scholarly journals The Link between Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Functionality among United States Military Service Members Psychiatrically Hospitalized Following a Suicide Crisis

Healthcare ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sissi Ribeiro ◽  
Jessica LaCroix ◽  
Fernanda De Oliveira ◽  
Laura Novak ◽  
Su Lee-Tauler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Social Adjustment ◽  
Functional Impairment ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Service Members ◽  
Psychiatric Diagnoses ◽  
Psychiatric Comorbidities

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is one of the most commonly diagnosed psychiatric disorders in the United States and has been linked to suicidal thoughts and behaviors, yet the role of a PTSD diagnosis on functional impairment among suicidal individuals remains unknown. This study examined the association between PTSD status and functional impairment among military psychiatric inpatients admitted for acute suicide risk (N = 166) with a lifetime history of at least one suicide attempt. Measures of functionality included: (1) alcohol use; (2) sleep quality; (3) social problem-solving; and (4) work and social adjustment. Thirty-eight percent of the sample met criteria for PTSD. Women were more likely than men to meet criteria for PTSD (p = 0.007), and participants who met PTSD criteria had significantly more psychiatric diagnoses (p < 0.001). Service members who met PTSD criteria reported more disturbed sleep (p = 0.003) and greater difficulties with work and social adjustment (p = 0.004) than those who did not meet PTSD criteria. However, functionality measures were not significantly associated with PTSD status after controlling for gender and psychiatric comorbidity. Gender and number of psychiatric comorbidities other than PTSD were significant predictors of PTSD in logistic regression models across four functionality measures. Future studies should assess the additive or mediating effect of psychiatric comorbidities in the association between impaired functioning and PTSD. Clinicians are encouraged to assess and address functionality during treatment with suicidal individuals, paying particular attention to individuals with multiple psychiatric diagnoses.

Relationship of Pain, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Depression, and Disability in Active-Duty Service Members

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer A. Webb-Murphy ◽  
Steven R. Hanling ◽  
Ivan K. Lesnik ◽  
Stephanie C. Raducha ◽  
Eric T. Stedje-Larsen
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Active Duty ◽  
Service Members ◽  
Relationship Of

scholarly journals Posttraumatic stress disorder among adolescents in Brazil: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joviana Quintes Avanci ◽  
Fernanda Serpeloni ◽  
Thiago Pires de Oliveira ◽  
Simone Gonçalves de Assis
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Community Violence ◽  
Functional Impairment ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Psychological Violence

Abstract Background The frequency of trauma and different types of violence exposure in urban areas and their effects on the mental health of adolescents in developing countries are poorly investigated. Most information about traumatized young people comes from war scenarios or disasters. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of PTSD in trauma-exposed students in a low-resource city of the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The effects of sociodemographic and individual and family factors in the development of PTSD were also investigated. Methods Through multi-stage cluster sampling, 862 adolescents (Mage = 15 years old, 65% female) from public and private schools in the city of São Gonçalo were selected for the study. Self-rating structured questionnaires were applied to assess sociodemographic profile, exposure to physical and psychological violence (family, school, community), sexual abuse, social support, social functional impairment, resilience, and posttraumatic stress disorder. The data were grouped in blocks regarding sociodemographic, individual, family, and community variables. For statistical analysis, chi-square, Fisher’s exact test, and logistic regression were performed. Results The PTSD prevalence was 7.8% among adolescents. Boys were exposed to significantly higher number of events of community violence, while girls to family violence. The adjusted odds ratio (OR) for PTSD were statistically significant for age (OR, 1.45, [95% CI, 1.043–2.007]), social functional impairment (OR, 4.82, [95% CI, 1.77–13.10]), severe maternal physical violence (OR, 2.79, [95% CI, 0.79–9.93]), psychological violence by significant people (OR, 3.96, [95% CI, 1.89–8.31]) and a high number of episodes of community violence (OR, 3.52, [95% CI, 1.47–8.40). Conclusions There was a high prevalence of PTSD within this population associated with exposure to violence. Not only physical, but also psychological violence contributed to PTSD. The results also raise awareness to the differences in life trajectories between boys and girls regarding violence. These differences need to be better understood in order to enable the development of effective preventative interventions. Treating and preventing mental health disorders presents a challenge for countries, especially those with a lower degree of social and economic development and high community violence.

scholarly journals Functional impairment in adults with past posttraumatic stress disorder: findings from primary care

2011 ◽  
Vol 28 (8) ◽  
pp. 686-695 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maren Westphal ◽  
Mark Olfson ◽  
Marc J. Gameroff ◽  
Priya Wickramaratne ◽  
Daniel J. Pilowsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Functional Impairment ◽  
Stress Disorder

Prevalence of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Psychological Comorbidities Among U.S. Active Duty Service Members, 2006–2013

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 837-844 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristen H. Walter ◽  
Jordan A. Levine ◽  
Robyn M. Highfill‐McRoy ◽  
Melissa Navarro ◽  
Cynthia J. Thomsen
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Active Duty ◽  
Service Members ◽  
Psychological Comorbidities

Risk Factors for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Australian Vietnam Veterans

1998 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian I. O'toole ◽  
Richard P. Marshall ◽  
Ralph J. Schureck ◽  
Matthew Dobson
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Life Stress ◽  
Vietnam Veterans ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Combat Stress ◽  
Psychiatric Diagnoses ◽  
Major Life ◽  
Relative Contribution

Objective: The aims of this paper are to determine the risk factors for combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and to examine the relative contribution of pre-military factors, pre-trauma psychiatric diagnoses, military factors such as combat posting, and combat and casualty stress exposure. Method: An epidemiological cohort study using standardised psychiatric, social and health interviews was undertaken with a national random sample of male Australian Army Vietnam veterans. Multivariate logistic regression was used to examine the relative contribution of factors derived from interview and from military records in four categories: pre-enlistment circumstances including home life, education, major life stress; pre-Vietnam psychiatric diagnoses; military experiences before and during Vietnam; and combat and stress experiences. Results: Of the 128 data items examined, significant associations were found for 39, in addition to combat stress. Pre-enlistment items accounted for about 3% of the deviance towards PTSD diagnosis, pre-enlistment psychiatric diagnosis about 13%, military variables about 7% and combat stress about 18%; all factors together accounted for 42%. Conclusions: The results confirm that pre-military and military variables make only a small but significant contribution to PTSD either alone or after controlling for combat stress; that psychiatric diagnoses of depression, dysthymia and agoraphobia make strong contributions to PTSD; but that combat stress makes the largest contribution even after controlling for the effects of other variables. Psychiatric diagnoses and combat stress appear to be independent in their effects on PTSD.

A review of research on smoking among United States Veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder (2006–2016)

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine J. Lee ◽  
Danielle M. Shpigel ◽  
Kate S. Segal ◽  
Hannah Esan ◽  
David R. Estey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder
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