scholarly journals Leg circles no Cadillac: efeito de diferentes posições de mola na ativação de estabilizadores do tronco

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-160
Author(s):  
Catiane Souza ◽  
Edgar Santiago Wagner Neto ◽  
Fabiane De Oliveira Brauner ◽  
Debora Cantergi ◽  
Willian Dhein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Activity ◽  
Rectus Abdominis ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Maximum Voluntary Isometric Contraction ◽  
Rectus Abdominus ◽  
Power House ◽  
Lower Activation ◽  
Pilates Method ◽  
External Oblique ◽  
Internal Oblique

Introdução: A correta ativação da musculatura estabilizadora do tronco é essencial em diversas situações, inclusive prevenção e tratamento de lombalgias. A ativação adequada desses músculos é um princípio do Método Pilates, porém nem todos os efeitos das variações dos exercícios estão descritos da literatura. Objetivo: comparar a atividade elétrica de músculos do power house (reto abdominal, oblíquo externo, oblíquo interno/transverso abdominal e multífido) durante a execução do exercício Leg Circles no aparelho Cadillac com mola alta e com mola baixa. Métodos: Foram selecionadas 10 instrutoras de Pilates, 30 anos (±5), 58 Kg (±7), estatura 163 cm (±7) que foram submetidas a testes de contrações isométricas voluntárias máximas, e logo após, à realização do Leg Circles no Cadillac com a mola alta e baixa. Foi coletada a atividade elétrica dos músculos reto abdominal, oblíquo interno/transverso abdominal, oblíquo externo e multífido. Resultados: A ativação do oblíquo interno foi maior na mola alta (p=0,002), assim como a ativação do multífido (p=0,042). Já o oblíquo externo foi mais ativado na mola baixa (p=0,001). O reto abdominal não variou sua ativação (p=0,375). Conclusão: A mola alta pode ser acatada como a posição mais adequada para ativar a musculatura profunda do tronco, visto que nesta situação houve maior ativação do multífido e do oblíquo interno/transverso abdominal, somados à menor ativação do oblíquo externo e a baixa ativação no reto abdominal encontrados na situação com mola alta. ABSTRACT. Leg circles on Cadillac: effect of different spring positions on the activation of stabilizers in the trunk. Background: The correct activation of the trunk stabilizing muscles is essential in several situations, including prevention and treatment of low back pain. Proper activation of these muscles is a principle of the Pilates Method, but not all the effects of exercise variations are described in the literature. Objective: compare the electric activity of power house muscles (rectus abdominis, external oblique, internal oblique/transverse abdominal and multifidus) during the execution of the Leg Circles exercise with high spring and low spring in Cadillac apparatus. Methods: Ten Pilates instructors were selected, with 30 years (±5), 58 kg (±7), 163 cm (±7) who underwent maximum voluntary isometric contraction tests before the execution of the Leg Circles on the Cadillac, with high and low spring. The electrical activity of the rectus abdominis, internal oblique/transverso abdominal, external oblique and multifidus muscles was collected. Results: The internal oblique (p=0,002) and the multifidus (p=0,042) activations were greater on the high spring. However, the external oblique showed a higher activation on the lower spring (p = 0.001). The abdominal rectus did not change its activation = 0.375). Conclusion: The high spring can be considered as the most suitable position to ac-tivate the deep musculature of the trunk, since the greater activation of the multifidus and of the internal oblique/transverse abdominal, together with the lower activation of the external oblique and the low acti-vation in the rectus abdominus found in the high spring situation.

Abdominal Muscles Dominate Contributions to Vertebral Joint Stiffness during the Push-up

2008 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 130-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel J. Howarth ◽  
Tyson A.C. Beach ◽  
Jack P. Callaghan
Keyword(s):  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Rectus Abdominis ◽  
Erector Spinae ◽  
Abdominal Muscles ◽  
Rotational Stiffness ◽  
Flexion Extension ◽  
External Oblique ◽  
Axial Twist ◽  
Internal Oblique ◽  
Push Up

The goal of this study was to quantify the relative contributions of each muscle group surrounding the spine to vertebral joint rotational stiffness (VJRS) during the push-up exercise. Upper-body kinematics, three-dimensional hand forces and lumbar spine postures, and 14 channels (bilaterally from rectus abdominis, external oblique, internal oblique, latissimus dorsi, thoracic erector spinae, lumbar erector spinae, and multifidus) of trunk electromyographic (EMG) activity were collected from 11 males and used as inputs to a biomechanical model that determined the individual contributions of 10 muscle groups surrounding the lumbar spine to VJRS at five lumbar vertebral joints (L1-L2 to L5-S1). On average, the abdominal muscles contributed 64.32 ± 8.50%, 86.55 ± 1.13%, and 83.84 ± 1.95% to VJRS about the flexion/extension, lateral bend, and axial twist axes, respectively. Rectus abdominis contributed 43.16 ± 3.44% to VJRS about the flexion/extension axis at each lumbar joint, and external oblique and internal oblique, respectively contributed 52.61 ± 7.73% and 62.13 ± 8.71% to VJRS about the lateral bend and axial twist axes, respectively, at all lumbar joints with the exception of L5-S1. Owing to changes in moment arm length, the external oblique and internal oblique, respectively contributed 55.89% and 50.01% to VJRS about the axial twist and lateral bend axes at L5-S1. Transversus abdominis, multifidus, and the spine extensors contributed minimally to VJRS during the push-up exercise. The push-up challenges the abdominal musculature to maintain VJRS. The orientation of the abdominal muscles suggests that each muscle primarily controls the rotational stiffness about a single axis.

