scholarly journals Axonal Injuries Cast Long Shadows: Long Term Glial Activation in Injured and Contralateral Retinas after Unilateral Axotomy

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (16) ◽  
pp. 8517
Author(s):  
María José González-Riquelme ◽  
Caridad Galindo-Romero ◽  
Fernando Lucas-Ruiz ◽  
Marina Martínez-Carmona ◽  
Kristy T. Rodríguez-Ramírez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Optic Nerve Head ◽  
Signal Intensity ◽  
Ciliary Body ◽  
Optic Nerve Crush ◽  
Nerve Crush ◽  
Female Mice ◽  
Cell Changes

Background: To analyze the course of microglial and macroglial activation in injured and contralateral retinas after unilateral optic nerve crush (ONC). Methods: The left optic nerve of adult pigmented C57Bl/6 female mice was intraorbitally crushed and injured, and contralateral retinas were analyzed from 1 to 45 days post-lesion (dpl) in cross-sections and flat mounts. As controls, intact retinas were studied. Iba1+ microglial cells (MCs), activated phagocytic CD68+MCs and M2 CD206+MCs were quantified. Macroglial cell changes were analyzed by GFAP and vimentin signal intensity. Results: After ONC, MC density increased significantly from 5 to 21 dpl in the inner layers of injured retinas, remaining within intact values in the contralateral ones. However, in both retinas there was a significant and long-lasting increase of CD68+MCs. Constitutive CD206+MCs were rare and mostly found in the ciliary body and around the optic-nerve head. While in the injured retinas their number increased in the retina and ciliary body, in the contralateral retinas decreased. Astrocytes and Müller cells transiently hypertrophied in the injured retinas and to a lesser extent in the contralateral ones. Conclusions: Unilateral ONC triggers a bilateral and persistent activation of MCs and an opposed response of M2 MCs between both retinas. Macroglial hypertrophy is transient.

scholarly journals Nerve fibre layer degeneration and retinal ganglion cell loss long term after optic nerve crush or transection in adult mice

2018 ◽  
Vol 170 ◽  
pp. 40-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.C. Sánchez-Migallón ◽  
F.J. Valiente-Soriano ◽  
M. Salinas-Navarro ◽  
F.M. Nadal-Nicolás ◽  
M. Jiménez-López ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Ganglion Cell ◽  
Nerve Fibre ◽  
Cell Loss ◽  
Optic Nerve Crush ◽  
Retinal Ganglion ◽  
Nerve Crush ◽  
Adult Mice ◽  
Nerve Fibre Layer

Pax2+ astrocytes in the fish optic nerve head after optic nerve crush

2013 ◽  
Vol 1492 ◽  
pp. 18-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Parrilla ◽  
C. Lillo ◽  
M.J. Herrero-Turrión ◽  
R. Arévalo ◽  
J. Aijón ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Optic Nerve Head ◽  
Optic Nerve Crush ◽  
Nerve Crush

scholarly journals Transcriptome Analyses Reveal Systematic Molecular Pathology After Optic Nerve Crush

2022 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan-Bo Pan ◽  
Yiyu Sun ◽  
Hong-Jiang Li ◽  
Lai-Yang Zhou ◽  
Jianmin Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Glial Cells ◽  
Optic Nerve Head ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Optic Nerve Crush ◽  
Nerve Crush ◽  
Glial Function ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Transcriptome Analyses ◽  
Insight Into

The function of glial cells in axonal regeneration after injury has been the subject of controversy in recent years. Thus, deeper insight into glial cells is urgently needed. Many studies on glial cells have elucidated the mechanisms of a certain gene or cell type in axon regeneration. However, studies that manipulate a single variable may overlook other changes. Here, we performed a series of comprehensive transcriptome analyses of the optic nerve head over a period of 90 days after optic nerve crush (ONC), showing systematic molecular changes in the optic nerve head (ONH). Furthermore, using weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA), we established gene module programs corresponding to various pathological events at different times post-ONC and found hub genes that may be potential therapeutic targets. In addition, we analyzed the changes in different glial cells based on their subtype markers. We revealed that the transition trend of different glial cells depended on the time course, which provides clues for modulating glial function in further research.

Different functional susceptibilities of mouse retinal ganglion cell subtypes to optic nerve crush injury

2017 ◽  
Vol 162 ◽  
pp. 97-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Puyang ◽  
Hai-Qing Gong ◽  
Shi-Gang He ◽  
John B. Troy ◽  
Xiaorong Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Ganglion Cell ◽  
Retinal Ganglion Cell ◽  
Crush Injury ◽  
Optic Nerve Crush ◽  
Retinal Ganglion ◽  
Nerve Crush ◽  
Nerve Crush Injury
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