scholarly journals Preparation of Thin-Film Composite Nanofiltration Membranes Doped with N- and Cl-Functionalized Graphene Oxide for Water Desalination

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 1637
Author(s):  
Francisco J. García-Picazo ◽  
Sergio Pérez-Sicairos ◽  
Gustavo A. Fimbres-Weihs ◽  
Shui W. Lin ◽  
Moisés I. Salazar-Gastélum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Water Desalination ◽  
Acyl Chloride ◽  
Functionalized Graphene Oxide ◽  
Film Composite ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Thin Film Composite ◽  
Modified Graphene Oxide

In the present work, chemically modified graphene oxide (GO) was incorporated as a crosslinking agent into thin-film composite (TFC) nanofiltration (NF) membranes for water desalination applications, which were prepared by the interfacial polymerization (IP) method, where the monomers were piperazine (PIP) and trimesoyl chloride (TMC). GO was functionalized with monomer-containing groups to promote covalent interactions with the polymeric film. The composite GO/polyamide (PA) was prepared by incorporating amine and acyl chloride groups into the structure of GO and then adding these chemical modified nanomaterial during IP. The effect of functionalized GO on membrane properties and performance was investigated. Chemical composition and surface morphology of the prepared GO and membranes were analyzed by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Raman spectroscopy, FTIR spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The fabricated composite membranes exhibited a significant increase in permeance (from 1.12 to 1.93 L m−2 h−1 bar−1) and salt rejection for Na2SO4 (from 95.9 to 98.9%) and NaCl (from 46.2 to 61.7%) at 2000 ppm, when compared to non-modified membranes. The amine- and acyl chloride-functionalized GO showed improved dispersibility in the respective phase.

scholarly journals Anti-Biofouling and Desalination Properties of Thin Film Composite Reverse Osmosis Membranes Modified with Copper and Iron Nanoparticles

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (13) ◽  
pp. 2081 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Armendariz Ontiveros ◽  
Y. Quintero ◽  
A. Llanquilef ◽  
M. Morel ◽  
L. Argentel Martínez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Iron Nanoparticles ◽  
Polymerization Process ◽  
Film Composite ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Thin Film Composite ◽  
Modified Membrane ◽  
Reverse Osmosis Membranes

The anti-biofouling and desalination properties of thin film composite reverse osmosis membranes (TFC-RO), modified by the incorporation of copper and iron nanoparticles, were compared. Nanoparticles of metallic copper (CuNPs) and an iron crystalline phase mix (Fe and Fe2O3, FeNPs) were obtained by oxide-reduction-precipitation and reduction reactions, respectively, and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques. Modified membranes (PA+0.25Cu-PSL and PA+0.25Fe-PSL) were obtained by incorporating these nanoparticles during the interfacial polymerization process (PI). These membranes were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and contact angle measurements. Bactericidal tests by a Colony Forming Unit (CFU) were performed using Escherichia coli, and anti-adhesion properties were confirmed by fluorescence microscopy estimating the percentage of live/dead cells. The permeate flow and rejection of salts was evaluated using a crossflow cell. An increase of the membrane’s roughness on the modified membrane was observed, influencing the desalination performance more strongly in the presence of the FeNPs with respect to the CuNPs. Moreover, a significant bactericidal and anti-adhesion effect was obtained in presence of both modifications with respect to the pristine membrane. An important decrease in CFU in the presence of modified membranes of around 98% in both modifications was observed. However, the anti-adhesion percentage and reduction of live/dead cells were higher in the presence of the copper-modified membrane in comparison to the iron-modified membrane. These facts were attributed to the differences in antimicrobial action mechanism of these types of nanoparticles. In conclusion, TFC-RO membranes modified by the incorporation of CuNPs during PI represent one alternative material to attend to the biofouling impact in the desalination process.

Thin film composite membranes embedded with graphene oxide for water desalination

Desalination ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 386 ◽  
pp. 67-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed E.A. Ali ◽  
Leyi Wang ◽  
Xinyan Wang ◽  
Xianshe Feng
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Composite Membranes ◽  
Water Desalination ◽  
Film Composite ◽  
Thin Film Composite

scholarly journals Modified Graphene Oxide-Incorporated Thin-Film Composite Hollow Fiber Membranes through Interface Polymerization on Hydrophilic Substrate for CO2 Separation

Membranes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 650
Author(s):  
Ook Choi ◽  
Iqubal Hossain ◽  
Insu Jeong ◽  
Chul-Ho Park ◽  
Yeonho Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Hollow Fiber ◽  
Interfacial Polymerization ◽  
Co2 Separation ◽  
Hollow Fiber Membranes ◽  
Film Composite ◽  
Thin Film Composite ◽  
Modified Graphene Oxide ◽  
Modified Graphene

