Faculty Opinions recommendation of The Importance of Visual Feedback Design in BCIs; from Embodiment to Motor Imagery Learning.

IntroductionAs a combination of visual stimulation and motor imagery, mirror visual feedback (MVF) is an effective treatment for motor impairment after stroke; however, few studies have investigated its effects on relevant cognitive processes such as visual perception and motor imagery. Camera-based MVF (camMVF) overcomes the intrinsic limitations of real mirrors and is recognised as an optimal setup. This study aims to investigate the effects of camMVF as an adjunct treatment for stroke patients, compare camMVF outcomes with those of conventional therapy and elucidate neural mechanisms through which MVF influences cognition and brain networks.Methods and analysisThis will be a multicentre, single-blinded, randomised controlled trial including 90 patients randomised into three groups: camera-based mirror visual feedback intervention group (30), shielded mirror visual feedback intervention group (30) and conventional group (30). Patients in each group will receive a 60 min intervention 5 days per week over 4 weeks. The primary outcome will be the Fugl-Meyer Assessment Upper Limb subscale measurement. Secondary outcomes include the modified Ashworth Scale, Grip Strength test, Modified Barthel Index, Functional Independence Measure, Berg Balance Scale, 10-metre walking test, hand-laterality task and electroencephalography .Ethics and disseminationEthics approval was granted by the Huashan Hospital Institutional Review Board on 15 March (KY2017-230). We plan to submit the results to a peer-reviewed journal and present them at conferences, rehabilitation forums and to the general public.Trial registration numberChiCTR-INR-17013644; Pre-results.

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Effective motor imagery training with visual feedback for non-invasive brain computer interface

2018 6th International Conference on Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) ◽

10.1109/iww-bci.2018.8311524 ◽

2018 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Sungho Jo ◽

Jin Woo Choi

Keyword(s):

Motor Imagery ◽

Visual Feedback ◽

Brain Computer Interface ◽

Computer Interface ◽

Imagery Training ◽

Non Invasive

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Effectiveness of mirror therapy, motor imagery, and virtual feedback on phantom limb pain following amputation: A systematic review

Prosthetics and Orthotics International ◽

10.1177/0309364617740230 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 42 (3) ◽

pp. 288-298 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Laura Herrador Colmenero ◽

Jose Manuel Perez Marmol ◽

Celia Martí-García ◽

María de los Ángeles Querol Zaldivar ◽

Rosa María Tapia Haro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Motor Imagery ◽

Visual Feedback ◽

Methodological Quality ◽

Internal Validity ◽

Phantom Limb Pain ◽

Research Quality ◽

Phantom Limb ◽

Mirror Therapy ◽

Limb Pain

Background: Phantom limb pain is reported in 50%–85% of people with amputation. Clinical interventions in treating central pain, such as mirror therapy, motor imagery, or virtual visual feedback, could redound in benefits to amputee patients with phantom limb pain. Objectives: To provide an overview of the effectiveness of different techniques for treating phantom limb pain in amputee patients. Study design: Systematic review. Methods: A computerized literature search up to April 2017 was performed using the following databases: PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, MEDLINE, ProQuest, PEDro, EBSCOhost, and Cochrane Plus. Methodological quality and internal validity score of each study were assessed using PEDro scale. For data synthesis, qualitative methods from the Cochrane Back Review Group were applied. Results: In all, 12 studies met our inclusion criteria, where 9 were rated as low methodological quality and 3 rated moderate quality. All studies showed a significant reduction in pain, but there was heterogeneity among subjects and methodologies and any high-quality clinical trial (PEDro score ≤8; internal validity score ≤5) was not found. Conclusion: Mirror therapy, motor imaginary, and virtual visual feedback reduce phantom limb pain; however, there is limited scientific evidence supporting their effectiveness. Future studies should include designs with more solid research methods, exploring short- and long-term benefits of these therapies. Clinical relevance This systematic review investigates the effectiveness of mirror therapy, motor imagery, and virtual visual feedback on phantom limb pain, summarizing the currently published trials and evaluating the research quality. Although these interventions have positive benefits in phantom limb pain, there is still a lack of evidence for supporting their effectiveness.

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