A Multidisciplinary Approach Evaluating Soybean Meal-Induced Enteritis in Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss

This study evaluated a diverse range of markers of feeding stress to obtain a more precise assessment of the welfare of rainbow trout in relation to inadequate husbandry conditions. A feeding stress model based on dietary soybean meal was employed to identify suitable minimally invasive “classical” stress markers, together with molecular signatures. In a 56-day feeding experiment, rainbow trout were fed diets containing different levels of soybean meal. The impact of these different soybean meal diets on rainbow trout was assessed by water quality analyses, clinical health observations, classic growth and performance parameters, gut histopathology, blood-parameter measurements and multigene-expression profiling in RNA from whole blood. Soybean meal-induced enteritis was manifested phenotypically by an inflammatory reaction in the posterior section of the intestine and by diarrhoea in some trout. These inflammatory changes were associated with decreased supranuclear vacuolation. The haematocrit values and the levels of plasma cortisol and circulating lymphocytes in the blood were increased in trout that had consumed high amounts of SBM. Notably, the increased haematocrit depended significantly on the bodyweight of the individual trout. The transcript levels of certain genes (e.g., MAP3K1, LYG, NOD1, STAT1 and HSP90AB) emerged as potentially useful indicators in the blood of rainbow trout providing valuable information about inadequate nutrition. The expression-profiling findings provide a basis for improved, minimally invasive monitoring of feeding regimens in trout farming and may stimulate the development of practical detection devices for innovative aquaculture operations.

Differential Antibody Response to Inactivated COVID-19 Vaccines in Healthy Subjects

The appearance and magnitude of the immune response and the related factors correlated with SARS-CoV-2 vaccination need to be defined. Here, we enrolled a prospective cohort of 52 participants who received two doses of inactivated vaccines (BBIBP-CorV). Their serial plasma samples (n = 260) over 2 months were collected at five timepoints. We measured antibody responses (NAb, S-IgG and S-IgM) and routine blood parameter. NAb seroconversion occurred in 90.7% of vaccinated individuals and four typical NAb kinetic curves were observed. All of the participants who seroconverted after the first dose were females and had relatively high prevaccine estradiol levels. Moreover, those without seroconversion tended to have lower lymphocyte counts and higher serum SAA levels than those who experienced seroconversion. The NAb titers in young vaccine recipients had a significantly higher peak than those in elderly recipients. S-IgG and S-IgM dynamics were accompanied by similar trends in NAb. Here, we gained insight into the dynamic changes in NAbs and preliminarily explored the prevaccine blood parameters related to the kinetic subclasses, providing a reference for vaccination strategies.

Is It Possible to Predict Clonal Thrombocytosis in Triple-Negative Patients with Isolated Thrombocytosis Based Only on Clinical or Blood Findings?

JAK2, MPL, and CALR mutations define clonal thrombocytosis in about 90% of patients with sustained isolated thrombocytosis. In the remainder of patients (triple-negative patients) diagnosing clonal thrombocytosis is especially difficult due to the different underlying conditions and possible inconclusive bone marrow biopsy results. The ability to predict patients with sustained isolated thrombocytosis with a potential clonal origin has a prognostic value and warrants further examination. The aim of our study was to define a non-invasive clinical or blood parameter that could help predict clonal thrombocytosis in triple-negative patients. We studied 237 JAK2 V617-negative patients who were diagnosed with isolated thrombocytosis and referred to the haematology service. Sixteen routine clinical and blood parameters were included in the logistic regression model which was used to predict the type of thrombocytosis (reactive/clonal). Platelet count and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were the only statistically significant predictors of clonal thrombocytosis. The platelet count threshold for the most accurate prediction of clonal or reactive thrombocytosis was 449 × 109/L. Other tested clinical and blood parameters were not statistically significant predictors of clonal thrombocytosis. The level of LDH was significantly higher in CALR-positive patients compared to CALR-negative patients. We did not identify any new clinical or blood parameters that could distinguish clonal from reactive thrombocytosis. When diagnosing clonal thrombocytosis triple-negative patients are most likely to be misdiagnosed. Treatment in patients with suspected triple negative clonal thrombocytosis should not be delayed if cardiovascular risk factors or pregnancy coexist, even in the absence of firm diagnostic criteria. In those cases the approach “better treat more than less” should be followed.

Carcass traits, blood parameters and meat composition of quail and pigeon available in Bangladesh

Common poultry birds like chicken, duck, quail and pigeon meat is gaining interest due to their genetic potentiality and management factors as well as special characters of their meat and egg. With a view to considers consumers demand, promising alternative bird farming and meat quality research, an attempt was undertaken to conduct a preliminary study to compare carcass characteristics, blood parameter, intestinal microbiology and meat composition of quail and pigeon of Bangladesh. The result revealed that, carcass traits, hematological parameters and intestinal microbiology did differ between quail and pigeon (P<0.05). The meat proximate composition data indicated that moisture and ether extract content did differ (P<0.05), however, crude protein and ash content did not differ between quail and pigeon (P>0.05). Thus, the preliminary study suggested that farmers can easily rear quail and pigeon for consumption of meat, however, further detail study can ensure detail physiological aspects and meat quality parameters of quail and pigeon.

