The port of Gothenburg under the influence of the fourth stage of the industrial revolution: Implementing a wide portfolio of digital tools to optimize the conduct of operations

Taking advantage of the benefits associated with the fourth stage of the industrial revolution--quite often termed as the “era of digitalization” in the wider literature--has become a main priority for ports globally, as part of their further development. The implications of smart technologies on the sustainable development of the ports have not been adequately addressed by the existing literature and it is exactly this gap that this study aims to fulfil. This paper aims to provide an overview of the innovative technologies adopted by a small number of smart ports around the world and highlight their link to sustainable development by employing an exploratory review of various sources. The design features of the smart ports identified by the existing literature have formed the basis for the development of a conceptual framework used in this paper for the analysis of the case of the Port of Gothenburg--the largest Scandinavian port, both in terms of number of visits and volume of cargo handled. The specific port is currently expanding its digital transformation by launching a platform during the second half of 2021 that will link digitally and coordinate the operations of all relevant stakeholders--shipping companies, freight forwarders, rail operators--at the port area. From the analysis, it becomes clear that the implementation of a wide portfolio of digital initiatives by the port under discussion has already resulted in the optimization of its operations and is strongly interrelated to its sustainable development. Important issues to be addressed in the near future that were identified by this research effort include the necessary cultural adaptation and training activities to ensure the right exploitation of these tools by the whole pool of the workforce.

Tradisi Upacara Pasola dalam Kebudayaan Masyarakat Sumba sebagai Ide Penciptaan Boardgame

The purpose of writing this article is to describe the process of creating a board game that makes the Pasola Ceremony a source of ideas. The Pasola ceremony is one of the cultures originating from eastern Indonesia, namely Sumba, East Nusa Tenggara. This ceremony is part of a series of cultural rituals carried out by the Sumba people who still adhere to the Merapu belief. Therefore, Pasola is a cultural wealth of Indonesia that must be preserved and preserved as a wealth of ancestral heritage. This is a source of inspiration in realizing ideas and ideas, so that they are translated into board game works. The process of creating this board game is adapting from the method of designing the work created by the author. The first stage is to explore the data to be the source of the creation idea. The second stage, deepening the source of ideas and determining the form of the work. The third stage, the form exploration process to enrich the design. The fourth stage enters the creation stage and the last stage is finishing. The visualized work is in the form of an integral part of the Pasola Boardgame.

Spices and garbage two keys to healthy life

Indonesia is rich in various kinds of spices and its benefits are no doubt, Wadeng Sidayu Gresik Village has the potential for abundant spices but has not been used optimally, especially the COVID-19 pandemic, this healthy drink is one of the solutions to increase the body's immunity. Making healthy drinks from spices is expected to change people's mindset towards a healthy lifestyle supported by a healthy, clean and free environment from waste and pollution, Ngoro Mojokerjo Village is a large industrial center in East Java so that plastic waste is very troubling because from time to time increased. The effort to reduce plastic waste is by using it as a chair at home. The two spice and waste activities in the two villages went through several stages; the first stage was conducting the survey, the second stage was applying for a permit to the local Village Head, the third stage was collecting spices and plastic waste and the fourth stage was training in making drinks, socializing the use of waste and making chairs from plastic waste. The results of the activity were that technology for making and healthy drink products, technology, and chair products from plastic waste, and public awareness not littering increased by 61%.

Efficacy of Two Predatory Coccinellid Specie Feeding on Different Desities of Bemisia Tabaci (Homoptera : Aleyrodidae) Nymphs in The Laboratory

