Faculty Opinions recommendation of Hematologic disorders: blood transfusion products.

The retrospective cohort study was done to analyze the characteristics of patients who needed a blood transfusion due to epistaxis-caused anemia and to define potential risk factors. A total cohort of 330 epistaxis patients, prospectively included between March 2007 and April 2008 at the ENT departments of the Holy Family Red Crescent Medical College Hospital Dhaka, Taqwah specialized Hospital, Dhaka & Insaf Barakah Kidney Hospital Dhaka, was evaluated concerning the need for blood transfusions. The clinical charts and medical histories of these patients were evaluated. Common parameters that increase the riskfor severe anemia due to epistaxis. Twelve patients required blood transfusions due to their medical condition. 22.7% suffered from traumatic nosebleeds. Another 27.3% had a known medical condition with an increased bleeding tendency. These proportions were significantly higher than in the group of patients without need of blood transfusion. The odds ratio for receiving a blood transfusion was 14.0 in patients with hematologic disorders, 4.3 in traumatic epistaxis and 7.7 in posterior bleeders. The transfusion-dependent epistaxis patients suffered significantly more often from severe posterior nosebleeds with the need for a surgical therapeutic approach. Patients with severe nosebleeds either from the posterior part of the nose or with known hematologic disorders or traumatic epistaxis should be closely monitored by blood parameter analyses to evaluate the indication for blood transfusion.

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The Immunohematologic and Clinical Evaluation of Increased Risk for Red Blood Cell Alloimmunization among Multi-Transfused Pediatric Patients in a Tertiary Medical Institution in Central Luzon, Philippines

American Journal of Clinical Pathology ◽

10.1093/ajcp/aqab191.338 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 156 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. S158-S159

Author(s):

C C Ebreo ◽

R M Castillo ◽

M D Dizon ◽

A D Domasian ◽

G P Floresta ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Transfusion ◽

Blood Cell ◽

Red Blood Cell ◽

Pediatric Patients ◽

Sufficient Evidence ◽

Age Group ◽

Hematologic Disorders ◽

Packed Red Blood Cells ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Transfusion Reactions

Abstract Introduction/Objective Multiple blood transfusion is a therapeutic treatment for patients with hematologic disorders. However, patients who undergo repeated blood transfusions are at higher risk of developing red blood cell alloimmunization. This may further delay the availability of compatible blood and pose a higher risk for hemolytic transfusion reactions. Methods/Case Report A total of 55 patients, with an age range of 2-19 years, were included in the study. All patients had hematologic disorders and underwent chronic blood transfusion. In this retrospective study, Student’s t-test and Fisher’s exact tests were used to compare the means and percentages, respectively, under 5% level of significance. R ver 4.0.3 was utilized in the analyses. Results (if a Case Study enter NA) Out of the 55 pediatric patients, 10 (18.2%; CI95%: 9.1 to 30.9%) were found to be alloimmunized. Two patients had multiple antibodies whereas the others had one specificity, having a total of 12 detected alloantibodies. The most prevalent alloantibody was anti-E (60%), followed by anti-Jka (20%), anti-Mia (20%), anti-S (10%), and anti-K (10%). All obtained alloantibodies showed no correlation (p>0.05) with the age group of the patients. Subsequently, it was not evident that average blood transfusion (p=0.949) and packed red blood cells transfused per year (p=0.782) significantly differ between alloimmunized and non-alloimmunized patients. Similarly, there was no sufficient evidence that the age group (p=0.723), sex (p=1.000), blood group (p=1.000) and hematologic disorder (p=0.949) were associated with their alloimmunization status. Conclusion The alloimmunization incidence rate of 18.2% in this study was higher compared to related literatures, and most of the detected alloantibodies were of IgG type which are commonly clinically significant. The study showed no significant correlation between the specific risk factors and the development of alloimmunization. For patient care, it is imperative to include precautions such as extended RBC phenotyping and provision of antigen matched RBCs to prevent unnecessary transfusion reactions caused by alloimmunization.

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