scholarly journals Core Muscle Activation in Suspension Training Exercises

2017 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Cugliari ◽  
Gennaro Boccia
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Rectus Abdominis ◽  
Erector Spinae ◽  
Maximum Voluntary Isometric Contraction ◽  
Repeated Measures Design ◽  
External Oblique ◽  
Core Training ◽  
Training Exercises ◽  
Electromyographic Signals ◽  
Roll Out

AbstractA quantitative observational laboratory study was conducted to characterize and classify core training exercises executed in a suspension modality on the base of muscle activation. In a prospective single-group repeated measures design, seventeen active male participants performed four suspension exercises typically associated with core training (roll-out, bodysaw, pike and knee-tuck). Surface electromyographic signals were recorded from lower and upper parts of rectus abdominis, external oblique, internal oblique, lower and upper parts of erector spinae muscles using concentric bipolar electrodes. The average rectified values of electromyographic signals were normalized with respect to individual maximum voluntary isometric contraction of each muscle. Roll-out exercise showed the highest activation of rectus abdominis and oblique muscles compared to the other exercises. The rectus abdominis and external oblique reached an activation higher than 60% of the maximal voluntary contraction (or very close to that threshold, 55%) in roll-out and bodysaw exercises. Findings from this study allow the selection of suspension core training exercises on the basis of quantitative information about the activation of muscles of interest. Roll-out and bodysaw exercises can be considered as suitable for strength training of rectus abdominis and external oblique muscles.

scholarly journals Are There Any Differences in Abdominal Activation between Women and Men during Hypopressive Exercises?

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (13) ◽  
pp. 6984
Author(s):  
Iria Da Cuña-Carrera ◽  
Alejandra Alonso-Calvete ◽  
Eva M. Lantarón-Caeiro ◽  
Mercedes Soto-González
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Muscle Thickness ◽  
Standing Position ◽  
Rectus Abdominis ◽  
Transversus Abdominis ◽  
Abdominal Muscles ◽  
External Oblique ◽  
Internal Oblique ◽  
Significant Activation

This study analyzes the effects of hypopressive exercises on the abdominal thickness of healthy subjects and compares the performance between women and men. We conducted a transversal observational study in 98 subjects (63% women). The muscle thickness is analyzed in transversus abdominis, internal oblique, external oblique, and rectus abdominis with ultrasound imaging at rest and during the hypopressive exercise (HE) in supine and standing position. Comparisons between rest and hypopressive exercise are carried out in the two different positions and between women and men. In the supine position, there is a significant activation of the transversus abdominis and internal oblique during hypopressive exercise (p < 0.001), and it is similar in both sexes, the external oblique is only activated significantly by men (p < 0.001) and rectus abdominis had no significant activation (p > 0.05). Our results show that standing transversus abdominis and external oblique significantly increased their thickness during HE with higher effects in men. Internal oblique also increased significantly, but with higher effects in women, and rectus abdominis had no significant increase. Men had similar effects to women during HE, with an activation of the deepest abdominal muscles. The unequal anatomy and the position could explain the different results obtained between the sexes.

Abdominal muscle activity during hypercapnia in awake dogs

1994 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 1393-1398 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Leevers ◽  
J. D. Road
Keyword(s):  
Tidal Volume ◽  
Muscle Layer ◽  
Abdominal Muscle ◽  
Rectus Abdominis ◽  
Transversus Abdominis ◽  
Emg Activity ◽  
Abdominal Muscles ◽  
Co2 Rebreathing ◽  
External Oblique ◽  
Internal Oblique

We previously found the internal abdominal muscle layer to be preferentially recruited during expiratory threshold loading in anesthetized and awake dogs. Expiratory threshold loading increases end-expiratory lung volume and hence can activate reflex pathways such as tonic vagal reflexes, which could influence abdominal muscle recruitment. Our objectives in the present study were to determine the effects of hypercapnia on abdominal muscle activation and the pattern of recruitment in awake dogs. Five tracheotomized dogs were chronically implanted with sonomicrometer transducers and fine-wire electromyogram (EMG) electrodes in each of the four abdominal muscles: transversus abdominis, internal oblique, external oblique, and rectus abdominis. Muscle length changes and EMG activity were studied in the awake dog at rest and during CO2 rebreathing. CO2 rebreathing produced a tripling of tidal volume and activation of the abdominal muscles. Despite the increase in tidal volume, there was no significant change in abdominal muscle end-inspiratory length. Both tonic and phasic expiratory shortening were greater in the internal muscle layer (transversus abdominis and internal oblique) than in the external muscle layer (external oblique and rectus abdominis). We conclude that the internal abdominal muscles are preferentially recruited by hypercapnia and vagal reflexes probably do not contribute to this differential recruitment but that segmental reflexes may be involved. The mechanical consequences of this recruitment are discussed.

