scholarly journals A Comprehensive Loss Model and Comparison of AC and DC Boost Converters

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 3131
Author(s):  
Daniel L. Gerber ◽  
Fariborz Musavi ◽  
Omkar A. Ghatpande ◽  
Stephen M. Frank ◽  
Jason Poon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Distribution ◽  
Operating Voltage ◽  
Comprehensive Model ◽  
Loss Model ◽  
Boost Converters ◽  
Dc Microgrids ◽  
Dc Power ◽  
Input And Output ◽  
Loss Models ◽  
Efficiency Comparison

DC microgrids have become a prevalent topic in research in part due to the expected superior efficiency of DC/DC converters compared to their AC/DC counterparts. Although numerous side-by-side analyses have quantified the efficiency benefits of DC power distribution, these studies all modeled converter loss based on product data that varied in component quality and operating voltage. To establish a fair efficiency comparison, this work derives a formulaic loss model of a DC/DC and an AC/DC PFC boost converter. These converters are modeled with identical components and an equivalent input and output voltage. Simulated designs with real components show AC/DC boost converters between 100 W to 500 W having up to 2.5 times more loss than DC/DC boost converters. Although boost converters represent a fraction of electronics in buildings, these loss models can eventually work toward establishing a comprehensive model-based full-building analysis.

scholarly journals Endpoint Use Efficiency Comparison for AC and DC Power Distribution in Commercial Buildings

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (18) ◽  
pp. 5863
Author(s):  
Arthur Santos ◽  
Gerald Duggan ◽  
Stephen Frank ◽  
Daniel Gerber ◽  
Daniel Zimmerle
Keyword(s):  
Power Distribution ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Data Sheet ◽  
Or Efficiency ◽  
Dc Power ◽  
Ac Power ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Efficiency Comparison ◽  
Electric Loads

Advances in power electronics and their use in Miscellaneous Electric Loads (MELs) in buildings have resulted in increased interest in using low-voltage direct current (DC) power distribution as a replacement for the standard alternating current (AC) power distribution in buildings. Both systems require an endpoint converter to convert the distribution system voltage to the MELs voltage requirements. This study focused on the efficiency of these endpoint converters by testing pairs of AC/DC and DC/DC power converters powering the same load profile. In contrast to prior studies, which estimated losses based on data sheet efficiency and rated loads, in this study, we used part load data derived from real-world time-series load measurements of MELs and experimentally characterized efficiency curves for all converters. The measurements performed for this study showed no systematic efficiency advantage for commercially available DC/DC endpoint converters relative to comparable, commercially available AC/DC endpoint converters. For the eight appliances analyzed with the pair of converters tested, in 50%, the weighted energy efficiency of the DC/DC converter was higher, while, for the other 50%, the AC/DC converter was. Additionally, the measurements indicated that the common assumption of using either data sheet efficiency values or efficiency at full load may result in substantial mis-estimates of the system efficiency.

scholarly journals Research on the Optimal Operation Method of DC Microgrid Base on the New DC Power Distribution Management System

Electronics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Qingwen Peng ◽  
Zhichang Yuan ◽  
Bin Ouyang ◽  
Peiqian Guo ◽  
Lu Qu
Keyword(s):  
Power Distribution ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Management System ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Dc Microgrid ◽  
Distribution Management ◽  
Power Distribution System ◽  
Dc Microgrids ◽  
Dc Power ◽  
Distribution Management System

The grid-connected operation of the distributed generation (DG) via the direct current (DC) microgrid is the operation mode of the DC power distribution system in the future. Considering the grid-connected operation of multiple DC microgrids, we have proposed a new type of DC power distribution management system aiming at the lowest operating cost of the entire DC power distribution system. Our proposed DC power distribution management system can be used to carry out the optimized dispatching for the connected DC microgrids, thereby achieving the economic, safe, and stable operation of DC power distribution management systems. At the same time, through the different nodes where the modular multilevel converter (MMC) is connected to the alternating current (AC) distribution network, a DC power distribution management system can control the active and reactive power generated by the MMC, achieving the control of the load flow of the upper-stage AC grids in real time. The example simulation shows that the method proposed in this paper has a great role in reducing the transmission losses of the power distribution network, achieving electric power peak-load shifting, and utilizing renewable energy. Thus, it can not only maximize the use of distributed renewable resources, but also enable mutual support and optimal scheduling between a DC power distribution system and multiple microgrids.

scholarly journals A simulation-based efficiency comparison of AC and DC power distribution networks in commercial buildings

2018 ◽  
Vol 210 ◽  
pp. 1167-1187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel L. Gerber ◽  
Vagelis Vossos ◽  
Wei Feng ◽  
Chris Marnay ◽  
Bruce Nordman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Distribution ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Commercial Buildings ◽  
Power Distribution Networks ◽  
Dc Power ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
Efficiency Comparison

Malfunction Issue of SiC-SIT Based DC Circuit Breaker in 400V DC Power Distribution Systems for Data Centers

2012 ◽  
Vol E95.B (6) ◽  
pp. 1990-1996
Author(s):  
Seiya ABE ◽  
Sihun YANG ◽  
Masahito SHOYAMA ◽  
Tamotsu NINOMIYA ◽  
Akira MATSUMOTO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Distribution ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Data Centers ◽  
Circuit Breaker ◽  
Power Distribution Systems ◽  
Dc Power ◽  
Dc Circuit Breaker

Numerical Investigation of a Partially Loaded Supersonic ORC Turbine Stage

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl Ziaja ◽  
Pascal Post ◽  
Marwick Sembritzky ◽  
Andreas Schramm ◽  
Ole Willers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Waste Heat ◽  
Organic Rankine Cycle ◽  
Rankine Cycle ◽  
Water Mixture ◽  
Loss Model ◽  
Sector Model ◽  
Exhaust Heat ◽  
Partial Admission ◽  
Loss Models ◽  
Lower Temperature

Abstract The Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) represents an emerging technology aimed at exploiting lower temperature heat sources, like waste heat in industrial processes or exhaust heat in combustion engines. One key aspect of this technology is an efficient and economical operation at part load, typically realized by a partial admission control, which is challenging to predict numerically. Full annulus computation can only be avoided applying empirical partial admission loss models to conventional full-admission computations. This article aims at assessing the reliability of such a loss model under real-gas and supersonic conditions as a first step towards knowledge-based improved loss models. Three different operating points of an 18.3 kW ORC turbine working with an ethanol-water mixture with two open stator passages (2 × 36°) are considered. Full annulus CFD computations are compared to experimental data and results of simulations in a conventional, full admission, periodic 72°-sector model with application of a 1D partial admission loss model. The experimentally obtained mass flow rate and efficiency are matched overall within their measurements accuracy. By highest inlet total pressure, the computed efficiency deviates about 4 % from the experiments. Predictions of efficiency based on the full admission and loss model correction deviate from full annulus computations less than 1 %. These findings suggest that the used empirical correlations for partial admission losses can provide acceptable results in the configuration under investigation.

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