scholarly journals The Role of Cytology in the Diagnosis of Metastatic Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Reports ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Jui-Chung Wang ◽  
Jui-Ting Hu ◽  
Chih-Yu Hsu
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Excisional Biopsy ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Primary Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Bronchial Biopsy ◽  
Diagnostic Role ◽  
Risk Patients ◽  
Needle Aspiration Cytology ◽  
Metastatic Sites ◽  
Conclusive Diagnosis

The diagnosis of primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in high risk patients, such as those with chronic hepatitis B or C with/without cirrhosis of the liver, can be made with relevant image studies alone; however, morphologic confirmation by cytology or histopathology is essential to the diagnosis of metastatic HCC because the treatment of the latter differs from that of primary extrahepatic malignancy. Although both cytology and histopathology are important tools in the diagnosis of malignancy, histopathology almost always plays a confirmatory and pivotal role, and also a gold standard in cyto-histological correlation. We present two patients of metastatic HCC to rare sites; endobronchus in one, and neck lymph nodes, face and the abdominal wall in the other. Repeated bronchial biopsy in the first patient and excisional biopsy from the metastatic sites of the second patient failed to make a conclusive diagnosis of metastatic HCC. However, bronchial brushing in the first patient and fine needle aspiration cytology from the respective metastatic sites of the second patient consistently showed characteristic HCC features and provided clinicians with the rationale for ongoing treatment. The diagnostic issues and possible pitfalls are discussed. Cytology and histopathology appear equipollent; sometimes cytology can play a diagnostic role when histopathology fails its expected role in this scenario.

scholarly journals Role of FNAC in Hepatic lesions: Risk of track metastases

2015 ◽  
Vol 04 (01) ◽  
pp. 035-037 ◽  
Author(s):  
Challa Vasu Reddy ◽  
Y. G. Basavana Goud ◽  
R. Poornima ◽  
Vijayalakshmi Deshmane ◽  
B. A. Madhusudhana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Metastatic Breast ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Primary Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Advanced Malignancy ◽  
Needle Aspiration Cytology ◽  
Hepatic Lesions ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Abstract Background: Liver is one of the most common site of metastases in patients with malignancy and the evaluation of space occupying lesions (SOL) of liver in patients with malignancy is important. Its important to differentiate benign from malignant to take necessary decisions. Materials and Methods: We have performed a retrospective analysis of liver SOLs for which fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) was done in the year 2011. Risks and benefits associated with FNAC were evaluated. Results: We analyzed 755 patients who underwent FNAC of which 524 patients had secondary metastases to liver, 148 patients had primary hepatocellular carcinoma, 14 cases were benign neoplasms and 53 were nonneoplastic conditions. Histological correlation with FNAC was available in 112 patients. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy were 93%, 90.9%, 98.9%, 58.8%, and 92.8%, respectively. Though there were no incidence of bleeding, two patients developed track metastases following FNAC. One was a case of Hepatocellular carcinoma and the other a case of metastatic breast cancer. Conclusion: FNAC was very much useful in our setup where most of the patients could not afford for Computer tomography (CT) scan and was useful in counseling them especially in patients with advanced malignancy where no active cancer directed therapy is required.

Reasons for Failure of Physical Examination in Breast Cancer Detection (Analysis of 232 False-Negative Cases)

1983 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
pp. 531-537 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaetano Cardona ◽  
Luigi Cataliotti ◽  
Stefano Ciatto ◽  
Marco Rosselli Del Turco
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Physical Examination ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Lower Sensitivity ◽  
Younger Women ◽  
Detection Analysis ◽  
Diagnostic Role ◽  
Needle Aspiration Cytology

The diagnostic role of physical examination (PE) is evaluated in 1450 cases of breast cancer detected in 34,677 women controlled at the Centro per lo Studio e la Prevenzione Oncologica in the period 1974–1981. In 47 cancer cases, PE findings were normal since the neoplasm was not clinically palpable because of its size and site, and in another 185 cases the clinical diagnosis was benignancy without evidence of suspect signs. Therefore, the overall sensitivity of PE was 84%. PE errors did not involve a therapeutic delay for the patient in 75% of cases in which a biopsy was recommended for clinical benignancy or for suspicion on the basis of other diagnostic methods. The present study confirms that PE has a good diagnostic sensitivity when the examined population is represented by self-referred women, who for the most part are symptomatic, whereas it cannot be considered as the only diagnostic test for early diagnosis in mass screening, since in asymptomatic women a large number of cancers are not clinically palpable. Moreover, PE shows lower sensitivity for small lesions and in younger women. Extensive use of fine needle aspiration cytology and other diagnostic methods in association with PE is therefore recommended to reduce the possibility of errors.

Silicone lymphadenopathy: an unexpected cause of neck lumps

2012 ◽  
Vol 126 (9) ◽  
pp. 970-973 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Omakobia ◽  
G Porter ◽  
S Armstrong ◽  
K Denton
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Breast Augmentation ◽  
English Language ◽  
Breast Implant ◽  
Excisional Biopsy ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Lymph Node Involvement ◽  
Supraclavicular Lymph Nodes ◽  
Node Involvement ◽  
Needle Aspiration Cytology

AbstractObjective:To report a rare case of silicone lymphadenopathy solely affecting the left supraclavicular lymph nodes.Case report:Our patient presented with a painless swelling in the left supraclavicular region. Notably, she had previously undergone cosmetic breast augmentation using silicone-containing implants. Radiological imaging and subsequent excisional biopsy of the swelling produced findings consistent with a silicone foreign body reaction secondary to bilateral breast implant rupture.Conclusion:Silicone lymphadenopathy following breast augmentation primarily affects the axillary nodes. Supraclavicular lymph node involvement is unusual. To our knowledge, this is the first report in the English language literature of silicone lymphadenopathy manifesting solely in the supraclavicular lymph nodes. Although the need to exclude malignancy in such cases is of the utmost importance, silicone lymphadenopathy should also be considered in the differential diagnosis. Fine needle aspiration cytology is a useful initial investigation, which may be followed up by excisional biopsy and histological analysis for further confirmatory diagnostic information.

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