Unveiling the Chemical Diversity of the Deep-Sea Sponge Characella pachastrelloides

Sponges are at the forefront of marine natural product research. In the deep sea, extreme conditions have driven secondary metabolite pathway evolution such that we might expect deep-sea sponges to yield a broad range of unique natural products. Here, we investigate the chemodiversity of a deep-sea tetractinellid sponge, Characella pachastrelloides, collected from ~800 m depth in Irish waters. First, we analyzed the MS/MS data obtained from fractions of this sponge on the GNPS public online platform to guide our exploration of its chemodiversity. Novel glycolipopeptides named characellides were previously isolated from the sponge and herein cyanocobalamin, a manufactured form of vitamin B12, not previously found in nature, was isolated in a large amount. We also identified several poecillastrins from the molecular network, a class of polyketide known to exhibit cytotoxicity. Light sensitivity prevented the isolation and characterization of these polyketides, but their presence was confirmed by characteristic NMR and MS signals. Finally, we isolated the new betaine 6-methylhercynine, which contains a unique methylation at C-2 of the imidazole ring. This compound showed potent cytotoxicity towards against HeLa (cervical cancer) cells.

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Isolation and characterization of nine polymorphic microsatellite markers for the deep-sea shrimp Nematocarcinus lanceopes (Crustacea: Decapoda: Caridea)

BMC Research Notes ◽

10.1186/1756-0500-6-75 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Johannes Dambach ◽

Michael J Raupach ◽

Christoph Mayer ◽

Julia Schwarzer ◽

Florian Leese

Keyword(s):

Microsatellite Markers ◽

Deep Sea ◽

Isolation And Characterization ◽

Polymorphic Microsatellite

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Isolation and Characterization of Novel Psychrophilic, Neutrophilic, Fe-Oxidizing, Chemolithoautotrophic α- and γ-Proteobacteria from the Deep Sea

Applied and Environmental Microbiology ◽

10.1128/aem.69.5.2906-2913.2003 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 69 (5) ◽

pp. 2906-2913 ◽

Cited By ~ 239

Author(s):

K. J. Edwards ◽

D. R. Rogers ◽

C. O. Wirsen ◽

T. M. McCollom

Keyword(s):

Deep Sea ◽

Sequence Similarity ◽

Heterotrophic Bacterium ◽

Physiological Characterization ◽

Metalliferous Sediments ◽

Basalt Glass ◽

Isolation And Characterization ◽

Iron Oxidizing Bacteria ◽

Microaerobic Conditions

ABSTRACT We report the isolation and physiological characterization of novel, psychrophilic, iron-oxidizing bacteria (FeOB) from low-temperature weathering habitats in the vicinity of the Juan de Fuca deep-sea hydrothermal area. The FeOB were cultured from the surfaces of weathered rock and metalliferous sediments. They are capable of growth on a variety of natural and synthetic solid rock and mineral substrates, such as pyrite (FeS2), basalt glass (∼10 wt% FeO), and siderite (FeCO3), as their sole energy source, as well as numerous aqueous Fe substrates. Growth temperature characteristics correspond to the in situ environmental conditions of sample origin; the FeOB grow optimally at 3 to 10°C and at generation times ranging from 57 to 74 h. They are obligate chemolithoautotrophs and grow optimally under microaerobic conditions in the presence of an oxygen gradient or anaerobically in the presence of nitrate. None of the strains are capable of using any organic or alternate inorganic substrates tested. The bacteria are phylogenetically diverse and have no close Fe-oxidizing or autotrophic relatives represented in pure culture. One group of isolates are γ-Proteobacteria most closely related to the heterotrophic bacterium Marinobacter aquaeolei (87 to 94% sequence similarity). A second group of isolates are α-Proteobacteria most closely related to the deep-sea heterotrophic bacterium Hyphomonas jannaschiana (81 to 89% sequence similarity). This study provides further evidence for the evolutionarily widespread capacity for Fe oxidation among bacteria and suggests that FeOB may play an unrecognized geomicrobiological role in rock weathering in the deep sea.

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