Influence de la température ambiante sur les défenses de l'organisme chez les animaux à température variable pendant le sommeil hivernal

1901 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-150
Author(s):  
Raphaël Dubois
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Variable

Expériences sur l’essai au choc à température variable

1909 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Léon Guillet ◽  
L. Révillon
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Variable

scholarly journals Thermo-mechanical forging of 708M40 steel ring samples: experiments and modelling

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Hill ◽  
Richard P.Turner
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Experimental Parameter ◽  
Compression Tests ◽  
Molybdenum Disulphide ◽  
Heating Unit ◽  
Modelling Framework ◽  
Process Understanding ◽  
Ring Compression ◽  
Water Based ◽  
Temperature Variable

AbstractA series of ring compression tests using BS970:708M40 alloy steel samples were studied. These tests were conducted using a 2-factor soak-temperature variable, namely 1030 °C and 1300 °C, and a 4-factor lubricant variable consisting of unlubricated samples, synthetic water-based, graphite water-based, and graphite and molybdenum disulphide viscous grease. The lubricant agents were all applied to the tool/billet interface. Process variables such as blow force and heating were controlled with the use of a gravitationally operated drop hammer and an automated programmable induction-heating unit. This matrix of the experimental parameters offered a sound base for exploring dominant factors impacting upon bulk deformation. This deformation was measured using fully calibrated equipment and then systematically recorded. A finite element modelling framework was developed to further improve the thermo-mechanical deformation process understanding, with finite element (FE) predictions validated through experimental measurement. Through the combined experimental and FE work, it was shown that temperature variation in the experimental parameter matrix played a larger role in determining deformation than the lubrication agent. Additionally, the use of synthetic and graphite water-based lubricants does not necessarily produce greater deformation when used in high-temperature forgings due to the lubricants breaking down, evaporating, or inducing rapid billet cooling as a result of the carrier used (water). Graphite-molybdenum disulphate grease far outperforms the other lubricants used in this trial in reducing friction and allowing deformation to occur across a die-face.

Canadian Ice Wine Production: A Case for the Use of Weather Derivatives

2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Don Cyr ◽  
Martin Kusy
Keyword(s):  
Jel Classification ◽  
Seasonal Temperature ◽  
Weather Derivatives ◽  
Wine Production ◽  
Option Values ◽  
Temperature Variable ◽  
Ice Wine ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Potential Use ◽  
Underlying Variable

AbstractWeather derivatives are a relatively new form of financial security that can provide firms with the ability to hedge against the impact of weather related risks to their activities. Participants in the energy industry have employed standardized weather contracts trading on organized exchanges since 1999 and the interest in non-standardized contracts for specialized weather related risks is growing at an increasing rate. The purpose of this paper is to examine the potential use of weather derivatives to hedge against temperature related risks in Canadian ice wine production. Specifically we examine historical data for the Niagara region of the province of Ontario, Canada, the largest icewine producing region of the world, to determine an appropriate underlying variable for the design of an option contact that could be employed by icewine producers. Employing monte carlo simulation we derive a range of benchmark option values based upon varying assumptions regarding the stochastic process for an underlying temperature variable. The results show that such option contracts can provide valuable hedging opportunities for producers, given the historical seasonal temperature variations in the region. (JEL Classification: G13, G32, Q14, Q51, Q54)

Time fluctuations of steps on Cu(11n) surfaces investigated by temperature variable tunneling microscopy

1995 ◽  
Vol 329 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 47-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Giesen-Seibert ◽  
F. Schmitz ◽  
R. Jentjens ◽  
H. Ibach
Keyword(s):  
Tunneling Microscopy ◽  
Temperature Variable

Cryostat à température variable

1955 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 162-163
Author(s):  
A. Johannin-Gilles ◽  
P. Johannin
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Variable

Crystallization behavior and crystalline structural changes of poly(glycolic acid) investigated via temperature-variable WAXD and FTIR analysis

CrystEngComm ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (40) ◽  
pp. 7894-7902 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chengtao Yu ◽  
Jianna Bao ◽  
Qing Xie ◽  
Guorong Shan ◽  
Yongzhong Bao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glycolic Acid ◽  
Crystallization Behavior ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Ftir Analysis ◽  
Temperature Variable

Sensitivity Analysis for Nonlinear Heat Conduction

2000 ◽  
Vol 123 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin J. Dowding ◽  
Bennie F. Blackwell
Keyword(s):  
Heat Conduction ◽  
General Procedure ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Nonlinear Heat Conduction ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Sensitivity Equations ◽  
Verification Problem ◽  
Temperature Variable ◽  
Numerical Solver ◽  
Temperature Dependent Properties

Parameters in the heat conduction equation are frequently modeled as temperature dependent. Thermal conductivity, volumetric heat capacity, convection coefficients, emissivity, and volumetric source terms are parameters that may depend on temperature. Many applications, such as parameter estimation, optimal experimental design, optimization, and uncertainty analysis, require sensitivity to the parameters describing temperature-dependent properties. A general procedure to compute the sensitivity of the temperature field to model parameters for nonlinear heat conduction is studied. Parameters are modeled as arbitrary functions of temperature. Sensitivity equations are implemented in an unstructured grid, element-based numerical solver. The objectives of this study are to describe the methodology to derive sensitivity equations for the temperature-dependent parameters and present demonstration calculations. In addition to a verification problem, the design of an experiment to estimate temperature variable thermal properties is discussed.

Coupled Thermomechanical Modeling of Small Volume FCC Metals

2013 ◽  
Vol 135 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Danial Faghihi ◽  
George Z. Voyiadjis ◽  
Taehyo Park
Keyword(s):  
Small Volume ◽  
Bulk Material ◽  
Yield Function ◽  
Face Centered Cubic ◽  
State Variables ◽  
Transient Time ◽  
Cubic Model ◽  
Temperature Variable ◽  
Fast Transient ◽  
Face Centered

The mechanical and thermal behavior of small volume metallic compounds on the fast transient time are addressed in this work through developing a thermodynamically consistent nonlocal framework. In this regard, an enhanced gradient plasticity theory is coupled with the application of the micromorphic approach to the temperature variable. The yield function of the VA–FCC (Voyiadjis Abed Face Centered Cubic) model based on the concept of thermal activation energy and the dislocations interaction mechanisms including nonlinear hardening is taken into consideration in the derivation. The effect of the material microstructural interface between two materials is also incorporated in the formulation with both temperature and rate effects. In order to accurately address the strengthening and hardening mechanisms, the theory is developed based on the decomposition of the mechanical state variables into energetic and dissipative counterparts which provided the constitutive equations to have both energetic and dissipative gradient length scales for the bulk material and the interface. Moreover, the nonlocal evolution of temperature is addressed by incorporating the microstructural interaction effect in the fast transient process using two time scales in the microscopic heat equation.

An Indirect Method for Estimating the Weight of Glaze on Wires

1955 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert W. Lenhard
Keyword(s):  
Indirect Method ◽  
Daily Precipitation ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Power Lines ◽  
Daily Maximum ◽  
Third Order ◽  
Precipitation Total ◽  
Climatological Station ◽  
Temperature Variable ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between the weight of glaze on power lines and common meteorological variables is examined. The icing data used are those collected by the Pennsylvania Electric Association; the meteorological data are those available in third-order climatological station records. A graphical correlation between ice weight, daily precipitation total and a derived temperature variable is obtained. In addition, the regression of ice weight on daily precipitation is explored and the probability of occurrence of daily maximum and minimum temperatures associated with glaze storms is given. These two relations are suggested as alternative estimating tools.

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