scholarly journals The Effect of Ketoanalogues on Chronic Kidney Disease Deterioration: A Meta-Analysis

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 957 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert Li ◽  
Hsiang-Yen Lee ◽  
Yen-Chung Lin
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Randomized Control ◽  
Very Low Protein Diet ◽  
Restricted Protein Diet

The effects of ketoanalogues (KA) on chronic kidney disease (CKD) deterioration have not yet been fully confirmed. To strengthen the evidence of the role of KA in CKD, PubMed and Embase were searched for studies published through February 2019. Effect sizes from ten randomized control trials (RCTs) and two non-RCTs comprising a total of 951 patients were pooled and analyzed. A restricted protein diet supplemented with ketoanalogues (RPKA) was found to significantly delay the progression of CKD (p = 0.008), particularly in patients with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) > 18 mL/min/1.73 m2 (p < 0.0001). No significant change in eGFR was found when comparing a very-low-protein diet and a low-protein diet (p = 0.10). In addition, compared with the placebo, RPKA did not cause malnutrition (albumin: p = 0.56; cholesterol: p = 0.50). Moreover, RPKA significantly decreased phosphorous levels (p = 0.001), increased calcium levels (p = 0.04), and decreased parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels (p = 0.05) in patients with eGFR < 18 mL/min/1.73 m2. In conclusion, RPKA could slow down the progression of CKD in patients with eGFR > 18 mL/min/1.73 m2 without causing malnutrition and reverse CKD-MBD in patients with eGFR < 18 mL/min/1.73 m2.

scholarly journals Very low protein diet supplemented with ketoanalogs improves blood pressure control in chronic kidney disease

2007 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 245-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Bellizzi ◽  
B.R. Di Iorio ◽  
L. De Nicola ◽  
R. Minutolo ◽  
P. Zamboli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Blood Pressure Control ◽  
Pressure Control ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Very Low Protein Diet

scholarly journals Very Low Protein Diet for Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease: Recent Insights

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 718 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucia Di Micco ◽  
Luca Di Lullo ◽  
Antonio Bellasi ◽  
Biagio R. Di Iorio
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Nutritional Therapy ◽  
Sodium Content ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Phosphate Binders ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Very Low Protein Diet

Use of nutritional therapy (NT) in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients is still debated among nephrologists, but it represents a fundamental point in the conservative treatment of CKD. It has been used for years and it has new goals today, such as (1) the reduction of edema, diuretics, and blood pressure values with a low sodium-content diet; (2) the dose reduction of phosphate levels and phosphate binders; (3) the administration of bicarbonate with vegetables in order to correct metabolic acidosis and delay CKD progression; (4) the reduction of the number and the doses of drugs and chemical substances; and (5) the lowering of urea levels, the cure of intestinal microbioma, and the reduction of cyanates levels (such as indoxyl-sulphate and p-cresol sulphate), which are the most recent known advantages achievable with NT. In conclusion, NT and especially very low protein diet (VLPD) have several beneficial effects in CKD patients and slows the progression of CKD.

Very Low Protein Diet Reduces Indoxyl Sulfate Levels in Chronic Kidney Disease

2013 ◽  
Vol 35 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 196-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefania Marzocco ◽  
Fabrizio Dal Piaz ◽  
Lucia Di Micco ◽  
Serena Torraca ◽  
Maria Luisa Sirico ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Indoxyl Sulfate ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Very Low Protein Diet
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