Faculty Opinions recommendation of Recovery from a spinal cord injury: significance of compensation, neural plasticity, and repair.

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Choi ◽  
Carolina Kachramanoglou
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Neural Plasticity ◽  
Cord Injury

scholarly journals A Collagen-Based Scaffold for Promoting Neural Plasticity in a Rat Model of Spinal Cord Injury

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 2245
Author(s):  
Jue-Zong Yeh ◽  
Ding-Han Wang ◽  
Juin-Hong Cherng ◽  
Yi-Wen Wang ◽  
Gang-Yi Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Neural Plasticity ◽  
Collagen Scaffold ◽  
Glial Scar ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Cord Injury

In spinal cord injury (SCI) therapy, glial scarring formed by activated astrocytes is a primary problem that needs to be solved to enhance axonal regeneration. In this study, we developed and used a collagen scaffold for glial scar replacement to create an appropriate environment in an SCI rat model and determined whether neural plasticity can be manipulated using this approach. We used four experimental groups, as follows: SCI-collagen scaffold, SCI control, normal spinal cord-collagen scaffold, and normal control. The collagen scaffold showed excellent in vitro and in vivo biocompatibility. Immunofluorescence staining revealed increased expression of neurofilament and fibronectin and reduced expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein and anti-chondroitin sulfate in the collagen scaffold-treated SCI rats at 1 and 4 weeks post-implantation compared with that in untreated SCI control. This indicates that the collagen scaffold implantation promoted neuronal survival and axonal growth within the injured site and prevented glial scar formation by controlling astrocyte production for their normal functioning. Our study highlights the feasibility of using the collagen scaffold in SCI repair. The collagen scaffold was found to exert beneficial effects on neuronal activity and may help in manipulating synaptic plasticity, implying its great potential for clinical application in SCI.

scholarly journals Neural Plasticity After Spinal Cord Injury

2005 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1441-1450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuemin Ding ◽  
Abba Kastin ◽  
Weihong Pan
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Neural Plasticity ◽  
Cord Injury

Dynamics of biomarkers across the stages of traumatic spinal cord injury - implications for neural plasticity and repair

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-28
Author(s):  
Tatjana. Begenisic ◽  
Chiara. Pavese ◽  
Beatrice. Aiachini ◽  
Antonio. Nardone ◽  
Daniela. Rossi
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Neural Plasticity ◽  
Functional Improvement ◽  
Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Altered Expression ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Selection Of

Background: Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) is a complex medical condition causing significant physical disability and psychological distress. While the adult spinal cord is characterized by poor regenerative potential, some recovery of neurological function is still possible through activation of neural plasticity mechanisms. We still have limited knowledge about the activation of these mechanisms in the different stages after human SCI. Objective: In this review, we discuss the potential role of biomarkers of SCI as indicators of the plasticity mechanisms at work during the different phases of SCI. Methods: An extensive review of literature related to SCI pathophysiology, neural plasticity and humoral biomarkers was conducted by consulting the PubMed database. Research and review articles from SCI animal models and SCI clinical trials published in English until January 2021 were reviewed. The selection of candidates for humoral biomarkers of plasticity after SCI was based on the following criteria: 1) strong evidence supporting involvement in neural plasticity (mandatory); 2) evidence supporting altered expression after SCI (optional). Results: Based on selected findings, we identified two main groups of potential humoral biomarkers of neural plasticity after SCI: 1) neurotrophic factors including: Brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), Nerve growth factor (NGF), Neurotrofin-3 (NT-3), and Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1); 2) other factors including: Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMPs), and MicroRNAs (miRNAs). Plasticity changes associated with these biomarkers often can be both adaptive (promoting functional improvement) and maladaptive. This dual role seems to be influenced by their concentrations and time-window during SCI. Conclusions: Further studies of dynamics of biomarkers across the stages of SCI are necessary to elucidate the way in which they reflect the remodeling of neural pathways. A better knowledge about the mechanisms underlying plasticity could guide the selection of more appropriate therapeutic strategies to enhance positive spinal network reorganization.

scholarly journals Targeted, activity-dependent spinal stimulation produces long-lasting motor recovery in chronic cervical spinal cord injury

2015 ◽  
Vol 112 (39) ◽  
pp. 12193-12198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob G. McPherson ◽  
Robert R. Miller ◽  
Steve I. Perlmutter
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Neural Plasticity ◽  
Enhanced Recovery ◽  
Cervical Spinal Cord ◽  
Spike Timing ◽  
Neurological Injury ◽  
Partial Recovery ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Activity Dependent

Use-dependent movement therapies can lead to partial recovery of motor function after neurological injury. We attempted to improve recovery by developing a neuroprosthetic intervention that enhances movement therapy by directing spike timing-dependent plasticity in spared motor pathways. Using a recurrent neural–computer interface in rats with a cervical contusion of the spinal cord, we synchronized intraspinal microstimulation below the injury with the arrival of functionally related volitional motor commands signaled by muscle activity in the impaired forelimb. Stimulation was delivered during physical retraining of a forelimb behavior and throughout the day for 3 mo. Rats receiving this targeted, activity-dependent spinal stimulation (TADSS) exhibited markedly enhanced recovery compared with animals receiving targeted but open-loop spinal stimulation and rats receiving physical retraining alone. On a forelimb reach and grasp task, TADSS animals recovered 63% of their preinjury ability, more than two times the performance level achieved by the other therapy groups. Therapeutic gains were maintained for 3 additional wk without stimulation. The results suggest that activity-dependent spinal stimulation can induce neural plasticity that improves behavioral recovery after spinal cord injury.

Recovery from a Spinal Cord Injury: Significance of Compensation, Neural Plasticity, and Repair

2008 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 677-685 ◽  
Author(s):  
Armin Curt ◽  
Hubertus J.A. Van Hedel ◽  
Daniel Klaus ◽  
Volker Dietz ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Neural Plasticity ◽  
Cord Injury

scholarly journals Vascular Events After Spinal Cord Injury: Contribution to Secondary Pathogenesis

2000 ◽  
Vol 80 (7) ◽  
pp. 673-687 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelika EM Mautes ◽  
Martin R Weinzierl ◽  
Frances Donovan ◽  
Linda J Noble
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Neural Plasticity ◽  
Intraparenchymal Hemorrhage ◽  
Vascular Events ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Secondary Tissue ◽  
Vascular Structures ◽  
Blood Spinal Cord Barrier ◽  
Primary Injury

Abstract Traumatic spinal cord injury results in the disruption of neural and vascular structures (primary injury) and is characterized by an evolution of secondary pathogenic events that collectively define the extent of functional recovery. This article reviews the vascular responses to spinal cord injury, focusing on both early and delayed events, including intraparenchymal hemorrhage, inflammation, disruption of the blood-spinal cord barrier, and angiogenesis. These vascular-related events not only influence the evolution of secondary tissue damage but also define an environment that fosters neural plasticity in the chronically injured spinal cord.

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