scholarly journals Genetic Consequences of Hybridization in Relict Isolated Trees Pinus sylvestris and the Pinus mugo Complex

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1086
Author(s):  
Karolina Sobierajska ◽  
Witold Wachowiak ◽  
Julia Zaborowska ◽  
Bartosz Łabiszak ◽  
Błażej Wójkiewicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Parental Species ◽  
Early Holocene ◽  
Pinus Mugo ◽  
Contact Zones ◽  
Isolated Trees ◽  
Relict Population ◽  
Fertile Hybrids ◽  
Mtdna Markers

Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and the taxa from the P. mugo complex can hybridize in the contact zones and produce fertile hybrids. A unique example of an early Holocene relict population of P. sylvestris and P. uliginosa (a taxon from the P. mugo complex) growing on the tops of Jurassic sandstone rocks is located in Błędne Skały (Sudetes). Phenotypically, there are trees resembling P. sylvestris, P. uliginosa and intermediate forms between them. We expected that some of P. sylvestris and/or P. uliginosa-like trees could be in fact cryptic hybrids resembling one of the parental phenotypes. To address this question, we examined randomly sampled individuals, using a set of plastid (cpDNA), nuclear (nDNA) and mitochondrial (mtDNA) markers as well as biometric characteristics of needles and cones. The results were compared to the same measurements of allopatric reference populations of the P. sylvestris and the P. mugo complex (Pinus mugo s.s, P. uncinata and P. uliginosa). We detected cpDNA barcodes of the P. mugo complex in most individuals with the P. sylvestris phenotype, while we did not detect cpDNA diagnostic of P. sylvestris within P. uliginosa-like trees. These results indicate the presence of cryptic hybrids of the P. sylvestris phenotype. We found only three typical P. sylvestris individuals that were clustered with the species reference populations based on needle and cone characteristics. Most trees showed intermediate characteristics between P. sylvestris and P. uliginosa-like trees, indicating intensive and probably long-lasting hybridization of the taxa at this area and subsequent gene erosion of parental species.

scholarly journals Biometrical study of some individuals chosen from Pinus mugo turra populations in the peat bog "Bór na Czerwonem"

2014 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alina Bączkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Parental Species ◽  
Growth Trait ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Peat Bog ◽  
Pinus Mugo ◽  
Hybrid Swarm ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
One Year ◽  
Biometrical Study

Sixteen individuals were sampled for study of variation in 17 anatomical and morphological characters. Only individuals of low polycormic growth (trait typical for <i>Pinus mugo</i> Turra) connected with incurved one-year-cone stipes (a similar situation exists in <i>Pinus sylvestris</i> L.) were chosen, thus the sample studied cannot be treated as a random one. It has been shown by multivariate statistical analysis that these 16 individuals are quite different from each other, Mahalanobis'generalized distances between them being nearly 50% significantly different from 0. The sample studied in this respect is distinctly different from pure stands of both putative parental species (i.e. <i>Pinus mugo</i> and <i>P. sylvestris</i>). Every plant studied shows a different combination of traits typical (or nearly typical) for both the above-mentioned species and traits that are truly intermediate between them. The results support the frequently expressed opinion that the mountain pine population from the peat bog "Bór na Czerwonem" is, in fact, a hybrid swarm formed by hybridization between <i>Pinus mugo</i> and <i>Pinus sylvestris</i>.

scholarly journals Short Note: Crossability Between Pinus uliginosa and its Putative Parental Species Pinus sylvestris and Pinus mugo

2006 ◽  
Vol 55 (1-6) ◽  
pp. 52-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Lewandowski ◽  
M. Wiśniewska
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationship ◽  
Parental Species ◽  
Short Note ◽  
Pinus Mugo ◽  
Artificial Pollination ◽  
Close Phylogenetic Relationship ◽  
Artificial Fertilization ◽  
Pinus Uliginosa

