scholarly journals Estrogen and Progesterone Receptor Immunoexpression in Fallopian Tubes among Postmenopausal Women Based on Time since the Last Menstrual Period

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (17) ◽  
pp. 9195
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Brodowska ◽  
Marta Grabowska ◽  
Katarzyna Bittel ◽  
Sylwester Ciećwież ◽  
Jacek Brodowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Progesterone Receptor ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Menstrual Period ◽  
Glandular Epithelium ◽  
Last Menstrual Period ◽  
Fallopian Tubes ◽  
Ciliated Cells ◽  
Existing Data ◽  
Estrogen And Progesterone Receptor

Existing data on the expression of estrogen receptor (ERα) and progesterone receptor (PR) in fallopian tubes in postmenopausal women are mostly inconclusive. Therefore, we assessed ERα and PR immunoexpression in the oviducts of these women. One hundred postmenopausal women were divided into three groups based on time elapsed since the last menstrual period: (A) 1–5 years, (B) 6–10 years, and (C) ≥11 years. In all groups, both in the glandular epithelium and stroma of the ampulla and isthmus of the oviduct, immunolocalization of ERα and PR were noted. The glandular epithelium of the ampulla showed a higher percentage of PR-positive cells than the isthmus in each group. Regarding ERα, there were no significant differences. In the glandular epithelium in both the ampulla and isthmus, the percentage of ERα- and PR-positive cells was significantly higher than that in the stroma in each study group and higher in the A group than in the C group. In conclusion, in postmenopausal women, time elapsed since the last menstrual period in the fallopian tubes was positively correlated with the following: (1) the epithelium showed vacuolation of cytoplasm with greater frequency, (2) the proportion of ciliated cells decreased, and (3) the percentage of ERα- and PR-positive cells also decreased. The obtained results indicate a significant decrease in ERα and PR expression depending on the time that has elapsed since the last menstruation, which is undoubtedly related to the loss of the reproductive function of the patients.

scholarly journals Fetal infection resulting from maternal rubella after the first trimester of pregnancy

1980 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 381-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. Cradock-Watson ◽  
Margaret K. S. Ridehalgh ◽  
Mary J. Anderson ◽  
J. R. Pattison ◽  
H. O. Kangro
Keyword(s):  
First Trimester ◽  
Menstrual Period ◽  
Last Menstrual Period ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
True Rate ◽  
Igm Antibody ◽  
Prenatal Infection ◽  
Fetal Infection ◽  
First Trimester Of Pregnancy ◽  
Specific Igg

SUMMARYWe have tried to measure the incidence of prenatal infection in 304 infants whose mothers had had rubella at various times after the first 12 weeks of pregnancy. Two methods of assessment were used: first, serum obtained soon after birth was tested for specific IgM antibody; secondly, serum obtained after the age of eight months was tested for specific IgG. When maternal rubella occurred 12–16 weeks after the last menstrual period specific IgM antibody was detected in 28 out of 50 infants (56%). The proportion fell progressively to 12% after maternal rubella at 24–28 weeks, rose to 19% after rubella at 28–36 weeks and then to 58% when the illness occurred during the last month of pregnancy. In all, IgM antibody was detected in 77 out of 260 infants (29%). The fetus can thus be infected at any time during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy, but the risk varies at different stages.The figures for the prevalence of IgG antibody were greater throughout, because some infants had IgG who had previously lacked specific IgM. After maternal rubella at 12–16 weeks IgG antibody persisted in 22 out of 31 infants (71%). The proportion fell to 28% after rubella at 24–28 weeks and then increased progressively to 94% after rubella during the last month. In all, IgG antibody persisted in 94 out of 190 infants (49%). The true rate of fetal infection probably lies between the rates estimated from the presence of IgM antibody and the subsequent prevalence of IgG.Infants whose mothers had rubella at any time during pregnancy should be examined regularly for possible evidence of damage.

Mixed Epithelial and Stromal Tumors of the Kidney: An Overview

2009 ◽  
Vol 133 (9) ◽  
pp. 1483-1486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sambit K. Mohanty ◽  
Anil V. Parwani
Keyword(s):  
Progesterone Receptor ◽  
Growth Pattern ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Cystic Mass ◽  
Stromal Tumor ◽  
Renal Neoplasms ◽  
Imaging Studies ◽  
Stromal Tumors ◽  
Ovarian Stroma ◽  
Estrogen And Progesterone Receptor

Abstract Mixed epithelial and stromal tumor of the kidney is a recently recognized distinct neoplasm that should be distinguished from other renal neoplasms. These tumors are relatively rare with a female preponderance. Imaging studies are not diagnostic but reveal a solid or solid and cystic mass in most cases. Histopathologically, these tumors reveal biphasic growth pattern comprising mesenchymal and epithelial elements with characteristic estrogen and progesterone receptor immunoreactive mesenchyme reminiscent of ovarian stroma. Malignant transformation, recurrence, and metastasis are rare; however, recently a few cases of malignant mixed epithelial and stromal tumors have been reported in the literature. Recently a case with translocation t(1;19) has been described. This article provides a brief overview of the current knowledge of mixed epithelial and stromal tumor of the kidney.

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