scholarly journals Adherence to tuberculosis care in Canadian Aboriginal populations Part 1: definition, measurement, responsibility, barriers

2011 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela Orr
2020 ◽  
pp. 61-68
Author(s):  
Elena Borodulina ◽  
Elena Yakovleva

The article discusses the tuberculosis care system for the Samara Province population in the 19th – mid-20th century based on archive documents, it also provides the historical reconstruction of Postnikov N.V., MD, Kumis Treatment Facility, studies V.Yu. Maslovskiy's contribution to the tuberculosis care system establishment. Kumis treatment was one of the most common methods that advanced on the cusp of the 19th and 20th centuries thanks to the works by Postnikov N.V., MD, a graduate of the Medical Faculty, the Moscow University. Samara Governor Grot K.K. assisted Postnikov N.V. in the Kumis Treatment Facility establishment. The Kumis Treatment Facility opened on May 5, 1858. Based on N.V. Postnikov's records, kumis can be regarded as a pathogenic agent in TB treatment. Kumis was the main, but not the only, treatment method: Postnikov N.V. reports names and dosages of many drugs known to physicians in the 19th century. No less significant is the contribution made by Viktor Maslovskiy, one of the founders of the Samara branch of the AllRussian League Against Tuberculosis.


2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-179
Author(s):  
Bruce Hocking ◽  
Michael Lowe ◽  
Tricia Nagel ◽  
Caroline Phillips ◽  
Melissa Lindeman ◽  
...  

AbstractBackground:A high prevalence of dementia among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders has been reported but knowledge of underlying causes and associations remains limited.Objective:To identify the prevalence of factors that may be associated with the categories of Major neurocognitive disorders (Major NCDs) in Aboriginal people living in residential aged care facilities in Alice Springs in the Northern Territory (NT).Design and Setting:This descriptive cross-sectional study analysed clinical file and cognitive assessment data of participants who were identified as having cognitive impairment between January and June 2016.Method:Screening for the presence of cognitive impairment using the Kimberley Indigenous Cognitive Assessment (KICA) was undertaken and 58 of 84 Aboriginal people were admitted to the study. Using a clinical file audit, diagnoses of Major NCDs consistent with the DSM-5 classification were made and the prevalence of factors possibly associated with these diagnoses described.Results:Fifty of the 58 participants were diagnosed with a Major NCD. The most frequent diagnoses were Major NCD due to vascular disease (30%), Major NCD due to Alzheimer’s Disease (26%) and Major NCD due to brain injury (20%). Hypertension, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and alcohol misuse were commonly reported together with hypothyroidism, hypoglycaemia and vitamin D deficiency.Conclusion(s):This study identified possible associations with Major NCDs in this population as well as a different spread of Major NCD diagnoses to previous studies in Aboriginal populations. There is a need for further research to understand the causes of dementia in Australian Aboriginal people and to use this information to appropriately tailor treatment and prevention programmes.


2001 ◽  
Vol 126 (3) ◽  
pp. 373-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. B. MAK ◽  
D. W. SMITH ◽  
G. B. HARNETT ◽  
A. J. PLANT

Several epidemics of gonococcal conjunctivitis have occurred in Aboriginal populations in Central Australia. In 1997, the first outbreak in the Kimberley region of Western Australia occurred, spreading to Central Australia with a total of 447 cases. A genotyping method was applied directly to DNA extracted from patient samples to characterize the gonococcus causing the epidemic and to compare it with contemporaneous genital isolates. Those positive conjunctival specimens from Kimberley and Central Australia that could be genotyped were all indistinguishable, but were distinct from the genital gonococci, even when they shared the same auxotype and serotype. This suggested that the outbreak was due to a single genotype of Neisseria gonorrhoeae that had probably been carried between communities by infected individuals. We did not find evidence to support the existence of a genital reservoir of the types causing epidemic gonococcal conjunctivitis.


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