scholarly journals Recovery of Rare Earth Metals (REMs) from Nickel Metal Hydride Batteries of Electric Vehicles

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Manis Kumar Jha ◽  
Pankaj Kumar Choubey ◽  
Om Shankar Dinkar ◽  
Rekha Panda ◽  
Rajesh Kumar Jyothi ◽  
...  

Nickel metal hydride (NiMH) batteries are extensively used in the manufacturing of portable electronic devices as well as electric vehicles due to their specific properties including high energy density, precise volume, resistance to overcharge, etc. These NiMH batteries contain significant amounts of rare earth metals (REMs) along with Co and Ni which are discarded due to illegal dumping and improper recycling practices. In view of their strategic, economic, and industrial importance, and to mitigate the demand and supply gap of REMs and the limited availability of natural resources, it is necessary to explore secondary resources of REMs. Therefore, the present paper reports a feasible hydrometallurgical process flowsheet for the recovery of REMs and valuable metals from spent NiMH batteries. More than 90% dissolution of REMs (Nd, Ce and La) was achieved using 2 M H2SO4 at 75 °C in 60 min in the presence of 10% H2O2 (v/v). From the obtained leach liquor, the REMs, such as Nd and Ce, were recovered using 10% PC88A diluted in kerosene at eq. pH 1.5 and O/A ratio 1/1 in two stages of counter current extraction. La of 99% purity was selectively precipitated from the leach liquor in the pH range of 1.5 to 2.0, leaving Cu, Ni and Co in the filtrate. Further, Cu and Ni were extracted with LIX 84 at equilibrium pH 2.5 and 5, leaving Co in the raffinate. The developed process flow sheet is feasible and has potential for industrial exploitation after scale-up/pilot trails.

1992 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. R. Ovshinsky ◽  
S. Venkatesan ◽  
M. A. Fetcenko ◽  
P. R. Gifford ◽  
D. Corrigan ◽  
...  

Science ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 260 (5105) ◽  
pp. 176-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. R. Ovshinsky ◽  
M. A. Fetcenko ◽  
J. Ross

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (9) ◽  
pp. 44-50
Author(s):  
S.A. Chernyi

The article provides an overview of the main existing methods for recycling rare earth metals from various types of waste. It was noted that the demand for rare-earth metals is increasing annually due to the growth of advanced technologies, mainly in the sectors of electronics, power engineering and photonics. It has been established that in countries producing final products of high processing, the chemical-technological processes of processing goods that have worked out their life cycle, and, first of all, fluorescent lamps, NdFeB magnets from electronic devices, and nickel-metal hydride (NiMeH) batteries containing rare earths are most quickly created. The most profitable and recycling option is the reuse of products containing rare-earth metals, however, such technologies are applicable for a narrow range of waste. Another important area of REM recycling is the processing of industrial waste. For countries with developed mining and chemical industries, mining processing technologies are attractive. It is shown that for Russia, more appropriate are schemes for the disposal of industrial waste, primarily waste from the production of apatite concentrate. The main problems of the development of REM recycling are identified: low content and dispersion of rare earths in waste; the presence of impurities that impede the extraction of valuable components and the toxicity of the used recycling schemes.


2006 ◽  
Vol 74 (5) ◽  
pp. 385-393
Author(s):  
Hiroshi FUKUNAGA ◽  
Mitsuhiro KISHIMI ◽  
Nobuaki MATSUMOTO ◽  
Toshiki TANAKA ◽  
Tomonori KISHIMOTO ◽  
...  

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