scholarly journals Treatment of two Asiatic black bears (Ursus thibetanus) with severe injuries and their subsequent release into the wild: a case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong-Hyuk Jeong ◽  
Kwangsik Jang ◽  
Jeong-Jin Yang ◽  
Joo-Yeul Choi ◽  
Seung-Hyo Lim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wildlife Conservation ◽  
Plate Fixation ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Home Range Size ◽  
Black Bears ◽  
Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 ◽  
Severe Injuries ◽  
Daily Movement ◽  
Ursus Thibetanus ◽  
Human Contact

Abstract Background The rehabilitation of injured wildlife and their subsequent release into the wild is a humane act as well as important in wildlife conservation. However, little is known about the animals’ fate after release. Therefore, to address these uncertainties, it is essential to adequately describe how the injured animals were treated and managed before releasing into the wild; moreover, post-release monitoring should also be performed. Herein, we document for the first time the process of rescue, surgery, and rehabilitation of severely injured Asiatic black bears (Ursus thibetanus; endangered species in South Korea) and their fate after returning to the wild. Case presentation A six-year-old female (bear-01) and a three-year-old male (bear-02) bears were injured by an illegal snare and collision with a bus, respectively. Bear-01 had broad muscle necrosis and ruptures from the snared ankle on the right thoracic limb, with myiasis, and elbow disarticulation was performed. In bear-02, a non-reducible comminuted fracture of the left humerus was confirmed radiologically, and the operation was performed by using dual plate fixation with hydroxyapatite and recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2. The bear-01 and -02 were completely healed approximately 30 and 60 days after surgery, respectively. After that, they underwent rehabilitation for 8 and 25 days, respectively, in an outdoor enclosure similar to their natural habitat. Bear-01 and -02 were released into the wild after 45 and 99 days after surgery, respectively, and their mean daily movement distance during the first 30 days after releasing was 2.9 ± 2.1 and 1.3 ± 1.6 km, respectively. The annual mean 95% Kernel home-range size of bear-01 and bear-02 was 265.8 and 486.9 km2, respectively. They hibernated every winter, gained weight, gave birth to cubs (bear-01), were not found to have any abnormalities in the veterinary tests, and were not involved in any conflicts with humans after returning to the wild. Conclusions Bears without one leg or those with dual plates could adapt well in their natural habitat, which shows that our surgical and post-operative treatments were effective. Additionally, minimizing human contact and observing/evaluating behavior during the rehabilitation is essential in reducing human-bear conflicts after release.

scholarly journals Rehabilitation as a conservation tool: a case studyusing the common wombat

2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 310 ◽  
Author(s):  
K A Saran ◽  
G Parker ◽  
R Parker ◽  
C R Dickman
Keyword(s):  
Wildlife Management ◽  
Wildlife Conservation ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Good Survival ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Human Contact ◽  
Wildlife Rehabilitation ◽  
Common Wombat ◽  
The Common

Wildlife rehabilitation seeks to return healthy animals back to their natural habitat with good survival prospects,and hence contribute to the persistence of their populations. However, the effectiveness of rehabilitation remains largelyundocumented, and its utility as a conservation tool is unclear. In this paper, we document the rehabilitation successof a large, herbivorous marsupial, the common wombat (Vombatus ursinus), and use the findings as a case study toevaluate the contribution that rehabilitation can make to wildlife conservation. Using a database of 54 orphaned wombatsmonitored for up to eight years, we found that 81.5% of young survived to release and, of those, 77.3% were alivein the wild by the end of the study. Survival during rehabilitation was greater for larger, older animals, but influencedalso by problems during care, reaction to human contact following weaning and, in particular, the responses ofindividuals to treatment. No factors associated with rescue condition, rehabilitation or release affected survival of animalsonce returned to the wild, suggesting that wombats were not disadvantaged by their progression through rehabilitation.We provide brief recommendations to improve rehabilitation success for wombats. We conclude that rehabilitation isan under-recognized but potentially valuable conservation tool, and suggest that it is timely to consider its contributionto wildlife management more generally.

Electroejaculation and semen characteristics of Asiatic Black bears (Ursus thibetanus)

2007 ◽  
Vol 101 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 358-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.M. Chen ◽  
R. Hou ◽  
Z.H. Zhang ◽  
J.S. Wang ◽  
X.R. An ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Black Bears ◽  
Ursus Thibetanus ◽  
Semen Characteristics

scholarly journals Foot-and-mouth disease in Asiatic black bears (Ursus thibetanus)

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 705-713 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirsty Officer ◽  
Nguyen Thi Lan ◽  
Leanne Wicker ◽  
Nguyen Thi Hoa ◽  
Annemarie Weegenaar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
Black Bears ◽  
Ursus Thibetanus ◽  
Foot And Mouth

scholarly journals Does hard mast production affect patterns of cementum annuli formation in premolar teeth of Asian black bears (Ursus thibetanus)?

