Faculty Opinions recommendation of Visualization of cell cycle in mouse embryos with Fucci2 reporter directed by Rosa26 promoter.

The ability of progenitor cells to exit the cell cycle is essential for proper embryonic development and homeostasis, but the mechanisms governing cell cycle exit are still not fully understood. Here, we tested the requirement for the retinoblastoma (Rb) protein and its family members p107 and p130 in G0/G1 arrest and differentiation in mammalian cells. We found that Rb family triple knockout (TKO) mouse embryos survive until days 9–11 of gestation. Strikingly, some TKO cells, including in epithelial and neural lineages, are able to exit the cell cycle in G0/G1 and differentiate in teratomas and in culture. This ability of TKO cells to arrest in G0/G1 is associated with the repression of key E2F target genes. Thus, G1 arrest is not always dependent on Rb family members, which illustrates the robustness of cell cycle regulatory networks during differentiation and allows for the identification of candidate pathways to inhibit the expansion of cancer cells with mutations in the Rb pathway.

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Cell Cycle Regulation in Early Mouse Embryos

Novartis Foundation Symposia - The Cell Cycle and Development ◽

10.1002/0470846666.ch7 ◽

2008 ◽

pp. 79-92 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Jacek Z. Kubiak ◽

Maria A. Ciemerych

Keyword(s):

Cell Cycle ◽

Cell Cycle Regulation ◽

Mouse Embryos ◽

Early Mouse ◽

Cycle Regulation

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Phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade during early embryo development in the mouse

Reproduction Fertility and Development ◽

10.1071/rd00064 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 12 (4) ◽

pp. 209 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Naoki Iwamori ◽

Kunihiko Naito ◽

Koji Sugiura ◽

Hideyuki Kagii ◽

Masakane Yamashita ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cell Cycle ◽

Protein Kinase ◽

Embryo Development ◽

Somatic Cells ◽

Mouse Embryos ◽

Mapk Cascade ◽

Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase ◽

Cell Stage ◽

Mitogen Activated Protein ◽

Early Mouse

The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade is one of the most important signal transduction pathways that regulate the cell cycle in somatic cells. The present study examined the phosphorylation states of components in the MAPK cascade, Raf-1, MEK-1, and extracellular signal regulated kinases (ERKs), which are activated by mitogens, throughout early mouse embryo development and in cultured somatic cells generally. In somatic cells, Raf-1 and MEK-1 were phosphorylated at M-phase and dephosphorylated during interphase. ERKs were not phosphorylated at any stage during the cell cycle. These results were similar to previous findings for the first and second cell cycles of early mouse embryos. In contrast, after the four-cell stage, not only ERKs, but also Raf-1 and MEK-1, were not phosphorylated at any stage during the cell cycle in mouse early embryos. These results suggest that the MAPK cascade in mouse embryos is regulated by the same mechanism as in somatic cells before the two-cell stage, and that regulation is changed to an embryo-specific mechanism after the four-cell stage.

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Cell Cycle-Dependent Radiosensitivity in Two-Cell Mouse Embryos in Culture

Radiation Research ◽

10.2307/3575399 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 81 (2) ◽

pp. 236 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

M. Domon

Keyword(s):

Cell Cycle ◽

Mouse Embryos ◽

Cycle Dependent

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Transcription and DNA replication of sperm nuclei introduced into blastomeres of 2-cell mouse embryos

Zygote ◽

10.1017/s0967199400003877 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 289-299 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Berenika Plusa ◽

Maria A. Ciemerych ◽

Ewa Borsuk ◽

Andrzej K. Tarkowski

Keyword(s):

Cell Cycle ◽

Dna Replication ◽

Mouse Embryo ◽

Mouse Embryos ◽

Hybrid Cells ◽

Time Schedule ◽

Cleavage Division ◽

Oocyte Cytoplasm ◽

Sperm Nuclei ◽

Cell Mouse Embryo

SummaryThe aim of this study was to investigate the behaviour of sperm nuclei in the cytoplasm of the 2-cell mouse embryo. To this end, we produced hybrids between anucleate fertilised oocyte fragments and blastomeres of the 2-cell embryos. When sperm nuclei at the stage of decondensation or recondensation were introduced into blastomeres the development of male pronuclei was usually retarded and they never reached the size of the blastomere nuclei. These abortive male pronuclei were unable to initiate transcription but they were capable of synthesising DNA. The majority of sperm nuclei introduced into blastomeres as early male pronuclei developed normally and reached the size of the blastomere nuclei. They synthesised DNA simultaneously with blastomere nuclei and were transcriptionally active. In addition they participated in the cleavage division of hybrid cells. This shows that the very early male pronucleus when transmitted from the oocyte cytoplasm to the blastomere cytoplasm can respond positively to the new cytoplasmic factors, i.e. it undertakes both DNA replication and transcription according to the time schedule characteristic of the second cell cycle.

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