Thin-film composite mixed matrix membranes (CMMMs) were fabricated using interfacial polymerization to achieve high permeance and selectivity for CO2 separation. This study revealed the role of substrate properties on performance, which are not typically considered important. In order to enhance the affinity between the substrate and the coating solution during interfacial polymerization and increase the selectivity of CO2, a mixture of polyethylene glycol (PEG) and dopamine (DOPA) was subjected to a spinning process. Then, the surface of the substrate was subjected to interfacial polymerization using polyethyleneimine (PEI), trimesoyl chloride (TMC), and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). The effect of adding SDS as a surfactant on the structure and gas permeation properties of the fabricated membranes was examined. Thin-film composite hollow fiber membranes containing modified graphene oxide (mGO) were fabricated, and their characteristics were analyzed. The membranes exhibited very promising separation performance, with CO2 permeance of 73 GPU and CO2/N2 selectivity of 60. From the design of a membrane substrate for separating CO2, the CMMMs hollow fiber membrane was optimized using the active layer and mGO nanoparticles through interfacial polymerization.

scholarly journals Influence of Multidimensional Graphene Oxide (GO) Sheets on Anti-Biofouling and Desalination Performance of Thin-Film Composite Membranes: Effects of GO Lateral Sizes and Oxidation Degree

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 2860
Author(s):  
Bárbara E. Rodríguez ◽  
María Magdalena Armendariz-Ontiveros ◽  
Rodrigo Quezada ◽  
Esther A. Huitrón-Segovia ◽  
Humberto Estay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Water Flow ◽  
Size Group ◽  
Polymerization Reaction ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Film Composite ◽  
Thin Film Composite

The influence of the lateral size and the content of graphene oxide (GO) flakes in specific oxygenate functional groups on the anti-biofouling properties and performance of thin-film composite membrane (TFC) was studied. Three different multidimensional GO samples were prepared with small (500–1200 nm), medium (1200–2300 nm), and large (2300–3600 nm) size distribution, and with different degrees of oxidation (GO3 > GO2 > GO1), varying the concentration of the hydrogen peroxide amount during GO synthesis. GO1 sheets’ length have a heterogeneous size distribution containing all size groups, whilst GO2 is contained in a medium-size group, and GO3 is totally contained within a small-size group. Moreover, GO oxygenate groups were controlled. GO2 and GO3 have hydroxyl and epoxy groups at the basal plane of their sheets. Meanwhile, GO1 presented only hydroxyl groups. GO sheets were incorporated into the polyamide (PA) layer of the TFC membrane during the interfacial polymerization reaction. The incorporation of GO1 produced a modified membrane with excellent bactericidal properties and anti-adhesion capacity, as well as superior desalination performance with high water flow (133% as compared with the unmodified membrane). For GO2 and GO3, despite the significant anti-biofouling effect, a detrimental impact on desalination performance was observed. The high content of large sheets in GO2 and small sheet stacking in GO3 produced an unfavorable impact on the water flow. Therefore, the synergistic effect due to the presence of large- and small-sized GO sheets and high content of OH-functional groups (GO1) made it possible to balance the performance of the membrane.

scholarly journals Acid-Resistance Enhancement of Thin-Film Composite Membrane Using Barrier Effect of Graphene Oxide Nanosheets

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 3151
Author(s):  
Hee-Ro Chae ◽  
In-Chul Kim ◽  
Young-Nam Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Acid Resistance ◽  
Barrier Effect ◽  
Graphene Oxide Nanosheets ◽  
Film Composite ◽  
Membrane Selectivity ◽  
Thin Film Composite ◽  
Acid Reaction ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes

In this study, the effect of graphene oxide nanosheets (GONs) embedded in a thin-film composite (TFC) polyamide (PA) membrane on the acid resistance of the membrane was investigated by comparison with the effect of oxidized single-walled carbon nanotubes (o-SWNTs). Both GONs and o-SWNTs increased the hydrophilicity of the membranes and caused the formation of ridges and clustered bumps on the surfaces, resulting in slightly improved water permeability. However, the o-SWNTs-embedded membrane did not show a difference in acid resistance depending on the concentration of embedded material, but the acid resistance of the GONs-embedded membrane increased with increasing concentration. The acid resistance of the GONs-embedded membranes appears to be mainly due to the barrier effect caused by the nanosheet shape of the GONs along with a sacrificial role of the PA layer protruded by the addition of GONs and the decrease of acid reaction sites by the hydrogen bonding between GONs and PA. When the TFC PA membrane was prepared with a high amount (300 ppm) of the GONs without considering aggregation of GONs, membrane selectivity exceeding 95% was maintained 4.7 times longer than the control TFC membrane. This study shows that the acid resistance can be enhanced by the use of GONs, which give a barrier effect to the membrane.

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