SYNERGISTIC IMMUNOMODULATORY ACTIVITY OF AQUEOUS ROOT EXTRACT OF ASPARAGUS RACEMOSUS WILLD AND ETHANOL WHOLE PLANT EXTRACT OF BOERHAVIA DIFFUSA LINN

Objective: On the basis of traditional use and Ethno pharmacological evidences Boerhavia diffusa whole plant and root part of Asparagus racemosus (Shatavari) both are widely used to enhance the immunity. But in combination there is no scientific evidence so current study was designed. Methods: Laboratory based study, namely, carbon clearance, cyclophosphamide induced immune suppression and neutrophil adhesion was designed using mice as an experimental animals in different combination of aqueous whole plant extract of B. diffusa and methanol extract of root part of A. racemosus were used as a test drug in the ratio 1:1, 1:2, and 2:1 (100 mg/kg) against the established standard drug Ashwagandha. Results: The results revealed that animals treated with combined extract (1:1, 1:2, and 2:1) at a dose of 100 mg/kg increase rate of carbon clearance from blood, there is significance alternation in blood parameter in cyclophosphamide group and also improve the Neutrophil adhesion when treated with different combination of polyherbal formulation treated groups. Conclusion: The polyherbal formulation in different ratio showing good significant immunomodulatory activity as compare to standard.

Examınatıon of The Relatıonshıp of Blood Parameters ın Overweıght Female and Male Indıvıduals

Aim: This research was carried out to determine how the blood values of overweight female and male individuals are related to overweight. Method: Overweight and obese 51 women and 76 men with a body mass index of 25% and above participated in the study. Body Mass Index is used to determine whether individuals are overweight. Individuals participated in the research with blood tests taken from an official health institution. “Volunteer Consent Form ”were obtained from individuals before participating in the research. SPSS package program was used for the research analysis. “Pearson Correlation” was used as the analysis. P <0.05 and P<0,01 were taken as the value. Results: As a result of the research, it has been determined that there are positive and negative significant relationships between the blood parameters of overweight and obese male and female individuals, depending on overweight. Conclusion: As a result, according to the research data, it has been determined that the body blood parameters of obese men and women negatively affect each other in a way that threatens health, depending on obesity. In order to prevent these risks to health, it is inevitable for individuals to apply a balanced diet together with regular exercise. Keywords: Blood parameter, Overweight, Obesity, Male, Female, Relationship

Water and forage intake, diet digestibility, and blood parameters of beef cows and heifers consuming water with varying concentrations of total dissolved salts

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of water quality on water intake (WI), forage intake, diet digestibility, and blood constituents in beef cows and growing beef heifers. This was a replicated 5 × 5 Latin square with five drinking water treatments within each square: 1) fresh water (Control); 2) brackish water (100 BRW treatment) with approximately 6,000 mg/kg TDS; 3) same TDS level as 100 BRW achieved by addition of NaCl to fresh water (100 SLW); 4) 50% brackish water and 50% fresh water to achieve approximately 3,000 mg/kg TDS (50 BRW); and 5) same TDS level as 50 BRW achieved by addition of NaCl to fresh water (50 SLW). Each of the five 21-d periods consisted of 14 d of adaptation and 5 d of data collection. Animals were housed individually and fed mixed alfalfa (Medicago sativa) grass hay cubes. Feed and water intake were recorded daily. Data were analyzed with animal as the experimental unit. Age, treatment, and age x treatment were fixed effects, and animal ID within age was the random variable for intake, digestibility, and blood parameter data. Water and feed intake were greater than expected, regardless of age or water treatment. No treatment x age interactions were identified for WI (P = 0.71), WI expressed as g/kg body weight (BW; P = 0.70), or dry matter intake (DMI; P = 0.21). However, there was an age x treatment tendency for DMI when scaled to BW (P = 0.09) in cows consuming 100 BRW compared to fresh water. No differences were found for the other three treatments. Heifers provided 50 SLW water consumed less (P &lt; 0.05) feed (g/kg BW) compared to heifers provided fresh water and 100 BRW. No differences (P &gt; 0.05) in water, DMI, feed intake or diet digestibility were found due to water quality treatment. In conclusion, under these conditions neither absolute WI, absolute DMI, nor diet digestibility were influenced by the natural brackish or saline water used in this experiment. These results suggest that further research is necessary to determine thresholds for TDS or salinity concentration resulting in reduced water and/or feed intake and diet digestibility.