scholarly journals Degradation-Conscious Equivalent Consumption Minimization Strategy for a Fuel Cell Hybrid System

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (13) ◽  
pp. 3810
Author(s):  
Laeun Kwon ◽  
Dae-Seung Cho ◽  
Changsun Ahn
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Energy Management ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Cell System ◽  
Energy Management Strategy ◽  
Powertrain System ◽  
Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles ◽  
Equivalent Consumption Minimization Strategy

The design of an energy management strategy is critical to improving the fuel efficiency of a vehicle system with an alternative powertrain system, such as hybrid electric vehicles or fuel cell electric vehicles. In particular, in fuel cell electric vehicles, the energy management strategy should consider system degradation and fuel savings because the hardware cost of the fuel cell system is much higher than that of a conventional powertrain system. In this paper, an easily implantable near-optimal energy management controller is proposed. The proposed controller distributes power generation between the fuel cell and the battery to simultaneously minimize system degradation and fuel usage. The controller is designed to consider the degradation cost and fuel cost in the framework of the equivalent consumption minimization strategy concept. The proposed controller was validated with a fuel cell electric vehicle model in MATLAB/Simulink (MathWorks, Natick, USA). The proposed control strategy showed significant overall cost reduction compared to a thermostat control strategy and a conventional Equivalent Consumption Minimization Strategy (ECMS) strategy.

scholarly journals Energy Management Strategy Using Equivalent Consumption Minimization Strategy for Hybrid Electric Vehicles

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Fazhan Tao ◽  
Longlong Zhu ◽  
Baofeng Ji ◽  
Pengju Si ◽  
Zhumu Fu
Keyword(s):  
Wavelet Transform ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Energy Management ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Dynamic Performance ◽  
Energy Management Strategy ◽  
Equivalent Consumption Minimization Strategy ◽  
Frequency Power

In this paper, an energy management strategy for electric vehicles equipped with fuel cell (FC), battery (BAT), and supercapacitor (SC) is considered, aiming at improving the whole performance under a framework of vehicle to network application. In detail, based on wavelet transform and equivalent consumption minimization strategy (ECMS), the demand power of vehicles is optimized to enhance the lifespan of fuel cell, fuel economy, and dynamic performance of electric vehicles. The wavelet transform is used to separate the high-frequency power in order to provide a peak power and recycle the braking energy. The equivalent consumption minimization strategy is used to distribute the low-frequency power to fuel cell and battery for minimizing the hydrogen consumption. Obtained results are studied using an advanced vehicle simulator, and its effectiveness of the strategy is confirmed, which provides a fundamental control method for the IOV application.

Adaptive Equivalent Factors of Multi-Objective Energy Management for Fuel Cell Hybrid Electric Vehicles

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Ma ◽  
Jian Chen ◽  
Junmin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Energy Management ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Hybrid Electric Vehicles ◽  
Cell System ◽  
Fuel Cell System ◽  
Energy Management Strategy ◽  
Multi Objective ◽  
Equivalent Factor

Abstract In this paper, a multi-objective energy management strategy with an adaptive equivalent factor is proposed to improve the fuel economy, system durability, and charge-sustenance performance of fuel cell hybrid electric vehicles. Firstly, the total hydrogen consumption and degradation cost of power sources can be calculated by flexible empirical models. Then, the multi-objective optimization problem can be transformed into an objective function, which can be solved by quadratic programming to improve the real-time performance. Furthermore, an adaptive Unscented Kalman filter is designed to estimate the aging state of the fuel cell system. The equivalent factor in the objective function can be adaptively updated by the estimated aging state, which can balance the conflict between the fuel economy and the system durability while keeping the state-of-charge in an ideal range. Finally, simulation results show that when the fuel cell system is obviously damaged during the operation, the proposed energy management strategy still can minimize the total cost and maintain the charge-sustenance performance under different driving cycles compared with other methods.

Optimal energy management of a fuel cell-battery-supercapacitor-powered hybrid tramway using a multi-objective approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 234 (5) ◽  
pp. 511-523 ◽  
Author(s):  
Han Zhang ◽  
Jibin Yang ◽  
Jiye Zhang ◽  
Pengyun Song ◽  
Ming Li
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Energy Management ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Cell System ◽  
Energy Management Strategy ◽  
Multi Objective ◽  
Optimal Energy ◽  
Optimal Energy Management ◽  
Fuel Costs

Achieving an optimal operating cost is a challenge for the development of hybrid tramways. In the past few years, in addition to fuel costs, the lifespan of the power source is being increasingly considered as an important factor that influences the operating cost of a tramway. In this work, an optimal energy management strategy based on a multi-mode strategy and optimisation algorithm is described for a high-power fuel cell hybrid tramway. The objective of optimisation is to decrease the operating costs under the conditions of guaranteeing tramway performance. Besides the fuel costs, the replacement cost and initial investment of all power units are also considered in the cost model, which is expressed in economic terms. Using two optimisation algorithms, a multi-population genetic algorithm and an artificial fish swarm algorithm, the hybrid system's power targets for the energy management strategy were acquired using the multi-objective optimisation. The selected case study includes a low-floor light rail vehicle, and experimental validations were performed using a hardware-in-the-loop workbench. The results testify that an optimised energy management strategy can fulfil the operational requirements, reduce the daily operation costs and improve the efficiency of the fuel cell system for a hybrid tramway.

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