Aseries of experiments were conducted laborators of biollogical control in the postgraduate laboratory at the Al-Mussaib Technical College, AL-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University-Iraq in 2020, The larval and adult phase of Hippodamia variegate and Coccinella Septempunctata.L were reard on different densities of Bemisia tabaci nymphs to reveae theis predation and the effect on this longevity too: The average number of predation whitefly nymphs per day from each age larvae and adults of the thirteen-spoted ladybird H. variegate and the seven- spoted ladybird C. Septempunctata. L was in direct proportion to the increase in the density of the whitefly nymphs supplied for it daily, The highest average of thirteen point ladybird larvae was (48.60) at density (64) nymphs/whitefly at the first larval phase. While the lowest rate of first-stage larvae was (6.40) at density (2) nymphs/whitefly for the same larval phase, while the highest average of fourth-stage larvae was (131.20) at density (64) nymphs/whitefly. While the lowest average of the fourth larvae phase was (39.20) at density (8) nymphs/whitefly, As for the seven- spoted ladybird, the highest average of first-phase larvae reached (53.80) at density (64) nymphs/whitefly, while the lowest average of first-phase larvae reached (5.40) at density (2) nymphs/whitefly for the same larval phase. While the highest average of fourth phase larvae was (160.40) at density (64) nymph/whitefly, while the lowest average of fourth phase larvae was (46.00) at density (4) nymph/whitefly. The number of whitefly nymphs preyed by the thirteen- spoted ladybird H. variegate is less than the number of whitefly nymphs preyed by the seven- spoted ladybird C. Septempunctata. L. The daily average of predation for male predation ladybirds understudy for whitefly nymphs is less than the daily average for females with significant differences.

Speculative vertices, Ogun mythopoesis, and (the) fourth/further stage(s)

Wole Soyinka’s seminal essay, “The Fourth Stage: Through the Mysteries of Ogun to the Origin of Yoruba Tragedy” which appears as appendix in his collection of critical essays, Myth, Literature and the African World (1976), has been read and critiqued as an important work of myth, mythopoesis, tragedy and the Yoruba pantheon. To date, no meta-critical study has yet treated the essay as essentially speculative fiction, or as an invented model or construct for variegated possible future applications, or even as an authentic African futuristic artistic invention. This is important in present times as a resurgence of earlier genres and trends populate the literary world, thereby raising the need for underpinnings, connections, projections, and conflations such as this article presents. With the application of archetypal author-, text-, and context-oriented theoretical modes alongside historicity, this essay navigates and re-interrogates “The Fourth Stage” and its numerous critiques in the contexts of Afrofuturism and Africanfuturism, finding it a practical model for African futuristic mytho-cultural and literary productions. I also through this essay expose the multiple areas of possible applications of such inventiveness in the reappraisal and re-interrogation of the problematics and maladies of the postcolony.

Continuous Monitoring of Olive Fruit Growth by Automatic Extensimeter in Response to Vapor Pressure Deficit from Pit Hardening to Harvest

Recently, several studies on olive fruit growth have focused on circadian monitoring as an important orchard management tool. The olive fruit growth trend is described by double sigmoid model with four growth phases, where the third phase spans from the end of pit hardening to initial fruit maturation, and the last phase includes olive maturation up to fruit drop. Environmental factors play an important role in fruit growth, with vapor pressure deficit (VPD) being a keystone factor. Our experiment was designed to hourly monitor olive (Olea europaea L. cv. ‘Frantoio’) fruit transversal diameter from approximately initial pit hardening (II Phase), extension (III Phase) until harvest time (IV Phase) in the attempt to determine whether fruit growth dynamically responds to environmental variables such as diurnal VPD change in different stages of fruit development. Automatic extensimeters were applied in open field and VPD was calculated from data of our weather station. Throughout the experiment period, the circadian model of fruit growth showed two steps: shrinkage and expansion. Almost in all days of the third phase of fruit growth, daily response of transversal diameter to VPD formed complete clockwise hysteresis loops. During the fourth phase of fruit growth, with increasing fruit maturation, the complete clockwise hysteresis loop experienced some abnormality. At the fourth stage of fruit growth there were incomplete and partial clockwise hysteresis loops. We conclude that hysteresis can be employed to detect the shift between the end of the third phase (cell expansion) and the beginning of the fourth phase (fruit maturation) of fruit growth. The disappearance of the complete clockwise hysteresis loop and the substitution with incomplete, or partial clockwise hysteresis loops was observable only in the fourth stage of fruit growth. These results can be valuable for any smart fruit management of olive fruit production.

