Corrosion Products and Desalting Treatments of Copper and Copper Alloy (Bronze)

ABSTRACTThe copper sulfate minerals chalcanthite (CuSO4.5H20), antlerite (Cu3SO4(OH)4), and brochantite (Cu4SO4(OH)6) are observed as corrosion products on copper alloy objects such as statues which are exposed to weathering. The usual product in aqueous corrosion is brochantite, though posnjakite (Cu4SO4(OH)6H20) is also known. No copper sulfate mineral is commonly found in artifacts recovered from near-surface burial. These observations can be explained in terms of stability diagrams and microbiological activity.

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Characterisation of copper alloy antique ornamental accessories found in Northern Albania

Open Journal of Archaeometry ◽

10.4081/arc.2014.5506 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Olta Çakaj ◽

Edlira Duka ◽

Zamir Tafilica ◽

Frederik Stamati ◽

Nikolla Civici ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Copper Alloy ◽

Evaluation Method ◽

Chemical Elements ◽

Casting Process ◽

Metallic Alloys ◽

Corrosion Products ◽

X Ray ◽

Lead Alloys ◽

Polarised Light

This study was performed to determine the chemical elements used to produce ancient metallic alloys and to understand the manufacture technique of three archaeological founds. It also presents an evaluation method of the objects’ authenticity based on the observation of the corrosion products. This article also includes three ornamental accessories ca. VII-IV century BC found in the vicinity of Shkodra (Albania). A necklace, a belt application and a button are examined using X ray fluorescence (XRF) to determine the chemical composition and optical microscopy (OM) with reflected and polarised light in order to study the microstructure and the corrosion products. From the XRF results all the objects are bronze, copper-tin and copper-tin-lead alloys. After the OM analysis they are authentic objects (not fake replicas) and might have been produced after a casting process in moulds.

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Corrosion products and microstructure of copper alloy coins from the Byzantine-period Ma'agan Mikhael B shipwreck, Israel

Microchemical Journal ◽

10.1016/j.microc.2018.08.033 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 143 ◽

pp. 400-409 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

A. Inberg ◽

D. Ashkenazi ◽

M. Cohen ◽

N. Iddan ◽

D. Cvikel

Keyword(s):

Copper Alloy ◽

Corrosion Products ◽

Byzantine Period

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Study on corrosion products removal in PWR primary circuit

Revue Générale Nucléaire ◽

10.1051/rgn/19942142 ◽

1994 ◽

pp. 142-144

Author(s):

M. Koike ◽

K. Matsukawa ◽

D. Kojima ◽

F. Fukuda ◽

Y. Tsuzuki

Keyword(s):

Corrosion Products ◽

Primary Circuit

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Determining whiskering properties of tin-copper alloy solder-dipped platings

Periodica Polytechnica Electrical Engineering ◽

10.3311/pp.ee.2010-3-4.04 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 54 (3-4) ◽

pp. 107

Author(s):

Barbara Horváth ◽

Balázs Illés ◽

Tadashi Shinohara ◽

Gábor Harsányi

Keyword(s):

Copper Alloy ◽

Alloy Solder

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A Romanesque crucifix from Macewen's Castle, Loch Fyne, Mid Argyll

Glasgow Archaeological Journal ◽

10.3366/gas.1989.16.16.81 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. 81-84

Author(s):

J. G. Scott

Keyword(s):

Copper Alloy ◽

12Th Century ◽

Made In

Summary This copper alloy crucifix was found during excavation at Macewen's Castle in Argyll in 1968 and closely resembles others known to date from the 12th century; it may have been made in Belgium. The arms could have been bent back to aid concealment in the 17th or 18th centuries.

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