Recruitment of Shoulder Prime Movers and Torso Stabilizers During Push-Up Exercises Using a Suspension Training System

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (7) ◽  
pp. 993-1000
Author(s):  
James W. Youdas ◽  
Hannah E. Baartman ◽  
Brian J. Gahlon ◽  
Tyler J. Kohnen ◽  
Robert J. Sparling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pectoralis Major ◽  
Rectus Abdominis ◽  
Erector Spinae ◽  
Muscle Recruitment ◽  
Serratus Anterior ◽  
Anterior Deltoid ◽  
Prime Movers ◽  
External Oblique ◽  
Internal Oblique ◽  
Push Up

Context: Suspension training devices use body weight resistance and unstable support surfaces that may facilitate muscle recruitment during push-up exercises. Objective: The authors examined muscle recruitment with surface electromyography on 4 shoulder and 4 torso muscles during (1) standard push-ups, (2) feet-suspended push-ups, (3) hands-suspended push-ups, and (4) dual-instability push-ups in which feet were suspended and hands were on unstable surfaces. Design: Cross-sectional design with repeated measures. Setting: Biomechanics laboratory. Participants: Thirty-two healthy men and women (mean age, 24.3 y; mean body mass index, 24.6 kg·m−2) participated. Intervention: Participants were tested while performing 2 repetitions each of 4 variations of push-ups. Main Outcome Measures: Muscle recruitment, normalized to maximum voluntary isometric contraction, was measured in 4 prime movers (anterior deltoid, pectoralis major, serratus anterior, and triceps brachii) and 4 torso stabilizers (external oblique, internal oblique, rectus abdominis, and upper erector spinae). Results: Muscle recruitment in the anterior deltoid, pectoralis major, and serratus anterior during suspended exercises was no greater than during standard push-ups. In contrast, torso stabilizer recruitment was significantly greater in the external oblique, internal oblique, and rectus abdominis during all 3 suspended exercises compared with standard push-ups. Suspended exercises under a dual-instability condition did not generate greater levels of muscle activation compared with conditions of single instability. Conclusions: Push-ups performed with suspension training systems may provide benefit if one’s goal is to enhance torso muscle training. One unstable surface may be sufficiently challenging for the client or athlete when performing push-up exercises with a suspension training device.

scholarly journals Intra-examiner and inter-examiner reliability of rehabilitative ultrasound imaging for lumbar multifidus and anterolateral abdominal muscles in females with recurrent low back pain: an observational, cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (87) ◽  
pp. 286-293
Author(s):  
Hamid Zamani ◽  
Mahdi Dadgoo ◽  
Mohammad Akbari ◽  
Javier Fernández-Jara ◽  
Mohammadreza Pourahmadi
Keyword(s):  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Ultrasound Imaging ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Rater Reliability ◽  
Lumbar Multifidus ◽  
Transverse Abdominis ◽  
External Oblique ◽  
Recurrent Low Back Pain ◽  
Internal Oblique

Aim: To examine the reliability of rehabilitative ultrasound imaging performed to measure the thickness of the transverse abdominis, internal oblique, external oblique, and lumbar multifidus muscles in females with recurrent low back pain. Material and methods: A sample of 15 women was recruited. Two independent examiners recorded the thickness of their deep abdominal and spinal muscles by rehabilitative ultrasound imaging. Imaging scans of the transverse abdominis, internal oblique, and external oblique muscles were performed in the supine position and in the midaxillary line, between the lower edge of the ribcage and the iliac crest. Imaging of the lumbar multifidus was done in the prone position and at the level of the L5/S1 zygapophyseal joints. Imaging scans were performed bilaterally in rest and contraction, three times by the first examiner (at baseline, after two hours, and one week later) and once by the second examiner. Results: Good to excellent within-session intra-rater (ICC = 0.76, 0.97), good to excellent between-session intra-rater reliability (ICC = 0.73, 0.93), and good to excellent inter-rater reliability (ICC = 0.73, 0.98) were obtained. Conclusions: The results showed that rehabilitative ultrasound imaging can be used as an excellent reliable instrument by one or two examiners to measure the thickness of the transverse abdominis, internal oblique, external oblique and lumbar multifidus muscles in females with recurrent low back pain.

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