Methodological algorithm for interpreting intertextuality within the orthodox sermon (case study of the english orthodox sermon fragment)

The article represents a methodological algorithm for interpreting intertextuality in the English Orthodox sermon, which contains the following five successive stages. The first stage identifies the scientific and methodological backgrounds of the study of intertextuality, including in interdisciplinary coverage, as well as it traces the evolution of scientific views on notions of “intertextuality”; the diversity of approaches to the typology of intertextual relations have been revealed and the problem of intertextuality functions in modern texts has been outlined. The intertextual fragments have been singled out at the second stage. The types and subtypes of intertextual connections, their systematization and classification, different level means of actualization and marking of intertext in the English sermon, as well as the definition of features of semantic transformation and functional purpose of different types of intertext in the recipient text have been revealed at the third stage. The sources of intertextuality identified and systematized in the previous stages of the study have been divided into nuclear, near-peripheral and far-peripheral at the fourth stage. The functions of intertextuality in the English Orthodox sermon have been determined in view of the compositional-structural, semantic, pragmatic, linguistic and cultural and other aspects at the fifth stage.

Tomato Divinyl Ether-Biosynthesis Pathway Is Implicated in Modulating of Root-Knot Nematode Meloidogyne javanica's Parasitic Ability

The role of the 9-lipoxygenase (9-LOX)-derived oxylipins in plant defense is mainly known in solanaceous plants. In this work, we identify the functional role of the tomato divinyl ether synthase (LeDES) branch, which exclusively converts 9-hydroperoxides to the 9-divinyl ethers (DVEs) colneleic acid (CA) and colnelenic acid (CnA), during infection by the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica. Analysis of LeDES expression in roots indicated a concurrent response to nematode infection, demonstrating a sharp increase in expression during the molting of third/fourth-stage juveniles, 15 days after inoculation. Spatiotemporal expression analysis using an LeDES promoter:GUS tomato line showed high GUS activity associated with the developing gall; however the GUS signal became more constricted as infection progressed to the mature nematode feeding sites, and eventually disappeared. Wounding did not activate the LeDES promoter, but auxins and methyl salicylate triggered LeDES expression, indicating a hormone-mediated function of DVEs. Heterologous expression of LeDES in Arabidopsis thaliana rendered the plants more resistant to nematode infection and resulted in a significant reduction in third/fourth-stage juveniles and adult females as compared to a vector control and the wild type. To further evaluate the nematotoxic activity of the DVEs CA and CnA, recombinant yeast that catalyzes the formation of CA and CnA from 9-hydroperoxides was generated. Transgenic yeast accumulating CnA was tested for its impact on M. javanica juveniles, indicating a decrease in second-stage juvenile motility. Taken together, our results suggest an important role for LeDES as a determinant in the defense response during M. javanica parasitism, and indicate two functional modes: directly via DVE motility inhibition effect and through signal molecule-mediated defense reactions to nematodes that depend on methyl salicylate.

Hybrid Genotype of Anisakis simplex (s.s.) and A. pegreffii Identified in Third- and Fourth-Stage Larvae from Sympatric and Allopatric Spanish Marine Waters

The sibling species Anisakis simplex (s.s.) and Anisakis pegreffii are parasites of marine mammals and fish worldwide and the main causative agents of human anisakiasis. In sympatric areas, a hybrid genotype between the two species has been identified, mainly in third-stage larvae, but rarely in fourth-stage and adult forms. The aim of this study was to confirm the presence of hybrid genotypes in larvae parasitizing fish caught in sympatric and allopatric Spanish marine waters, the North-East Atlantic and West Mediterranean, respectively, and to study possible differences in the growth behaviour between genotypes. Of the 254 molecularly analysed larvae, 18 were identified as hybrids by PCR-RFLP analysis of the rDNA ITS region, 11 of which were subsequently confirmed by EF1 α-1 nDNA gene sequencing. These results therefore indicate an overestimation of hybrid genotypes when identification is based only on the ITS region. We also report the detection of a hybrid specimen in a host from the West Mediterranean, considered an allopatric zone. Additionally, fourth-stage larvae with a hybrid genotype were obtained in vitro for the first time, and no differences were observed in their growth behaviour compared to larvae with A. simplex (s.s.) and A. pegreffii genotypes.