THE PROBLEM OF OPTIMIZING BUS ROUTE USING GEOINFORMATION ENVIRONMENT

The public transport system is characterized by a complex transport network, intersecting routes and fragmented stopping points. In this regard, the functioning of the transport system to ensure optimal planning of bus transportation is an urgent task. A solution to this problem can be a multi-level model that allows you to represent network objects at several spatial levels, calculate the exact time delay, and meet the needs of planning bus trips with various optimization criteria

Improving the technology of rolling rail steels by a comprehensive optimization parameter

The authors have developed a technique for improving the rolling modes of rail steels based on a complex optimization parameter. The technology of rolling rail profiles in the roughing stands of rail-and-structural steel mills and the technology of rolling ball blanks and grinding balls from the rejection of continuously cast blanks of rail steels are selected as the methodology objects. The generalized optimization parameter is the generalized Harrington desirability function, which depends on the partial desirability indicators according to the criteria of energy efficiency, quality of rolled products, material conservation and mill productivity. The share of influence of the listed partial optimization criteria on the generalized desirability function is taken into account by using weighting coefficients. Justification of the coefficient values is based on the results of a comparative analysis of reserves for reducing costs or losses in value terms. An algorithm for applying the technique has been developed. The analysis and generalization of the available initial data and additional research were carried out as a part of the first block. These studies are aimed at obtaining justified analytical dependencies of particular optimization criteria and measured rolling parameters. The second block is justification of the specific direction of rolling modes, the choice of which is carried out on the basis of checking the compliance of boundary conditions. The third block includes development of the parameters of the new rolling mode and assessment of its applicability and effectiveness. The fourth block involves pilot testing of a new rolling mode in the conditions of an existing rolling mill and if it is necessary, adjusting the methodology for determining the forecast values of the measured indicators. With the use of the developed methodology, the modes of rolling of railway and sharp rails in the roughing stands of universal rail-and-structural steel mill of JSC “EVRAZ ZSMK” were improved, and the mode of rolling grinding balls from the rejection of rail blanks at the cross-screw rolling mill of JSC “GMZ” was changed. There is a significant improvement in the quality, technical and economic indicators, which indicates the effectiveness of the developed methodology.

Comparing Optimization Criteria in Antibiotic Allocation Protocols

Clinicians prescribing antibiotics in a hospital context follow one of several possible "treatment protocols" - heuristic rules designed to balance the immediate needs of patients against the long term threat posed by the evolution of antibiotic resistance and multi-resistant bacteria. Several criteria have been proposed for assessing these protocols, unfortunately these criteria frequently conflict with one another, each providing a different recommendation as to which treatment protocol is best. Here we review and compare these optimization criteria. We are able to demonstrate that criteria focused primarily on slowing evolution of resistance are directly antagonistic to patient health both in the short and long term. We provide a new optimization criteria of our own, intended to more meaningfully balance the needs of the future and present. Asymptotic methods allow us to evaluate this criteria and provide insights not readily available through the numerical methods used previously in the literature. When cycling antibiotics, we find an antibiotic switching time which proves close to optimal across a wide range of modelling assumptions.

Multicriteria Optimization of a Dynamic System by Methods of the Theories of Similarity and Criteria Importance

The problem of multicriteria optimization of a dynamic model is solved using the methods of the similarity theory and the criteria importance theory. The authors propose the original model of a positional system with two hydraulic actuators, synchronously moving a heavy object with a given accuracy. In order to reduce the number of optimizing parameters, the mathematical model of the system is presented in a dimensionless form. Three dimensionless optimization criteria that characterize the accuracy, size, and quality of the dynamic positioning process are considered. It is shown that the application of the criteria importance method significantly reduces the Pareto set (the set of the best solutions). This opens up the possibility of reducing many optimal solutions to one solution, which greatly facilitates the choice of parameters when designing a mechanical object.

Dimensioning Optimization of the Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator for Direct Drive Wind Turbines

In the present work, a methodology that allows optimizing the permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) design by establishing limit values of magnet radius and length that maximize efficiency for the nominal parameters of the wind turbine is developed. The methodology consists of two fundamental models. One model calculates the generator parameters from the radius of the magnet base, and the other optimization model determines two optimum generators according to the optimization criteria of maximum efficiency and maximum efficiency with minimum weight starting from the axial length and the radius of the magnet base. For the optimization, the numerical method of the golden section was used. The model was validated from a 10 kW PMSG and the results of two optimum generators are presented according to the optimization criteria. In addition, when the obtained results are compared with the reference electric generator, an increase in efficiency of 1.15% and 0.81% and a reduction in weight of 30.79% and 39.15% of the optimized generators are obtained for maximum efficiency and minimum weight, respectively. Intermediate options between the maximum efficiency generator and the minimum weight generator allows for the selection of the optimum dimensioning for the electric generator as a function of the parameters from the wind turbine design.

