scholarly journals Silicon Optical Modulator Using a Low-Loss Phase Shifter Based on a Multimode Interference Waveguide

Micromachines ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daisuke Inoue ◽  
Tadashi Ichikawa ◽  
Akari Kawasaki ◽  
Tatsuya Yamashita
Keyword(s):  
Phase Shifter ◽  
Optical Modulation ◽  
Optical Modulator ◽  
Multimode Interference ◽  
Phase Modulator ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Low Loss ◽  
Scattering Loss ◽  
Propagation Losses ◽  
Scattering Losses

We have developed a novel phase modulator, based on fin-type electrodes placed at self-imaging positions of a silicon multimode interference (MMI) waveguide, which allows reduced scattering losses and relaxes the fabrication tolerance. The measured propagation losses and spectral bandwidth are 0.7 dB and 33 nm, respectively, on a 987 μm-long phase shifter. Owing to the self-imaging effect in the MMI waveguide, the wave-front expansion to the electrode was counteracted, and therefore, the scattering loss caused by electrode fins was successfully mitigated. As a proof-of-concept for the MMI-based phase modulator applications, we performed optical modulation based on Mach–Zehnder interferometers (MZIs). The π shift current of the modulator was 1.5 mA.

Low Loss High Mesa Optical Waveguides Based on InGaAsP/InP Heterostructures

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 3562-3566
Author(s):  
W. S. Choi ◽  
J. H. Jang ◽  
B.-A. Yu ◽  
Y. L. Lee ◽  
W. Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Waveguides ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Low Loss ◽  
Sidewall Roughness ◽  
Scattering Loss ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Fabry Perot ◽  
Propagation Losses

Low loss high mesa optical waveguides were fabricated on InGaAsP/InP heterostructures by utilizing inductively-coupled-plasma reactive ion etching (ICP-RIE) and electron beam lithography technique. The fabrication process was optimized by measuring sidewall roughness of deep-etched waveguides. Atomic force microscope loaded with carbon nanotude was used to obtain three-dimensional image of the etched sidewall of waveguides. The obtained statistical information such as rms roughness and correlation length was used to theoretically calculate scattering loss of waveguides. Several waveguides with different number of sharp bends and the length were fabricated and their propagation losses were measured by modified Fabry-Perot method. The measured propagation losses were compared with theoretically calculated losses.

Compact and Low Loss Phase Shifter With Low Bias Field Using Partially Magnetized Ferrite

2013 ◽  
Vol 49 (7) ◽  
pp. 3882-3885 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xi Yang ◽  
Jing Wu ◽  
Yuan Gao ◽  
Tianxiang Nan ◽  
Ziyao Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Shifter ◽  
Bias Field ◽  
Low Loss

Integrated Nonvolatile Phase-shifter Based on Electrically Reconfigurable Low-loss Phase-change Materials

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Ríos ◽  
Qingyang Du ◽  
Yifei Zhang ◽  
Mikhail Shalaginov ◽  
Paul Miller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Change ◽  
Phase Change Materials ◽  
Phase Shifter ◽  
Low Loss

Low loss edge-coupling thin-film lithium niobatemodulator with efficient thermal-optic phase shifter

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
pan ying ◽  
Heyun Tan ◽  
Junwei Zhang ◽  
mingbo he ◽  
Mengyue Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Phase Shifter ◽  
Low Loss ◽  
Thermal Optic

Low-loss Loaded Line Phase Shifter for Radar Application in X Band

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoliang Sun ◽  
Jose-Manuel Fernandez-Gonzalez ◽  
Manuel Sierra-Perez ◽  
Belen Galocha-Iraguen
Keyword(s):  
Phase Shifter ◽  
Low Loss ◽  
X Band

scholarly journals Amplitude electro-optical modulation of radiation by sequences of Fabry-Perot resonators

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-223
Author(s):  
V. B. Zalesski ◽  
A. I. Konoiko ◽  
V. M. Kravchenko ◽  
H. S. Kuzmitskaya
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Niobate ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Optical Modulation ◽  
Operating Point ◽  
Optical Modulator ◽  
Control Voltage ◽  
Clock Frequency ◽  
Fabry Perot ◽  
In Series ◽  
Light Signals

In this paper, we considered the method of amplitude electro-optical modulation of radiation using sequences of Fabry-Perot resonators based on the transverse electro-optical effect on the example of lithium niobate LiNbO3. With this method, it is possible to significantly reduce the voltage of the control electromagnetic field of the electro-optical amplitude modulator operating in the transmission mode of the light beam while maintaining its high efficiency. The reduction of the control voltage is achieved by increasing the number of Fabry-Perot resonators installed in series and the phase shift relative to the extremum of the transmittance function. This method allows to diminish the duration of the received light signals which leads to an increase in the clock frequency while maintaining a high efficiency of the radiation modulation. Diminishing the duration of light signals is achieved by using separate modulation channels of two sequences of electro-optical Fabry-Perot resonators, the first of which works on the transmission and the second one on the reflection. Increasing the clock frequency at the output of the modulator is achieved by summing the signals coming from several modulation channels. It is shown that the value of the control voltage for an amplitude electro-optical modulator based on a sequence of Fabry-Perot resonators made of lithium niobate LiNbO3, with an operating wavelength of 1.307 microns, can be 4 V in the case when its initial operating point corresponds to the maximum transmittance. The control voltage is 2 V if the initial operating point is shifted in phase relative to the extremum of the transmittance function.

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