scholarly journals Scalar Verb Classes

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Tamm
Keyword(s):  
Thematic Roles ◽  
Verb Classes ◽  
Linguistic Form ◽  
Case Marking ◽  
Transitive Verbs

This monograph discusses scalar verb classes. It tests theories of linguistic form and meaning, arguments and thematic roles, using Estonian data. The analyses help to understand the aspectual structure of Estonian. In Estonian, transitive verbs fall into aspectual classes based on the type of case-marking of objects and adjuncts. The book relates the morphosyntactic frames of verbs to properties typically associated with adjectives and nouns: scalarity and boundedness. Verbs are divided according to how their aspect is composed. Some verbs lexicalize a scale, which can be bounded either lexically or compositionally. Aspectual composition involves the unification of features. Compositionally derived structures differ according to which of the aspectually relevant dimensions are bounded.

Case Marking and French Psych-Verbs

1992 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Herschensohn
Keyword(s):  
Subject Position ◽  
Thematic Roles ◽  
Thematic Role ◽  
Accusative Case ◽  
Verb Classes ◽  
Syntactic Position ◽  
Psych Verbs ◽  
Transitive Verbs ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Syntactic Behavior

This article confirms that two classes of psych-verbs in French, amuser-type ("accusative") and manquer-type ("unaccusative"), involve movement into the subject position. However, the two classes are distinguished by their ability to assign accusative Case: the former assign accusative Case and thereby mimic the syntactic behavior of transitive verbs; the latter assign only partitive Case, thus precluding accusative clitics, passive and WH extraction. The existence of different syntactic configurations of thematic roles with different psych-verb classes indicates a lack of direct correlation between syntactic position and thematic role.

Thematic Asymmetries Do Matter! A Corpus Study of German Word Order

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Verhoeven
Keyword(s):  
Word Order ◽  
Information Structure ◽  
Thematic Roles ◽  
Corpus Study ◽  
Verb Classes ◽  
German Word ◽  
Case Marking ◽  
Argument Realization ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Large Corpus

This article addresses the question of whether the influence of thematic roles (in particular, experiencers and patients) on word order is an epiphenomenal effect of other factors (such as information structure and animacy). For this purpose, I have investigated argument realization with different verb classes, including canonical verbs and either agentive or nonagentive experiencer-object verbs with varying case marking (dative or accusative), in a large corpus of written German. The obtained results indicate that the experiencer-first effect is at least to some extent triggered by other factors, in particular animacy. However, after subtracting the effect resulting from these factors, the impact of the thematic properties remains, and therefore it is necessary to explain the whole range of data.*

Perfectivity, telicity and Estonian verbs

2007 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Tamm
Keyword(s):  
Functional Structure ◽  
Functional Grammar ◽  
Constituent Structure ◽  
Case Alternation ◽  
Verb Classes ◽  
Lexical Functional Grammar ◽  
Case Marking ◽  
Case Markers

This paper discusses telicity and perfectivity in Estonian. Neither of these categories corresponds exactly to the Estonian object case alternation, which is argued to reflect predicate or clause aspectual properties and not the NP-related properties of objects. The aim of this account is to accommodate the systematic compatibility of verb classes with certain clausal aspectual object case marking patterns. The paper proposes a way of understanding the interaction between verbal and clausal aspect in terms of boundedness and formalizes it in the framework of Lexical Functional Grammar (LFG). The features of verbs and case markers determine the clausal aspect from different constituents at the syntactic level of constituent structure. The information is unified at another syntactic level, functional structure.

scholarly journals Semantic and syntactic demarcations of Classical Greek object cases: An object(ive) study

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 107
Author(s):  
AJ Murphy ◽  
Stanley Dubinsky ◽  
Mark Beck
Keyword(s):  
Case Marking ◽  
Change Of State ◽  
Transitive Verbs ◽  
Direct Objects

In Classical Greek, many verbs take direct objects marked with genitive (GEN) or dative (DAT), rather than accusative (ACC) case. Traditional grammars (Smyth 1956, Boas et al. 2019) fail to offer principled descriptions or accounts of the distribution of ACC, GEN, DAT object case for transitive verbs. This paper analyzes a corpus involving case-assigning transitive verbs, and examines Luraghi’s 2010 Transitivity Hierarchy in this context. We find that, while her ranking of verbs’ transitivity is correct, the features used to determine the hierarchy are not. Our study demonstrates a highly significant correlation between a verb’s level of transitivity (as indicated by the case marking on its object) and the Proto-role Properties of Change of State and subject Volitionality (Dowty 1991).

