scholarly journals Direct Reduction of Fe, Ni and Cr from Oxides of Waste Products Used in Briquettes for Slag Foaming in EAF

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (20) ◽  
pp. 3434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arkadiy Davydenko ◽  
Andrey Karasev ◽  
Björn Glaser ◽  
Pär Jönsson
Keyword(s):  
Direct Reduction ◽  
Sustainable Manufacturing ◽  
Environmental Aspects ◽  
Thermo Gravimetric ◽  
Similar Reduction ◽  
Waste Products ◽  
Reduction Processes ◽  
Slag Foaming ◽  
Pet Coke ◽  
Metal Droplets

Environmental aspects and the sustainable manufacturing of steels require producers to pay more and more attention to the efficient utilization of materials and waste products during steelmaking. This study is focused on the evaluation of possibilities for the recovery of metals (such as Fe, Ni and Cr) from waste products used for slag foaming in the Electric Arc Furnace (EAF) process. Two types of industrial briquettes were produced by mixing mill-scale from the hot rolling of stainless steels with anthracite and pet-coke, respectively. Thereafter, an assessment of the metal reduction processes in briquettes at high temperatures (1500 °C) was made by using laboratory thermo-gravimetric reduction experiments in an argon atmosphere. The amounts of metal, slag and gas obtained from the briquettes were estimated. In addition, the velocity and time for the removal of metal droplets from the liquid slag depending on the size of the metal droplets was estimated. It was found that up to 97% of metal droplets can be removed from the slag during the first 30 min. Moreover, results showed that most of the Cr, Ni and Fe (up to 93–100%) can be reduced from oxides of these metals in briquettes at 1500 °C. Moreover, the anthracite and pet-coke in the investigated briquettes have similar reduction capabilities. It was found that up to 330 kg of Fe, 28 kg of Ni and 66 kg of Cr per ton of added briquettes can be recovered from waste products by the industrial application of those briquettes for slag foaming in EAF.

Iron, 3. Direct Reduction Processes

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Lothar Formanek ◽  
Hans Bodo Lüngen ◽  
Julian Prölss ◽  
Fritz Rose ◽  
Ulrike Stellmacher
Keyword(s):  
Direct Reduction ◽  
Reduction Processes

scholarly journals Technological modes of metals direct reduction in an aggregate of jet-emulsion type

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (5) ◽  
pp. 364-372
Author(s):  
I. A. Rybenko ◽  
Hans­-Görg Roos
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Optimization Problems ◽  
Direct Reduction ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Metal Reduction ◽  
Fourth Stage ◽  
Metal Production ◽  
Optimization Criteria ◽  
Reduction Processes ◽  
Instrumental System

The paper presents the method and instrumental system for modeling and optimizing technological modes of direct metal reduction processes in a jet-emulsion aggregate (JER). Stages of the method are considered. The first one is the problem statement: formation of target conditions, choice of the process type, the task and system of optimization criteria. The second stage includes selection of the object of study: setting parameters of input and output flows, process parameters, stages and subprocesses. The third one includes thermodynamic modeling to assess the final equilibrium state in which optimization problem is solved to determine the best conditions for implementation of the processes of metal reduction from oxides in model systems. The fourth stage is development of metallurgical technology (finding the optimum modes and ways for achieving these modes by specified output stream parameters). And the final one is process optimization in technical and economic indicators. As part of the fourth stage, the complex of mathematical models has been developed that reflects relationship of flows and processes in a metallurgical unit. The structure of instrumental system is presented, in which mathematical models and an algorithm for determining optimal technological modes are implemented. A set of optimization criteria has been developed and a scheme for solving two types of optimization problems are presented: finding optimal conditions for reduction processes in thermodynamic systems and determining optimal modes of direct metal reduction. Application of the method to develop optimal technological modes of direct metal production in a JER-type aggregate is shown: metal production from cast iron and mill scale; direct reduction of metal from dusty ores and iron-containing man-made materials; obtaining manganese alloys from carbonate and oxide ores; processing titanium-magnetite concentrates with an almost complete separation of iron-containing and titaniumcontaining component; and direct reduction of iron with associated production of high-calorie synthesis gas.

A PROPOSAL OF AN ALTERNATIVE ROUTE FOR THE REDUCTION OF IRON ORE IN THE EASTERN AMAZONIA

2019 ◽  
pp. 76-79
Author(s):  
L. C. De Lima ◽  
J. B. Furlan Duarte ◽  
T. N. Veziroglu
Keyword(s):  
Iron Ore ◽  
Direct Reduction ◽  
Pig Iron ◽  
Alternative Route ◽  
Environmental Aspects ◽  
Fuel Wood ◽  
Reduction Of Iron ◽  
Electrolytic Hydrogen ◽  
Direct Reduction Of Iron ◽  
Year 2000

Brazil has decreased the utilization of wood under the form of either charcoal or fuel wood to about 10% of its energy consumption (year 2000). The same is not true for the Brazilian Amazonia where there is a growing demand of charcoal for the production of pig iron in the Greater Carajas Program. The objective of the present study is to verify the feasibility of using electrolytic hydrogen instead of charcoal for the direct reduction of iron ore in that region. Techno, economic and environmental aspects are considered. This study can be benefcial to Brazil in general and Amazonia in particular since natural resources might be preserved and pollution avoided.

scholarly journals Exergy evaluation on the pellets production and direct reduction processes for the fired and nonfired pellets.

1989 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 447-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomohiro Akiyama ◽  
Reijiro Takahashi ◽  
Jun-ichiro Yagi
Keyword(s):  
Direct Reduction ◽  
Reduction Processes
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document