Faculty Opinions recommendation of DNA-PK autophosphorylation facilitates Artemis endonuclease activity.

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dale Ramsden
Keyword(s):  
Endonuclease Activity

scholarly journals Evaluation of a System to Screen for Stimulators of Non-Specific DNA Nicking by HIV-1 Integrase: Application to a Library of 50,000 Compounds

2011 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malgorzata Sudol ◽  
Jennifer L Fritz ◽  
Melissa Tran ◽  
Gavin P Robertson ◽  
Julie B Ealy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput ◽  
High Throughput Screening ◽  
Solution Phase ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Endonuclease Activity ◽  
Viral Dna ◽  
Hit Rate ◽  
Dna Nicking ◽  
Hiv 1 ◽  
Stimulation Of

Background: In addition to activities needed to catalyse integration, retroviral integrases exhibit non-specific endonuclease activity that is enhanced by certain small compounds, suggesting that integrase could be stimulated to damage viral DNA before integration occurs. Methods: A non-radioactive, plate-based, solution phase, fluorescence assay was used to screen a library of 50,080 drug-like chemicals for stimulation of non-specific DNA nicking by HIV-1 integrase. Results: A semi-automated workflow was established and primary hits were readily identified from a graphic output. Overall, 0.6% of the chemicals caused a large increase in fluorescence (the primary hit rate) without also having visible colour that could have artifactually caused this result. None of the potential stimulators from this moderate-size library, however, passed a secondary test that included an inactive integrase mutant that assessed whether the increased fluorescence depended on the endonuclease activity of integrase. Conclusions: This first attempt at identifying integrase stimulator compounds establishes the necessary logistics and workflow required. The results from this study should encourage larger scale high-throughput screening to advance the novel antiviral strategy of stimulating integrase to damage retroviral DNA.

scholarly journals Aurintricarboxylic acid rescues PC12 cells and sympathetic neurons from cell death caused by nerve growth factor deprivation: correlation with suppression of endonuclease activity.

1991 ◽  
Vol 115 (2) ◽  
pp. 461-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Batistatou ◽  
L A Greene
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Nerve Growth Factor ◽  
Pc12 Cells ◽  
Sympathetic Neurons ◽  
Neuronal Cell Death ◽  
Neuronal Cell ◽  
Endonuclease Activity ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Serum Free

Past studies have shown that serum-free cultures of PC12 cells are a useful model system for studying the neuronal cell death which occurs after neurotrophic factor deprivation. In this experimental paradigm, nerve growth factor (NGF) rescues the cells from death. It is reported here that serum-deprived PC12 cells manifest an endonuclease activity that leads to internucleosomal cleavage of their cellular DNA. This activity is detected within 3 h of serum withdrawal and several hours before any morphological sign of cell degeneration or death. NGF and serum, which promote survival of the cells, inhibit the DNA fragmentation. Aurintricarboxylic acid (ATA), a general inhibitor of nucleases in vitro, suppresses the endonuclease activity and promotes long-term survival of PC12 cells in serum-free cultures. This effect appears to be independent of macromolecular synthesis. In addition, ATA promotes long-term survival of cultured sympathetic neurons after NGF withdrawal. ATA neither promotes nor maintains neurite outgrowth. It is hypothesized that the activation of an endogenous endonuclease could be responsible for neuronal cell death after neurotrophic factor deprivation and that growth factors could promote survival by leading to inhibition of constitutively present endonucleases.

Endonuclease activity from tobacco nuclei specific for ultraviolet radiation‐damaged DNA

1993 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 417-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terence M. Murphy ◽  
Charles P. Martin ◽  
James Kami
Keyword(s):  
Ultraviolet Radiation ◽  
Endonuclease Activity ◽  
Damaged Dna

An endonuclease activity associated with preparations of chick interferon

1971 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Joyce Taylor-Papadimitriou ◽  
Spandidos J.G. Georgatsos
Keyword(s):  
Endonuclease Activity

Permeabilization of ultraviolet-irradiated Chinese hamster cells with polyethylene glycol and introduction of ultraviolet endonuclease from Micrococcus luteus

1981 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 237-244
Author(s):  
D B Yarosh ◽  
R B Setlow
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Deoxyribonucleic Acid ◽  
Excision Repair ◽  
Micrococcus Luteus ◽  
Chinese Hamster ◽  
Endonuclease Activity ◽  
Chinese Hamster Cells ◽  
Ultraviolet Resistance

Chinese hamster V-79 cells were made permeable by treatment with polyethylene glycol and then incubated with a Micrococcus luteus extract containing ultraviolet-specific endonuclease activity. This treatment introduced nicks in irradiated, but not in unirradiated, deoxyribonucleic acid. The nicks remained open for at least 3 h; there was no loss of endonuclease-sensitive sites, and no excision of dimers as measured by chromatography was detected. In addition, there was no increase in ultraviolet resistance in treated cells. This suggests that the absence of a significant amount of excision repair in rodent cells is due to the lack of both incision and excision capacity.

scholarly journals Genetic Separation of Sae2 Nuclease Activity from Mre11 Nuclease Functions in Budding Yeast

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (24) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sucheta Arora ◽  
Rajashree A. Deshpande ◽  
Martin Budd ◽  
Judy Campbell ◽  
America Revere ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nuclease Activity ◽  
Double Strand Breaks ◽  
Endonuclease Activity ◽  
Dna Double Strand Breaks ◽  
Dna Breaks ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Strand Breaks ◽  
Dna Ends

ABSTRACT Sae2 promotes the repair of DNA double-strand breaks in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The role of Sae2 is linked to the Mre11/Rad50/Xrs2 (MRX) complex, which is important for the processing of DNA ends into single-stranded substrates for homologous recombination. Sae2 has intrinsic endonuclease activity, but the role of this activity has not been assessed independently from its functions in promoting Mre11 nuclease activity. Here we identify and characterize separation-of-function mutants that lack intrinsic nuclease activity or the ability to promote Mre11 endonucleolytic activity. We find that the ability of Sae2 to promote MRX nuclease functions is important for DNA damage survival, particularly in the absence of Dna2 nuclease activity. In contrast, Sae2 nuclease activity is essential for DNA repair when the Mre11 nuclease is compromised. Resection of DNA breaks is impaired when either Sae2 activity is blocked, suggesting roles for both Mre11 and Sae2 nuclease activities in promoting the processing of DNA ends in vivo. Finally, both activities of Sae2 are important for sporulation, indicating that the processing of meiotic breaks requires both Mre11 and Sae2 nuclease activities.

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