Structural and inherent case in the non-native processing of Spanish: Constraints on inflectional variability

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Holger Hopp ◽  
Mayra E. León Arriaga
Keyword(s):  
Native Speakers ◽  
L2 Acquisition ◽  
Case Marking ◽  
Default Case ◽  
Transitive Verbs ◽  
Ditransitive Verbs ◽  
Object Marking ◽  
Structural Case ◽  
Inherent Case ◽  
Acceptability Judgments

This article reports an eye-tracking study on the native and non-native processing of case in Spanish. Twenty-four native and 27 first language (L1) German non-native speakers of Spanish were tested on their sensitivity to case marking violations involving structural case with objects of ditransitive verbs and to violations of inherent case for objects of transitive verbs (differential object marking; DOM). Both groups distinguished between grammatical and ungrammatical case marking for all sentence types in off-line acceptability judgments. In reading, however, the non-native speakers, unlike the native speakers, were sensitive only to violations of structural case marking with ditransitive verbs and the erroneous realization of DOM with inanimate objects. In contrast, they did not show processing slowdowns for the omission of DOM with animate objects. We interpret the asymmetry in non-native processing as reflecting sensitivity of the parser to grammatical feature hierarchies in that the parser licenses default case markings, yet flags feature clashes occasioned by the suppliance of erroneous inflectional forms with inherent case marking. We discuss the findings in the context of current approaches to second language (L2) acquisition and processing.

scholarly journals Ergativity Case-Marking in Batak Toba Language

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-87
Author(s):  
Sisila Fitriany Damanik ◽  
Mulyadi Mulyadi
Keyword(s):  
Basic Construction ◽  
Intransitive Verb ◽  
Case Marking ◽  
Transitive Verbs ◽  
Intransitive Verbs

Batak Toba Language (BTL) is an accusative, ergative and split-S language. It is called accusative because BTL has an active diathesis basic construction. In the BTL, the active diathesis clause is morphologically marked on the verb (head marking) by adding the prefix /ma-/, /maN-/ or zero prefix (occurred in some verbs that can stand without affixes). BTL is categorized ergative, firstly, because in the basic S argument from the intransitive verbs in BTL can be semantically gets the most influence from the verb, and it is also applied as O of intransitive verbs. Secondly, By using treatment parameters S equal to O and different from A in nominal construction. BTL is also categorized as split-S language because the behavior is that the agent-like argument of intransitive verb (Sa) in transitive verbs can be nominalized with /par-/ affixes, while the patient-like arguments of other intransitive patients cannot be nominalized with /par-/ affixes

scholarly journals Towards an RRG analysis of constructions with a morphologcal causaive in some Altaic languages

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-120
Author(s):  
Valeria Generalova
Keyword(s):  
Role And Reference Grammar ◽  
Case Marking ◽  
Causative Constructions ◽  
Reference Grammar ◽  
Transitive Verbs ◽  
Logical Structures

The present paper examines Bashkir and Kalmyk construction formed from transitive verbs by means of causative suffixes1. We refer to these constructions to “constructions with a morphological causative”. The paper also references other Altaic languages (Mishar Tatar, Nanai, Tuvinian, Khakas). The main focus of the paper is on the valence-increasing behavior of causatives. Primary attention is drawn to the case marking of the Causee since Altaic languages allow several options for that. The paper describes in detail the existing alternation and reviews prior explanations of this phenomenon. It then couches the explanation for the alternation within the framework of Role and Reference Grammar. The analysis identifies that Altaic constructions in question are somehow peculiar compared to general trends. After discussing the advantages and drawbacks of various theoretical interpretations of this peculiarity, we conclude that it is best to link two different causative constructions to two different logical structures. We also suggest constructional schemata for Kalmyk and Bashkir to include in the Linking Algorithm.

scholarly journals Estonian Transitive Verb Classes, Object Case, and Progressive

Nordlyd ◽  
10.7557/12.30 ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Tamm
Keyword(s):  
Class Membership ◽  
Nominative Case ◽  
Transitive Verb ◽  
Case Assignment ◽  
Verb Classes ◽  
Case Marking ◽  
Verb Classification

This article examines the relation between aspect and object case in Estonian and establishes a verb classification that predicts many facets of object case behavior. It is demonstrated that the aspectual opposition between perfectivity and imperfectivity correspond to the morphological opposition between genitive/nominative case marking and partitive object case marking. However, case marking of Estonian objects is shown to be an unreliable indicator for aspectual verb class membership. The verb classification proposed here is established on the basis of tests that involve only the partitive object case. These tests employ the Estonian progressive. The tests distinguish verb classes from each other according to the situations they typically describe and predict several conditions of case assignment of patterns.

Kick-Starting Female Careers

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 193-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanja Hentschel ◽  
Lisa Kristina Horvath ◽  
Claudia Peus ◽  
Sabine Sczesny
Keyword(s):  
Word Pair ◽  
Linguistic Form ◽  
Gender Neutral ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activities ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. Entrepreneurship programs often aim at increasing women’s lower entrepreneurial activities. We investigate how advertisements for entrepreneurship programs can be designed to increase women’s application intentions. Results of an experiment with 156 women showed that women indicate (1) lower self-ascribed fit to and interest in the program after viewing a male-typed image (compared to a gender-neutral or female-typed image) in the advertisement; and (2) lower self-ascribed fit to and interest in the program as well as lower application intentions if the German masculine linguistic form of the term “entrepreneur” (compared to the gender-fair word pair “female and male entrepreneur”) is used in the recruitment advertisement. Women’s reactions are most negative when both a male-typed image and the masculine linguistic form appear in the advertisement. Self-ascribed fit and program interest mediate the relationship of advertisement characteristics on application intentions.

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