scholarly journals Prevalence and Risk Factors of Respiratory Syncytial Virus in Children under 5 Years of Age in the WHO European Region: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 416
Author(s):  
Nora Suleiman-Martos ◽  
Alberto Caballero-Vázquez ◽  
Jose Luis Gómez-Urquiza ◽  
Luis Albendín-García ◽  
Jose Luis Romero-Béjar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
World Health ◽  
European Region ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Rsv Infection ◽  
Syncytial Virus ◽  
Children Under 5

A respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the major cause of respiratory tract infection in children under 5 years. However, RSV infection in the European Region of the World Health Organization has not been systematically reviewed. The aim was to determine the prevalence and factors associated with RSV in children under 5 years of age in European regions. A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed. CINAHL, Medline, LILACS, ProQuest, SciELO, and Scopus databases were consulted for studies published in the last 5 years, following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis guidelines. The search equation was “respiratory syncytial virus AND (newborn OR infant OR child) AND (prevalence OR risk factors)”. Studies reporting the prevalence of RSV were eligible for inclusion in the meta-analysis. A total of 20 articles were included. The meta-analytic prevalence estimation of RSV, with a sample of n = 16,115 children, was 46% (95% CI 34–59%). The main risk factors were age, male gender, winter season, and environmental factors such as cold temperatures, higher relative humidity, high concentrations of benzene, exposure to tobacco, and living in urban areas. Robust age-specific estimates of RSV infection in healthy children should be promoted in order to determine the optimal age for immunization. In addition, it is necessary to analyse in greater depth the potentially predictive factors of RSV infection, to be included in prevention strategies.

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Respiratory Syncytial Virus in Children Under 5 Years: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nora Suleiman-Martos ◽  
Alberto Caballero-Vázquez ◽  
José Luis Gómez-Urquiza ◽  
Luis Albendin-Garcia ◽  
José Luis Romero-Béjar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Syncytial Virus ◽  
Children Under 5

scholarly journals Respiratory Syncytial Virus Immunoprophylaxis with Palivizumab: 12-Year Observational Study of Usage and Outcomes in Canada

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Mitchell ◽  
Abby Li ◽  
Candice L. Bjornson ◽  
Krista L. Lanctot ◽  
Bosco A. Paes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Burden Of Illness ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
Smoking Exposure ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Rsv Infection ◽  
History Of ◽  
Syncytial Virus ◽  
Airway Anomalies

Objective This study aimed to evaluate palivizumab (PVZ) use, trends in indications, and outcomes of respiratory illness hospitalizations (RIH) and respiratory syncytial virus hospitalizations (RSVH). Study Design It involves a large, Canadian prospective (2005–2017) observational multicenter study of children at high risk for RSV infection. Results A total of 25,003 infants (56.3% male) were enrolled at 32 sites; 109,579 PVZ injections were administered. Indications included: prematurity (63.3%); “miscellaneous” (17.8%); hemodynamically significant congenital heart disease (10.5%); bronchopulmonary dysplasia/chronic lung disease (8.4%). The “miscellaneous” group increased over time (4.4% in 2005–2006 to 22.5% in 2016–2017) and included: trisomy 21, airway anomalies, pulmonary disorders, cystic fibrosis, neurological impairments, immunocompromised, cardiac aged >2 years, multiple conditions, and a residual “unclassified” group. Adherence measured by expected versus actual doses plus correct interdose interval was 64.7%. A total of 2,054 RIH occurred (6.9%); 198 (9.6%) required intubation. Three hundred thirty-seven hospitalized children were RSV-positive (overall RSVH 1.6%). Risk factors for RSVH included having siblings, attending daycare, family history of atopy, smoking exposure, and crowded household. Infants with 5 risk factors were 9.0 times (95% CI or confidence interval 4.4–18.2; p < 0.0005) more likely to have RSVH than infants without risk factors. Three adverse events occurred; none were fatal. Conclusion Results are relevant to both clinicians and decision-makers. We confirmed the safety of PVZ. Use of PVZ increased steadily for children with miscellaneous conditions and medical complexity. Medical and social factors pose a risk for severe RIH and RSVH with accompanying burden of illness. A vaccine that protects against RSV is urgently required. Key Points

scholarly journals Respiratory syncytial virus hospitalization and mortality: Systematic review and meta‐analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 556-569 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renato T. Stein ◽  
Louis J. Bont ◽  
Heather Zar ◽  
Fernando P. Polack ◽  
Caroline Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Syncytial Virus

scholarly journals Diagnostic Accuracy of Rapid Antigen Detection Tests for Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 53 (12) ◽  
pp. 3738-3749 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Chartrand ◽  
Nicolas Tremblay ◽  
Christian Renaud ◽  
Jesse Papenburg
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Reference Standard ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Test Sensitivity ◽  
Subgroup Analyses ◽  
Syncytial Virus

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) rapid antigen detection tests (RADT) are extensively used in clinical laboratories. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the accuracy of RADTs for diagnosis of RSV infection and to determine factors associated with accuracy estimates. We searched EMBASE and PubMed for diagnostic-accuracy studies of commercialized RSV RADTs. Studies reporting sensitivity and specificity data compared to a reference standard (reverse transcriptase PCR [RT-PCR], immunofluorescence, or viral culture) were considered. Two reviewers independently extracted data on study characteristics, diagnostic-accuracy estimates, and study quality. Accuracy estimates were pooled using bivariate random-effects regression models. Heterogeneity was investigated with prespecified subgroup analyses. Seventy-one articles met inclusion criteria. Overall, RSV RADT pooled sensitivity and specificity were 80% (95% confidence interval [CI], 76% to 83%) and 97% (95% CI, 96% to 98%), respectively. Positive- and negative-likelihood ratios were 25.5 (95% CI, 18.3 to 35.5) and 0.21 (95% CI, 0.18 to 0.24), respectively. Sensitivity was higher in children (81% [95% CI, 78%, 84%]) than in adults (29% [95% CI, 11% to 48%]). Because of this disparity, further subgroup analyses were restricted to pediatric data (63 studies). Test sensitivity was poorest using RT-PCR as a reference standard and highest using immunofluorescence (74% versus 88%;P< 0.001). Industry-sponsored studies reported significantly higher sensitivity (87% versus 78%;P= 0.01). Our results suggest that the poor sensitivity of RSV RADTs in adults may preclude their use in this population. Furthermore, industry-sponsored studies and those that did not use RT-PCR as a reference standard likely overestimated test sensitivity.

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