scholarly journals Activity Patterns of Black Bears in Relation to Sex, Season, and Daily Movement Rates

2011 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 388-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesse S. Lewis ◽  
Janet L. Rachlow
Keyword(s):  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Black Bears ◽  
Daily Movement ◽  
Movement Rates

scholarly journals Extensive daily movement rates measured in territorial arctic foxes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie‐Pier Poulin ◽  
Jeanne Clermont ◽  
Dominique Berteaux
Keyword(s):  
Daily Movement ◽  
Movement Rates ◽  
Arctic Foxes

Daily Activity Patterns of Female Black Bears in a Northern Mixed-Forest Environment

1994 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 613-620 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Lariviare ◽  
J. Huot ◽  
C. Samson
Keyword(s):  
Daily Activity ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Mixed Forest ◽  
Black Bears ◽  
Forest Environment ◽  
Daily Activity Patterns

scholarly journals Treatment of two Asiatic black bears (Ursus thibetanus) with severe injuries and their subsequent release into the wild: a case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong-Hyuk Jeong ◽  
Kwangsik Jang ◽  
Jeong-Jin Yang ◽  
Joo-Yeul Choi ◽  
Seung-Hyo Lim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wildlife Conservation ◽  
Plate Fixation ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Home Range Size ◽  
Black Bears ◽  
Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 ◽  
Severe Injuries ◽  
Daily Movement ◽  
Ursus Thibetanus ◽  
Human Contact

Abstract Background The rehabilitation of injured wildlife and their subsequent release into the wild is a humane act as well as important in wildlife conservation. However, little is known about the animals’ fate after release. Therefore, to address these uncertainties, it is essential to adequately describe how the injured animals were treated and managed before releasing into the wild; moreover, post-release monitoring should also be performed. Herein, we document for the first time the process of rescue, surgery, and rehabilitation of severely injured Asiatic black bears (Ursus thibetanus; endangered species in South Korea) and their fate after returning to the wild. Case presentation A six-year-old female (bear-01) and a three-year-old male (bear-02) bears were injured by an illegal snare and collision with a bus, respectively. Bear-01 had broad muscle necrosis and ruptures from the snared ankle on the right thoracic limb, with myiasis, and elbow disarticulation was performed. In bear-02, a non-reducible comminuted fracture of the left humerus was confirmed radiologically, and the operation was performed by using dual plate fixation with hydroxyapatite and recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2. The bear-01 and -02 were completely healed approximately 30 and 60 days after surgery, respectively. After that, they underwent rehabilitation for 8 and 25 days, respectively, in an outdoor enclosure similar to their natural habitat. Bear-01 and -02 were released into the wild after 45 and 99 days after surgery, respectively, and their mean daily movement distance during the first 30 days after releasing was 2.9 ± 2.1 and 1.3 ± 1.6 km, respectively. The annual mean 95% Kernel home-range size of bear-01 and bear-02 was 265.8 and 486.9 km2, respectively. They hibernated every winter, gained weight, gave birth to cubs (bear-01), were not found to have any abnormalities in the veterinary tests, and were not involved in any conflicts with humans after returning to the wild. Conclusions Bears without one leg or those with dual plates could adapt well in their natural habitat, which shows that our surgical and post-operative treatments were effective. Additionally, minimizing human contact and observing/evaluating behavior during the rehabilitation is essential in reducing human-bear conflicts after release.

scholarly journals The Clock Keeps Ticking: Circadian Rhythms of Free-Ranging Polar Bears

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jasmine V. Ware ◽  
Karyn D. Rode ◽  
Charles T. Robbins ◽  
Tanya Leise ◽  
Colby R. Weil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythms ◽  
Sea Ice ◽  
Behavioral Plasticity ◽  
Prey Availability ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Constant Darkness ◽  
Polar Bears ◽  
Cold Temperatures ◽  
Daily Movement

Life in the Arctic presents organisms with multiple challenges, including extreme photic conditions, cold temperatures, and annual loss and daily movement of sea ice. Polar bears ( Ursus maritimus) evolved under these unique conditions, where they rely on ice to hunt their main prey, seals. However, very little is known about the dynamics of their daily and seasonal activity patterns. For many organisms, activity is synchronized (entrained) to the earth’s day/night cycle, in part via an endogenous (circadian) timekeeping mechanism. The present study used collar-mounted accelerometer and global positioning system data from 122 female polar bears in the Chukchi and Southern Beaufort Seas collected over an 8-year period to characterize activity patterns over the calendar year and to determine if circadian rhythms are expressed under the constant conditions found in the Arctic. We reveal that the majority of polar bears (80%) exhibited rhythmic activity for the duration of their recordings. Collectively within the rhythmic bear cohort, circadian rhythms were detected during periods of constant daylight (June-August; 24.40 ± 1.39 h, mean ± SD) and constant darkness (23.89 ± 1.72 h). Exclusive of denning periods (November-April), the time of peak activity remained relatively stable (acrophases: ~1200-1400 h) for most of the year, suggesting either entrainment or masking. However, activity patterns shifted during the spring feeding and seal pupping season, as evidenced by an acrophase inversion to ~2400 h in April, followed by highly variable timing of activity across bears in May. Intriguingly, despite the dynamic environmental photoperiodic conditions, unpredictable daily timing of prey availability, and high between-animal variability, the average duration of activity (alpha) remained stable (11.2 ± 2.9 h) for most of the year. Together, these results reveal a high degree of behavioral plasticity in polar bears while also retaining circadian rhythmicity. Whether this degree of plasticity will benefit polar bears faced with a loss of sea ice remains to be determined.