METHODOLOGICAL APPROACH TO ASSESSING THE MANAGEMENT MODEL OF PROMOTING GREEN ENERGY SERVICES IN THE CONTEXT OF DEVELOPMENT SMART ENERGY GRIDS

The transformation of the energy sector towards the development of the green energy sector provides a transition to climate-neutral economic development. In the presence of reserves of natural energy sources, a tendency towards a decrease in their use is monitored as a result of an increase in the share of consumption of green energy obtained from renewable energy sources (e.g. solar, wind). Taking this into account, the role of building an effective management model for the provision of green energy services is growing. The article proposes a methodological approach to assessing the effectiveness of the management model for promoting green energy services in the context of smart energy network development, based on the use of optimization methods and models. The promoting chain of green energy services is based on the rating assessment of energy service companies, the level of digitalization of business processes of enterprises and the formation of digital skills among consumers of various segments of the energy market, as well as a cybernetic approach to determining the ability to provide innovative energy services. For this, the peculiarities of artificial intelligence integration into socio-economic processes and the smart energy network constructions have been identified. The analysis of digital technology use level in the promotion of green energy services in the energy market of Ukraine is carried out. The determination of optimization criteria for assessing the effectiveness of the management model for promoting green energy services has been established. The determination of the optimization criteria for assessing the management model is based on obtaining an ecological effect, which made it possible to single out such criteria as maximizing the decarbonization rate of the environment and minimizing energy consumption costs. The using of such a methodological approach to assessing the effectiveness of the management model for promoting green energy services at energy enterprises will help to ensure a balance between production, distribution, supply of green energy and rational consumption of energy by different segments of consumers. Keywords: energy efficiency, energy saving, alternative energy, renewable energy sources, green electric power industry, energy enterprises, decarbonization. JEL Classification D29, L19, M31, Q21, Q40 Formulas: 10; fig.: 1; tabl.: 1; bibl.: 19.

Optimum torrefaction range for Macaw husks aiming its use as a solid biofuel

Biomass feedstock is broadly available in many countries and a significant amount of residual biomass comes from agriculture and forest crops. This study aims to identify a consistent criteria for optimize Macaw husks torrefaction process maximizing the energy content and minimizing the mass loss. The optimization criteria is based on the Severity Factor (SF), HHVTorrified and ηSolid-Yield. The energy density (ρEnergy) does not provide consistent and indisputable evidence as an optimization criteria; the same applies to Energy-Mass Co-benefit Index (EMCI) and ηEnergy-Yield. This investigation combined few temperatures (180°C, 220°C, and 260°C) with different residence times (20, 40, and 60 min) and found that the optimum torrefaction range for Macaw husk is 220

Results of Laboratory Studies of Soil Sifting in a Rod Elevator with Asymmetric Arrangement of Web Agitators and Adjustable Elevator Apron Angle

Introduction. An increase in crop production from the growing area of both vegetable root crops and all agricultural products results in grows of the load on the machine-technology complex when harvesting. The reason is that in the structure of machine-technological complexes there are not devices providing the qualitative screening of the heap incoming for processing. The purpose of the study is to identify the areas with the minimum value of soil screening on the rod elevator surface depending on the elevator apron angle and to develop recommendations and proposals for improving the separation quality. Materials and Methods. The article describes the methodology and results of laboratory studies of rod elevators with an asymmetric arrangement of web agitators and an adjustable elevator apron angle to determine the soil screening quality on its surface. We used the method of comprehensive assessment of the quality and stability of technological operations based on quantitative optimization criteria. Results. The highest value of the screened soil weight is at the wavelength attenuation section of the rod elevator working branch 1,020 mm cause by action of the elliptical web agitator at an elevation angle of 5 gon. Discussion and Conclusion. The rod elevator with asymmetric arrangement of web agitators and adjustable elevator apron angle increases the soil screening quality along the entire length of the elevator apron by 10 %, and therefore increases the completeness of separation of root crops from soil impurities.

On the Impact of Affine Loop Transformations in Qubit Allocation

Most quantum compiler transformations and qubit allocation techniques to date are either peep-hole focused or rely on sliding windows that depend on a number of external parameters including the topology of the quantum processor. Thus, global optimization criteria are still lacking. In this article, we explore the synergies and impact of affine loop transformations in the context of qubit allocation and mapping. With this goal in mind, we designed and implemented AXL , a domain specific language and source-to-source compiler for quantum circuits that can be directly described with affine relations. We conduct an extensive evaluation spanning circuits from the recently introduced QUEKO benchmark suite, eight quantum circuits taken from the literature, three distinct coupling graphs, four affine transformations (including the Pluto dependence distance minimization and Feautrier’s minimum latency algorithms), four qubit allocators, and two back-end quantum compilers. Our results demonstrate that affine transformations using global optimization criteria can cooperate effectively in several scenarios with quantum qubit mapping algorithms to reduce the circuit depth, size and allocation time.