Abstract Results of artificial fertilization of P. uliginosa with P. sylvestris and P. mugo are presented and discussed. P. sylvestris and P. mugo are thought to be the parental species of P. uliginosa. Two grafts of one P. uliginosa clone from Arboretum of the Institute of Dendrology in Kórnik, Poland were used as mother individuals. One individual of P. sylvestris and one individual of P. mugo were the pollen donors. Three mature cones were obtained as the result of artificial pollination of P. uliginosa with P. mugo pollen. Out of 107 seeds, 68 were filled what gives 63%. P. uliginosa conelets pollinated with P. sylvestris pollen were all aborted. Based on obtained data, close phylogenetic relationship between P. uliginosa and P. mugo complex is suggested.

scholarly journals Reinforced evidence on partial compatibility between Pinus sylvestris and Pinus mugo and on maternal inheritance of chloroplast DNA in the Pinus mugo × Pinus sylvestris cross

2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-115
Author(s):  
Andrej Kormutak ◽  
Martin Galgoci ◽  
Peter Bolecek ◽  
Dusan Gőmőry ◽  
Jana Libantova
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Chloroplast Dna ◽  
Maternal Inheritance ◽  
Parental Species ◽  
Putative Hybrid ◽  
Pinus Mugo ◽  
Open Pollination ◽  
Reciprocal Crossing ◽  
Cpdna Inheritance ◽  
Filled Seeds

AbstractThe crossability relationship between Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and mountain dwarf pine (Pinus mugo Turra) was tested under field conditions using an artificial pollination approach. There was partial compatibility between the parental species, as evidenced by the amount of filled seeds in their reciprocal crossings and in control variants from self-pollination, controlled intraspecific outcrossing and open pollination of mother trees. The crossability degree in P. sylvestris × P. mugo was characterised by the index 0.15, and the reciprocal crossing by the index 0.18. Crossability of P. sylvestris and P. mugo with their putative hybrid individuals was much higher; the number of filled seeds was comparable with that of the control variants. The reciprocal crossings of P. sylvestris and P. mugo species were highlighted by the opposite inheritance of their chloroplast DNA (cpDNA). The paternal cpDNA inheritance in P. sylvestris × P. mugo and maternal cpDNA inheritance in P. mugo × P. sylvestris was repeatedly confirmed using the cpDNA trnV-trnH/HinfI marker as well as the newly developed partial cpDNA trnV-trnH/AseI marker. The nature of the latter is described in terms of the nucleotide sequence.

scholarly journals Are There Any Traces of Pinus uliginosa in the Stołowe Mountains Outside the Wielkie Torfowisko Batorowskie and Błędne Skały?

2021 ◽  
Vol 90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krystyna Boratyńska ◽  
Zbigniew Gołąb ◽  
Bartosz Łabiszak ◽  
Wioletta Niemczyk ◽  
Karolina Irena Sobierajska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Flow ◽  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Morphological Differentiation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Biometric Data ◽  
Mitochondrial Markers ◽  
Needle Morphology ◽  
Pinus Uliginosa ◽  
Fertile Hybrids

Abstract Pinus sylvestris (Scots pine) and taxa from the P. mugo (mountain pine) complex hybridize in contact zones producing morphologically-intermediate fertile hybrids. However, the hybrid specimens sometimes express only the P. sylvestris phenotype. Such cryptic hybrids were detected among P. sylvestris and P. uliginosa in the western part of Błędne Skały in the Stołowe Mountains, where the pines grow on the tops of sandstone rocks and phenotypically resemble P. sylvestris , P. uliginosa , and P. mugo . Hybrids with the P. sylvestris phenotype could be potentially present in other relic populations of this species in these mountains. During the present study, the hybrids were identified only in the area of Błędne Skały based on chloroplast and mitochondrial markers, morphological differentiation of various needle and cone traits, and phenotype assessments of the trees during sampling. These hybrids included three cryptic hybrids of P. sylvestris × P. mugo with the P. sylvestris phenotype and one displaying the phenotype of P. uliginosa . The other populations analyzed represented Scots pine with no evidence of hybridization with P. uliginosa and/or P. mugo . Biometric data on the cone and needle morphology also suggest possible hybridization within the P. mugo complex on Błędne Skały. The results indicate that hybridization takes place in this population but not in neighboring populations despite the possible connection by pollen-mediated gene flow.

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