Les enregistrements morphosédimentaires et biostratigraphiques des fonds de vallée du bassin-versant de la Beuvronne (Bassin parisien, Seine-et-Marne, France) : perception des changements climatoanthropiques à l'Holocène[ Holocene morpho-sedimentary and bio-stratigraphy records from alluvial fills of the Beuvronne river catchment (Paris basin, France): perception of climatic changes and human activities. ]

Quaternaire ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Orth ◽  
Jean François Pastre ◽  
Agnès Gauthier ◽  
Nicole Limondin-Lozouet ◽  
Stephane Kunesch
Keyword(s):  
Human Activities ◽  
Climatic Changes ◽  
Paris Basin ◽  
River Catchment ◽  
Bassin Versant

The Expanding Sahara

1974 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Cloudsley-Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Human Activities ◽  
Shifting Cultivation ◽  
Human Population ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Climatic Changes ◽  
The South

The belts of savanna lying to the south of the Sahara are described. Evidence is then presented which suggests that these have been created from forest by shifting cultivation and the use of fire: they have probably developed contemporaneously with the evolution of Man and increase in human population. The effect of climatic changes in creating desert are discussed, and the conclusion is reached that present conditions in much of the Sahara have been engendered almost entirely by human activities. These include felling of trees for firewood and charcoal, or to make their leaves accessible to stock in times of drought and, even more important, overgrazing—especially by goats. Finally, it is suggested that, in the long term, agriculture may not be the most promising way of developing arid regions. Overstocking the savanna and desert must inevitably lead to disaster.

scholarly journals Simulation of the Precipitation Scenarios on the River Catchment with Consideration of the Climatic Changes

2016 ◽  
Vol 154 ◽  
pp. 665-669
Author(s):  
V.V. Belchikhina ◽  
V.V. Ilinich ◽  
I.F. Asaulyak ◽  
A.I. Belolubtsev
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Changes ◽  
River Catchment

scholarly journals Biodiversity Generation and Loss

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.H. Oliver
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Volcanic Eruptions ◽  
Biodiversity Loss ◽  
Climatic Changes ◽  
Anthropogenic Drivers ◽  
Species Biodiversity

Human activities in the Anthropocene are influencing the twin processes of biodiversity generation and loss in complex ways that threaten the maintenance of biodiversity levels that underpin human well-being. Yet many scientists and practitioners still present a simplistic view of biodiversity as a static stock rather than one determined by a dynamic interplay of feedback processes that are affected by anthropogenic drivers. Biodiversity describes the variety of life on Earth, from the genes within an organism to the ecosystem level. However, this article focuses on variation among living organisms, both within and between species. Within species, biodiversity is reflected in genetic, and consequent phenotypic, variations among individuals. Genetic diversity is generated by germ line mutations, genetic recombination during sexual reproduction, and immigration of new genotypes into populations. Across species, biodiversity is reflected in the number of different species present and also, by some metrics, in the evenness of their relative abundance. At this level, biodiversity is generated by processes of speciation and immigration of new species into an area. Anthropogenic drivers affect all these biodiversity generation processes, while the levels of genetic diversity can feed back and affect the level of species diversity, and vice versa. Therefore, biodiversity maintenance is a complex balance of processes and the biodiversity levels at any point in time may not be at equilibrium. A major concern for humans is that our activities are driving rapid losses of biodiversity, which outweigh by orders of magnitude the processes of biodiversity generation. A wide range of species and genetic diversity could be necessary for the provision of ecosystem functions and services (e.g., in maintaining the nutrient cycling, plant productivity, pollination, and pest control that underpin crop production). The importance of biodiversity becomes particularly marked over longer time periods, and especially under varying environmental conditions. In terms of biodiversity losses, there are natural processes that cause roughly continuous, low-level losses, but there is also strong evidence from fossil records for transient events in which exceptionally large loss of biodiversity has occurred. These major extinction episodes are thought to have been caused by various large-scale environmental perturbations, such as volcanic eruptions, sea-level falls, climatic changes, and asteroid impacts. From all these events, biodiversity has shown recovery over subsequent calmer periods, although the composition of higher-level evolutionary taxa can be significantly altered. In the modern era, biodiversity appears to be undergoing another mass extinction event, driven by large-scale human impacts. The primary mechanisms of biodiversity loss caused by humans vary over time and by geographic region, but they include overexploitation, habitat loss, climate change, pollution (e.g., nitrogen deposition), and the introduction of non-native species. It is worth noting that human activities may also lead to increases in biodiversity in some areas through species introductions and climatic changes, although these overall increases in species richness may come at the cost of loss of native species, and with uncertain effects on ecosystem service delivery. Genetic diversity is also affected by human activities, with many examples of erosion of diversity through crop and livestock breeding or through the decline in abundance of wild species populations. Significant future challenges are to develop better ways to monitor the drivers of biodiversity loss and biodiversity levels themselves, making use of new technologies, and improving coverage across geographic regions and taxonomic scope. Rather than treating biodiversity as a simple stock at equilibrium, developing a deeper understanding of the complex interactions—both between environmental drivers and between genetic and species diversity—is essential to manage and maintain the benefits that biodiversity delivers to humans, as well as to safeguard the intrinsic value of the Earth’s biodiversity for future generations.

scholarly journals Mapping the Tso Kar basin in Ladakh

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shashank Srinivasan
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
High Altitude ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Climatic Changes ◽  
Pastoral Community ◽  
Sensing Data ◽  
Management Plans ◽  
Basin Wetlands

High-altitude wetlands are critical ecosystems at risk from global climatic changes and local human activities. Management plans for the conservation of these wetlands require spatial information, from remote sensing data and from local human communities. I describe my research aims and methodology working with the Changpa, a nomadic pastoral community who inhabit the high-altitude regions around the Tso Kar basin wetlands in Ladakh, India.

scholarly journals Human activities' fingerprint on multitrophic biodiversity and ecosystem functions across a major river catchment in China

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 6867-6879
Author(s):  
Feilong Li ◽  
Florian Altermatt ◽  
Jianghua Yang ◽  
Shuqing An ◽  
Aimin Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Activities ◽  
Ecosystem Functions ◽  
River Catchment ◽  
Major River

scholarly journals Small headwater stream evolution in response to Lateglacial and Early Holocene climatic changes and geomorphological features in the Saint-Gond marshes (Paris Basin, France)

Geomorphology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 345 ◽  
pp. 106830
Author(s):  
Bruno Depreux ◽  
Amélie Quiquerez ◽  
Carole Bégeot ◽  
Christian Camerlynck ◽  
Anne-Véronique Walter-Simonnet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Changes ◽  
Headwater Stream ◽  
Early Holocene ◽  
Paris Basin ◽  
Geomorphological Features

VARIATIONS IN THE EBINUR LAKE AREA CAUSED BY HUMAN ACTIVITIES AND CLIMATIC CHANGES

2010 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chi ZHOU ◽  
Longhua HE ◽  
Na YANG
Keyword(s):  
Human Activities ◽  
Climatic Changes ◽  
Lake Area ◽  
Ebinur Lake

Impact of human activities on the quality of river water: The case of Evrotas River catchment basin, Greece

1995 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael O. Angelidis ◽  
Panagiotis G. Markantonatos ◽  
Nikiforos Ch. Bacalis
Keyword(s):  
River Water ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Catchment Basin ◽  
River Catchment
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document