Creativity: a Driver for Research on Robotics in Open Environments

2016 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 205-219
Author(s):  
Stéphane Doncieux
Keyword(s):  
Open Environments

Dispersal ofAcaciaseeds by ungulates and ostriches in an African savanna

1996 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 345-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maxine F. Miller
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Seed Dispersal ◽  
Seedling Recruitment ◽  
Seedling Survival ◽  
Tree Crown ◽  
African Savanna ◽  
Large Herbivores ◽  
Mammalian Herbivores ◽  
Open Environments ◽  
Presence And Absence

ABSTRACTThe dispersal of AfricanAcaciaseeds in the presence and absence of large mammalian herbivores and ostriches was assessed in a savanna ecosystem in South Africa. In the absence of large herbivores,A. tortilisandA. niloticapods were mainly dispersed in the shade, directly beneath the tree crown and seeds remained in pods for over 18 months. In the presence of large herbivores,A. tortilis, A. niloticaandA. karrooseeds were freed from pods and were dispersed into open, non-shaded habitats. Impala dispersed mostA. tortilisseeds (18,900 ha−1), giraffe mostA. niloticaseeds (1060 ha−1) and giraffe and kudu mostA. karrooseeds (452 and 448 ha−1, respectively). Seedling survival in dung in open environments may exceed that of seedlings in soil shaded beneath the tree crown. It appears that seed dispersal by large herbivores may be advantageous to future seedling recruitment.

scholarly journals Engineering open environments with electronic institutions

2005 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josep Ll. Arcos ◽  
Marc Esteva ◽  
Pablo Noriega ◽  
Juan A. Rodríguez-Aguilar ◽  
Carles Sierra
Keyword(s):  
Open Environments
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