scholarly journals Risk-sensitive foraging strategy of flower visitors in Serjania caracasana

2019 ◽  
Vol 42.2 ◽  
pp. 7245-7255
Author(s):  
Ana Paula Jejesky de Oliveira ◽  
Juliétty Angioletti Tesch ◽  
Giuliano de Matin ◽  
Fernanda Pavesi Tanure ◽  
João Luiz Rossi Junior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Foraging Behaviour ◽  
Foraging Strategy ◽  
Nectar Production ◽  
Risk Sensitive ◽  
The Hours ◽  
Floral Visitors ◽  
Foraging Pattern ◽  
Risk Sensitive Foraging

Production of nectar can play a fundamental role in the foraging behaviour of floral visitors through its availability and distribution. The aim of this study was to understand the foraging pattern of floral visitors in Serjania caracasana. The field study observed the strategy of nectar production and the foraging behaviour of the floral visitors of Serjania caracasana, carried out through an experiment that evaluated the amount of nectar produced by flowers, species richness and frequency of visits. The data analysis showed that there is no significant correlation between any of the variables analysed. The unstable nectar between the flowers and the unpredictability during the hours of the day suggest a risk-foraging strategy of risk-prone type of the species of floral visitors. The data from this study suggests that Serjania caracasana has potential to understand the theory of risk-sensitive foraging in relation to its reproductive success.

scholarly journals Pollination and breeding system of Couepia uiti (Mart. and Zucc.) Benth (Chrysobalanaceae) in the Pantanal da Nhecolândia

2007 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 715-719 ◽  
Author(s):  
HF Paulino-Neto
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Breeding System ◽  
Maximum Volume ◽  
Abrupt Increase ◽  
Nectar Production ◽  
Controlled Pollination ◽  
Nectar Sugar ◽  
Floral Visitors ◽  
Pollen Release

The pollination biology and breeding system of Couepia uiti was studied. In this species, flowers opened at 06:00 AM anthesis, and nectar production began at around 0800 h, reached a maximum volume from 09:30 AM to 10:30 AM, and decreased thereafter. The nectar sugar concentration increased continuously, but showed an abrupt increase from 10:00 AM to 12:00 AM. Pollen release occurred at about 09:30 AM and was quickly collected. The stigmas became receptive at around 12:00 AM. The pollinators of C. uiti included the bees Apis mellifera, Xylocopa sp. and Bombus sp., and three species of wasps. This conclusion was based on the observation that these hymenopterans had C. uiti pollen on their bodies, visited the receptive flowers, and touched the anthers and stigmas, thereby promoting pollination. Of these floral visitors, A. mellifera was considered to be the most efficient pollinator. However, mixed pollination also occurred. The number of C. uiti flowers visited in the morning (n = 52) was three times smaller than in the afternoon (n = 62), and the species richness of floral visitors was also bigger in the afternoon (eight in the afternoon versus five in the morning). This finding indicated that these floral visitors preferred to exploit nectar rather than pollen. Controlled pollination experiments showed that C. uiti was a self-incompatible species that produced fruits only by cross-pollination. Treatments such as agamospermy and spontaneous and self-pollinations did not produce fruits.

Pollination of the Rain-Forest Tree Syzygium Tierneyanum (Myrtaceae) at Kuranda, Northern Queensland

1980 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 223 ◽  
Author(s):  
SD Hopper
Keyword(s):  
Rain Forest ◽  
Foraging Behaviour ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Forest Tree ◽  
The Self ◽  
Spatial Partitioning ◽  
Mass Flowering ◽  
Foraging Modes ◽  
Flowering Branch ◽  
Floral Visitors

The identity, abundance and foraging behaviour of pollinators of the self-compatible, mass-flowering Syzygium tierneyanum were investigated. Forty-five species of nectarivorous animals were recorded. Diurnal visitors included seven bird; nine butterfly. four moth (including two hawkmoth), two bee, two ant, one wasp, three blowfly, one fruit fly, two beetle and one weevil species. while nocturnal visitors included one bat and 12 moth (including three hawkmoth) species. Floral dimensions were such that only the vertebrate and larger insect species regularly contacted anthers and stigmas while foraging. Of these groups the feral honey bee (Apis mellifera) was the most common flowet visitor. Honeyeaters and hawkmoths appeared to be the most important native pollinators; they were abundant in the study area and visited numerous flowers (50-250) in quick succession (1-3 s per flower) on each foraging bout. The only major differences in foraging times observed in the pollinator array were between diurnal, diurnal and crepuscular, and nocturnal floral visitors. Spatial partitioning of the nectar resource was limited to one instance of territoriality involving a Macleay's honeyeater (Meliphaga rnacleayana) on a densely flowering branch prior to peak blooming time, occasional aggressive chases by honeyeaters, and a division of foraging modes into rapid, erratic flights of 0.5– 4 m between flowers (hawkmoths) as against nearest-flower movements (all other groups). This lack of major spatial partitioning may have been due to the mass flowering of S. tierneyanum and the resultant superabundance of nectar. The vast majority (c. 99.95%) of interflower movements observed in foraging bouts of birds (and of hawkmoths) were within the same plant. This suggests that most seeds of S. tierneyanum may be derived from self-pollination.

scholarly journals Breeding biology and distyly in Palicourea rigida H. B. & K. (Rubiaceae) in the Cerrados of Central Brazil

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 686-696 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana de Oliveira Machado ◽  
Ana Palmira Silva ◽  
Helder Consolaro ◽  
Mariluza A. Granja e Barros ◽  
Paulo Eugênio Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Floral Biology ◽  
Nectar Production ◽  
Central Brazil ◽  
Palicourea Rigida ◽  
Floral Visitors ◽  
Compatible Pollen ◽  
Incompatibility Reactions

Distyly is a floral polymorphism more common among the Rubiaceae than in any other angiosperm group. Palicourea rigida is a typically distylous species of the Rubiaceae widely distributed in the Brazilian Cerrados. This work aimed to study the floral biology and breeding system of P. rigida in order to verify if there wasasymmetry between floral morphs. The work was carried out at Fazenda Água Limpa, Brasília-DF, from 1993 to 1995; and at Serra Caldas Novas State Park-Goias and in Clube Caça e Pesca Itororó de Uberlândia-Minas Gerais in 2005 and 2006. Density, height and pin/thrum ratio were assessed for flowering individuals in all areas. Plants were investigated for differences in floral morphology, nectar production, reproductive success and site of self incompatibility reactions. Blooming period was long and concentrated during the rains. Flowers were clearly distylous and with reciprocal herkogamy. They produced nectar and lasted for a single day. In spite of differences in density and height, populations were mostly isoplethic. Nectar production varied in volume and concentration but the differences could not be associated with floral morphs. The species is self-incompatible but reproductive success was always high and independent of floral morphs. There were differences in the site of incompatibility barriers between floral morphs, which were similar to those observed for other Rubiaceae. The main floral visitors and pollinators were the hummingbirds Colibri serrirostris and Eupetomena macroura. High fruit-set indicates that the pollinators transported enough compatible pollen grains between floral morphs, despite their territorial behavior.

A model of risk-sensitive foraging for a reproducing animal

1991 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 787-792 ◽  
Author(s):  
John M. McNamara ◽  
Salah Merad ◽  
Alasdair I. Houston
Keyword(s):  
Risk Sensitive ◽  
Risk Sensitive Foraging
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