scholarly journals Changes in Shape, Texture and Airflow Improve Efficiency of Monitoring Traps for Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)

Insects ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 778
Author(s):  
Panamulla A. H. Sajeewani ◽  
Dissanayaka M. S. K. Dissanayaka ◽  
Leanage K. W. Wijayaratne ◽  
Charles S. Burks
Keyword(s):  
Tribolium Castaneum ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Capture Efficiency ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Trap Efficiency ◽  
The Status ◽  
Important Pest ◽  
Forced Air ◽  
Monitoring Traps ◽  
Coleoptera Tenebrionidae

The red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum, is an important pest of stored products. We compared an existing standard commercial trap with five experimental trap designs differing from the status quo in shape, surface texture, and in forced air capability provided by fans. We tested the five new traps and a commercial trap with T. castaneum adults with the presence/absence of air flow and the availability of either the pheromone only or both the pheromone and kairomone. Without using the fans and baited with pheromone only, these new trap designs capture beetles three to five times as efficiently as the status quo trap. Use of both pheromone and kairomone doubled the capture efficiency of the status quo trap but did not significantly affect the capture efficiency of the new trap designs, all of which captured significantly more effectively than the status quo trap. Turning on fans for forced ventilation significantly improved trap efficiency of the more effective of the newer traps compared to monitoring with both pheromone and kairomone but no fan. This study provides new insights into factors affecting trap efficiency for monitoring of T. castaneum in grain storage facilities, and suggests ways in which existing traps might be improved.

Evaluating Light Attraction to Increase Trap Efficiency for Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)

2011 ◽  
Vol 104 (4) ◽  
pp. 1430-1435 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Duehl ◽  
L. W. Cohnstaedt ◽  
R. T. Arbogast ◽  
P.E.A. Teal
Keyword(s):  
Tribolium Castaneum ◽  
Trap Efficiency ◽  
Coleoptera Tenebrionidae

The life cycle of Gregarina cuneata in the midgut of Tribolium castaneum and the effects of parasitism on the development of insects

2016 ◽  
Vol 106 (2) ◽  
pp. 258-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.A.S. Gigliolli ◽  
A.H.F. Julio ◽  
H. Conte
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Tribolium Castaneum ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Parasite Development ◽  
Apical Region ◽  
Stored Grains ◽  
Important Pest ◽  
Infected Cells ◽  
Functional Analyses ◽  
Coleoptera Tenebrionidae

AbstractTribolium castaneum Herbst 1797 (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), an important pest of stored grains and byproducts, is naturally infected by Gregarina cuneata Stein 1848 (Apicomplexa: Gregarinidae). Changes in the life cycle of insects caused by the parasite development in the midgut were studied. Trophozoites, gamonts (solitary and associated), and gametocysts were present in the midgut of the insects. In young trophozoites, the apical region differentiated into an epimerite that firmly attached the parasite to the host epithelial cells. With maturation, trophozoites developed in gamonts that were associated with the initiation of sexual reproduction in the cell cycle, culminating in the formation of the spherical gametocyst. Morpho-functional analyses indicated that gregarines absorb nutrients from infected cells and can occlude the midgut as they develop. Consequently, nutritional depletion may interfere with the host's physiology, causing decreased growth, delayed development, and high mortality rates of the parasitized insects. These results suggest G. cuneata could be an important biological agent for controlling T. castaneum in integrated pest management programs.

scholarly journals Studies on some specific biological and temporal factors affecting mating and/or oviposition in Tribolium castaneum (Hbst.) coleoptera: Tenebrionidae

1980 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
R. Narayan Singh ◽  
S. S. Krishna
Keyword(s):  
Tribolium Castaneum ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Temporal Factors ◽  
Coleoptera Tenebrionidae

Machos a fêmeas de Tribolium castaneum, recém-eclcdidos, parearam para copulação durante os dois períodos de 8 horas (octetos) (de 6:00 até 14:00 ou de 14:00 até 22:00 hs) de um ciclo diário de 24 horas e começaram a oviposição no 1.o ou 2.o dia após o pareamento. O casal monogâmico, geralmente perfaz múltiplas copulações (na maioria das vezes, 3 ou 4) durante aqueles períodos. O coito é sempre curto e dura de 25 a 208 segundos. Diferenças em idade de machos e fêmeas na época da copulação produzem variações interessantes nos padrões de oviposição neste inseto. Ém todas as situações experimentais estudadas, não foi afetada a viabilidade de 100% dos ovos postos pelas fêmeas.

scholarly journals Women’s media: Challenging the status quo

2007 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 17-27
Author(s):  
Sharon Bhagwan Rolls
Keyword(s):  
Capacity Building ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Rural Women ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Mainstream Media ◽  
The Status ◽  
And Training

While there is a need to challenge mainstream media to improve their portrayal of women in contemporary Pacific society, there is also a need to counter factors affecting and inhibiting women’s engagement with that media. This not only requires the incorporation of gender equality policies in mainstream media policy but by ensuring that women are able to develop, produce and distribute alternative information and communications. For such advocacy to be successful, this commentary argues for capacity building and training for young women and rural women to make the connection with policy makers through their local programme productions so they can challenge personal, institutional and systematic barriers to their development and empowerment.

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