scholarly journals Winter distribution of woodland caribou in relation to clear-cut logging in west-central Alberta

2000 ◽  
Vol 78 (8) ◽  
pp. 1433-1440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirby G Smith ◽  
E Janet Ficht ◽  
David Hobson ◽  
Troy C Sorensen ◽  
David Hervieux
Keyword(s):  
Rangifer Tarandus ◽  
Timber Harvest ◽  
Timber Harvesting ◽  
Home Range Size ◽  
Woodland Caribou ◽  
Daily Movement ◽  
Movement Rates ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Winter Range ◽  
West Central

The responses of a herd of migratory woodland caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou) to timber harvesting that fragmented about 11% of their winter range in west-central Alberta were examined in this study. From 1981 to 1996, 45 caribou were radio-collared and monitored during the initiation and completion of first-pass timber harvest (50% removal). Variables examined were home-range size, daily movement rates, and distance to the nearest cut block for radio-collared individuals. Daily movement rates and individual winter range sizes decreased as timber harvesting progressed. Caribou avoided using recently fragmented areas by an average of 1.2 km. If fragmentation of the winter range continues through timber harvesting and other industrial activities, the "spacing out" antipredator strategy used by caribou may be compromised. Based on these findings, timber-harvesting strategies are recommended that (i) ensure an adequate area of usable habitat to support the current population, (ii) minimize the amount of fragmented area, and (iii) in the short term avoid presently defined core use areas.

Activity patterns of American black bears in Yosemite National Park

Ursus ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean M. Matthews ◽  
John J. Beecham ◽  
Howard Quigley ◽  
Schuyler S. Greenleaf ◽  
H. Malia Leithead
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Black Bears ◽  
Yosemite National Park ◽  
American Black ◽  
American Black Bears

scholarly journals Wild Boar (Sus scrofa) Home Range and Habitat Use in Two Romanian Habitats

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ferenc Jánoska ◽  
Attila Farkas ◽  
Miklós Marosán ◽  
József-Tamás Fodor
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Use ◽  
Wild Boar ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Large Carnivores ◽  
Minimum Convex Polygon ◽  
Wild Boars ◽  
Daily Movement ◽  
Gps Collars ◽  
Polygon Method ◽  
Diverse Habitat

Abstract During our research we utilized data provided by GPS collars to compare the spatial patterns of wild boars living in lowland and high-hilly regions. Five wild boars were fitted with GPS Plus (Vectronic) type collars. The two aforementioned investigated habitat areas were as follows: a high-hilly hunting ground from the foot of the Bodoc Mountains (Covasna County), and the meeting point of Olt and Danube rivers in the southern part of the country (Teleorman County). The average daily wild boar activity varied between 2.9 and 3.1 km in the lowlands and between 3.6 and 4.9 km in the higher situated habitats. The average daily movement area calculated with the minimum convex polygon method was between 60.3 and 112.5 ha/day in the lowlands and between 113.5 and 125.2 ha/day in the high-hilly regions. The movement area of the wild boars calculated with the MCP method varied between 1,060 and 1,2001 hectares in lowlands and between 8,689 and 9,463 hectares in higher altitudes. Our data proved inadequate at testing whether or not large carnivores affect wild boar activity patterns. Habitat use analysis produced interesting results: even in a very diverse habitat, every collared individual preferred green forests. We found negative preference for agricultural fields in both habitats.

scholarly journals Use of satellite telemetry data, GIS, and HTML to create an interactive display of caribou movements

Rangifer ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 101
Author(s):  
Alexander K. Prichard ◽  
Geoffry M. Carroll ◽  
John C. George ◽  
Stephen M. Murphy ◽  
Mike D. Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Public ◽  
Annual Variation ◽  
Satellite Telemetry ◽  
Telemetry Data ◽  
Daily Movement ◽  
Movement Rates ◽  
Interactive Display ◽  
Wintering Areas

The use of animation clearly reveals the large annual variation in wintering areas and large differences in daily movement rates for this herd. This interactive display can be adapted for school groups, subsistence hunters, the general public, or scientists.

scholarly journals Effect of sex, age, and reproductive status on daily activity levels and activity patterns in jaguars (Panthera onca)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Włodzimierz Jędrzejewski ◽  
Ilad Vivas ◽  
Maria Abarca ◽  
Margarita Lampo ◽  
Luis G. Morales ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activity Pattern ◽  
Daily Activity ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Reproductive Status ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Movement Activity ◽  
Daily Movement ◽  
Reproductive Females

AbstractAll animals, including carnivores, adapt their daily activity duration and distribution to satisfy food demands, breed, or avoid mortality risk. We used the kernel density method to estimate daily movement activity levels and movement activity patterns of jaguars in Hato Piñero, in Venezuelan Western Llanos, based on 3,656 jaguar detection time records from two and a half years of camera trapping. Jaguars were active for 11.7 h per day on average and exhibited mostly nocturnal and crepuscular activity pattern, however, with marked differences between sex/age/reproductive groups. Reproductive females had the highest daily activity level (13.2 h/day), followed by adult males (10.9 h/day), non-reproductive females (10.5 h/day), and cubs (8.7 h/day). Activity patterns also differed, with males and reproductive females having activity peaks at the same hours after sunset and before sunrise, cubs in the night and after sunrise, while non-reproductive females were most active during night hours. This study was the first to document the effect of sex, age, and reproductive status on daily level and activity pattern in the jaguar.

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