PLoS ONE ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. e0211561
Author(s):  
Kahoko Tochigi ◽  
Yukino Aoki ◽  
Tetsuya Maruyama ◽  
Koji Yamazaki ◽  
Chinatsu Kozakai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Black Bears ◽  
Ursus Thibetanus ◽  
Mast Production

scholarly journals Movements of the Eastern Ribbonsnake (Thamnophis sauritus) in Nova Scotia

2016 ◽  
Vol 129 (4) ◽  
pp. 379
Author(s):  
T. L. Imlay ◽  
J. Saroli ◽  
T. B. Herman ◽  
S. W. Mockford
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Annual Variation ◽  
Prey Availability ◽  
Home Range Size ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Suitable Habitat ◽  
Home Ranges ◽  
Daily Movement ◽  
The Status ◽  
Best Fit

The disjunct Eastern Ribbonsnake (Thamnophis sauritus) population in southwest Nova Scotia is listed as “threatened” by the committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada. A study of the movements of the species at two lakeshore locations known to support a high density of Eastern Ribbonsnakes was undertaken in 2007 and 2008. Average seasonal movements at both sites ranged from 17 m to 84 m for juvenile snakes and 21 m to 130 m for adults; one neonate was recaptured during the study after travelling 32 m. The maximum distance travelled by an individual snake was 391 m in one season. The best-fit model to explain differences in daily movement patterns included year (P = 0.041), indicating that there is annual variation in the movements of this species. Low recapture rates precluded accurate estimates of home-range size, which varied roughly from 0.16 ha to 0.78 ha. Both movements and home ranges were larger than previously documented in Nova Scotia, but maximum distances travelled were consistent with a previous study in Michigan. Most documented movements were along the lakeshore within contiguous, suitable habitat. More work is needed to understand the frequency of large movements and triggers that initiate movements, e.g., changes in water levels, habitat suitability, or prey availability.

Expressions of Steroidogenic Enzymes mRNA in the Testes of Japanese Black Bears (Ursus thibetanus japonicus) as Revealed by in situ Hybridization.

2008 ◽  
Vol 78 (Suppl_1) ◽  
pp. 297-297
Author(s):  
Ruriko Iibuchi ◽  
Junko Nio-Kobayashi ◽  
Sachiko Nakamura ◽  
Makoto Asano ◽  
Toshihiko Iwanaga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Black Bears ◽  
Steroidogenic Enzymes ◽  
Ursus Thibetanus

Relationships among changes of serum leptin concentration, leptin mRNA expression in white adipose tissue (WAT), and WAT fat-cell size in female Japanese black bears (Ursus thibetanus japonicus)

2008 ◽  
Vol 86 (9) ◽  
pp. 1042-1049 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Nakamura ◽  
T. Okano ◽  
H. Shibata ◽  
M. Saito ◽  
T. Komatsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Cell Size ◽  
White Adipose Tissue ◽  
Black Bears ◽  
Fat Cell ◽  
Serum Leptin ◽  
Ursus Thibetanus ◽  
Fat Cell Size ◽  
The Relationship

As a first step to study the relationship between fat accumulation and reproductive success in Japanese black bears ( Ursus thibetanus japonicus Schlegel, 1857) with the focus on leptin, we determined leptin cDNA sequences in the bears. Next, we studied the possibility of white adipose tissue (WAT) as a leptin secretion source by observing the changes of leptin mRNA expression in WAT by semiquantitative real-time reverse transcript – polymerase chain reaction, the index of WAT fat-cell size, and serum leptin concentration in pregnant bears. Then, based on our results, we discussed roles of leptin in those bears. The amino acid sequences of leptin from the bears were highly identical to that of other carnivores. The expression of leptin mRNA in WAT was detected from September to January, with a tendency to increase in late November and January; the relationship between changes in the index of WAT fat-cell size and those in serum leptin concentration was high (r = 0.55, P < 0.01), with an increase in both in mid-November. These results suggested that leptin was mainly secreted from WAT in bears and that serum leptin concentrations might reflect their nutritional condition. Moreover, leptin might serve as an indicator of their fat mass, which would affect their survival during hibernation and their reproductive success.

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