scholarly journals Mean-Variance Optimization Is a Good Choice, But for Other Reasons than You Might Think

Risks ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Rigamonti
Keyword(s):  
Portfolio Optimization ◽  
Asset Allocation ◽  
Risk Measures ◽  
Traditional Approach ◽  
Real Data ◽  
Downside Risk ◽  
Good Choice ◽  
Mean Variance Portfolio ◽  
Mean Variance ◽  
Allocation Decisions

Mean-variance portfolio optimization is more popular than optimization procedures that employ downside risk measures such as the semivariance, despite the latter being more in line with the preferences of a rational investor. We describe strengths and weaknesses of semivariance and how to minimize it for asset allocation decisions. We then apply this approach to a variety of simulated and real data and show that the traditional approach based on the variance generally outperforms it. The results hold even if the CVaR is used, because all downside risk measures are difficult to estimate. The popularity of variance as a measure of risk appears therefore to be rationally justified.

Out-of-sample performance of the Black-Litterman model

2021 ◽  
pp. 29-51
Author(s):  
Frieder Meyer-Bullerdiek
Keyword(s):  
Portfolio Optimization ◽  
Portfolio Management ◽  
Asset Allocation ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Stock Index ◽  
Out Of Sample ◽  
Weighted Portfolio ◽  
German Stock ◽  
Mean Variance Portfolio ◽  
Mean Variance

The aim of this paper is to test the out-of-sample performance of the Black Litterman (BL) model for a German stock portfolio compared to the traditional mean-variance optimized (MV) portfolio, the German stock index DAX, a reference portfolio, and an equally weighted portfolio. The BL model was developed as an alternative approach to portfolio optimization many years ago and has gained attention in practical portfolio management. However, in the literature, there are not many studies that analyze the out-of-sample performance of the model in comparison to other asset allocation strategies. The BL model combines implied returns and subjective return forecasts. In this study, for each stock, sample means of historical returns are employed as subjective return forecasts. The empirical analysis shows that the BL portfolio performs significantly better than the DAX, the reference portfolio and the equally weighted portfolio. However, overall, it is slightly outperformed by the MV portfolio. Nevertheless, the BL portfolio may be of greater interest to investors because -according to this study, where the subjective return forecasts are based on historical returns of a rather long past period of time-it could lead in most cases to lower absolute (normalized) values for the stock weights and for all stocks to smaller fluctuations in the (normalized) weights compared to the MV portfolio. JEL classification numbers: C61, G11. Keywords: Black-Litterman, Mean-variance, Portfolio optimization, Performance.

scholarly journals Portfolio Optimization Constrained by Performance Attribution

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 201
Author(s):  
Yuan Hu ◽  
W. Brent Lindquist ◽  
Svetlozar T. Rachev
Keyword(s):  
Portfolio Optimization ◽  
Asset Allocation ◽  
Value At Risk ◽  
Risk Measures ◽  
Risk Measure ◽  
Selection Effect ◽  
Conditional Value At Risk ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Performance Attribution ◽  
Dow Jones Industrial Average

This paper investigates performance attribution measures as a basis for constraining portfolio optimization. We employ optimizations that minimize conditional value-at-risk and investigate two performance attributes, asset allocation (AA) and the selection effect (SE), as constraints on asset weights. The test portfolio consists of stocks from the Dow Jones Industrial Average index. Values for the performance attributes are established relative to two benchmarks, equi-weighted and price-weighted portfolios of the same stocks. Performance of the optimized portfolios is judged using comparisons of cumulative price and the risk-measures: maximum drawdown, Sharpe ratio, Sortino–Satchell ratio and Rachev ratio. The results suggest that achieving SE performance thresholds requires larger turnover values than that required for achieving comparable AA thresholds. The results also suggest a positive role in price and risk-measure performance for the imposition of constraints on AA and SE.

scholarly journals An Improvement of Stochastic Gradient Descent Approach for Mean-Variance Portfolio Optimization Problem

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Stephanie S. W. Su ◽  
Sie Long Kek
Keyword(s):  
Portfolio Optimization ◽  
Standard Error ◽  
Gradient Descent ◽  
Optimization Problem ◽  
Stochastic Gradient Descent ◽  
Moment Estimation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Portfolio Optimization Problem ◽  
Mean Variance Portfolio ◽  
Mean Variance

In this paper, the current variant technique of the stochastic gradient descent (SGD) approach, namely, the adaptive moment estimation (Adam) approach, is improved by adding the standard error in the updating rule. The aim is to fasten the convergence rate of the Adam algorithm. This improvement is termed as Adam with standard error (AdamSE) algorithm. On the other hand, the mean-variance portfolio optimization model is formulated from the historical data of the rate of return of the S&P 500 stock, 10-year Treasury bond, and money market. The application of SGD, Adam, adaptive moment estimation with maximum (AdaMax), Nesterov-accelerated adaptive moment estimation (Nadam), AMSGrad, and AdamSE algorithms to solve the mean-variance portfolio optimization problem is further investigated. During the calculation procedure, the iterative solution converges to the optimal portfolio solution. It is noticed that the AdamSE algorithm has the smallest iteration number. The results show that the rate of convergence of the Adam algorithm is significantly enhanced by using the AdamSE algorithm. In conclusion, the efficiency of the improved Adam algorithm using the standard error has been expressed. Furthermore, the applicability of SGD, Adam, AdaMax, Nadam, AMSGrad, and AdamSE algorithms in solving the mean-variance portfolio optimization problem is validated.

The Black-Litterman Model for Portfolio Optimization on Vietnam Stock Market

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (Supp01) ◽  
pp. 99-111
Author(s):  
Bao Quoc Ta ◽  
Thao Vuong
Keyword(s):  
Stock Market ◽  
Portfolio Optimization ◽  
Portfolio Management ◽  
Asset Allocation ◽  
Market Equilibrium ◽  
Management Model ◽  
Optimal Portfolios ◽  
Allocation Model ◽  
Allocation Process ◽  
Allocation Decisions

The Black-Litterman asset allocation model is an extended portfolio management model to construct optimal portfolios by combining the market equilibrium with investor views into asset allocation decisions. In this paper we apply Black-Litterman model for portfolio optimization on Vietnames stock market. We chose ARIMA methodology utilized in financial econonometrics to predict the views of investor which are used as inputs of the Black-Litterman asset allocation process to find optimal portfolio and weights.

Portfolio Optimization Model for Asset Allocation Problem Based on Alternative Risk Measures

2021 ◽  
pp. 673-693
Author(s):  
Anna Andreevna Malakhova ◽  
Elena Nikolaevna Sochneva ◽  
Svetlana Anatolyevna Yarkova ◽  
Anastasiya Vladimirovna Yarkova ◽  
Olga Valeryevna Starova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Portfolio Optimization ◽  
Asset Allocation ◽  
Optimization Model ◽  
Risk Measures ◽  
Allocation Problem ◽  
Portfolio Optimization Model

scholarly journals Mean–variance portfolio optimization when means and covariances are unknown

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (2A) ◽  
pp. 798-823 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tze Leung Lai ◽  
Haipeng Xing ◽  
Zehao Chen
Keyword(s):  
Portfolio Optimization ◽  
Mean Variance Portfolio ◽  
Mean Variance
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