an algorithmic method that is capable of creating isolation plans for real-life networks in a computationally efficient way, based on the graph properties of the network. Besides this segmentation plan, the topological behavior of the structural graph properties was analyzed with the help of the complex network theory to create a method for the quantitative topology based categorization of the water distribution networks.

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