Paroemias as Explication of Human Qualities in the English Language

The article studies human qualities and cultural features through a zoomorphic cultural code. The authors analyzed English paroemias, which are the most distinctive and culture-specific language system, which contributes to define the native speaker’s worldview features. As a result of the analysis, the authors defined groups of paroemias in which the description of human qualities was found in paroemiological units and figurative content which are related to cultural and national features of the English ethnic group. A component analysis of denotative space of the English paroemias showed that the most relevant for the British are such zoomorphic images as: dog, sheep, cat, horse, ox. The cultural and linguistic specifics, based on paroemias studied, are implicit and serve to create the expressiveness and a figurative meaning and, therefore, are a part of the connotative macro-component. The study, presented here, consulted A. A. Khazan’s English paroemiological dictionary “Russian-English-Latin dictionary of winged words and expressions” (Smolensk: Rusich, 2001), ethnolinguistic and linguocultural scientific works. The target of research is zoonymous proverbs and sayings in the English language. The research focuses on proverbs and sayings zoonyms, in the semantics of which there are cultural and linguistic components characterizing human qualities. The research methods include descriptive, statistic, transformational, distributive and componential analyzes.

HOW TO STILL RECOGNIZE THE PERIODIC TABLE OF ELEMENTS: THE PROPOSALS OF DIDACTIC AND METHODOLOGICAL PLANNING

The methodical approach presents the proposals of didactic-methodological planning of curriculum password "Fields in the periodic system" for the needs of the key components of teaching & learning process. The didactic-methodological proposal of each of the current macro-didactic components of the learning process includes the following didactic elements: chemical terms, method / method’s password, didactic tool, didactic material. For each macro-didactic component, it is planned to use one of the methods from the author's "methodic hexaplet", defined by the didactic formula ADDGPS: Analogy-Drama-Dance-Game-Pantomime-Socratic dialogue. The dance method is used to acquire the concepts of atomic orbitals and electronic configurations of the elements. The macro-component repeating involves the role-play method used to implement the Expeditionary Visit of PTE by using the Identity card of the element. Both methods of quiz conversation method according to Socrates and the Small PTE cells are used for evaluation. The use of all the mentioned methods is evaluated in terms of the competencies that must be mastered by the teacher, as well as the competencies that the student acquires when performing an individual method. Keywords: Periodic table of elements; chemical terms; ADDGPS methods (Analogy-Drama–Dance-Game-Pantomime-Socratic dialogue)

The role of macronutrients in the implementation of the corrective effect of low-mineralized water in experimental metabolic syndrome

Metabolic Syndrome (MS) is a widespread pathological condition, a group of interconnected metabolic disorders that contribute to the development of a number of severe noncommunicable pathologies. Natural mineral waters of various compositions are widely used in the correction of MS. Their biological activity and specificity of action is associated with the presence and number of specific components (micronutrients, biologically active substances). At the same time, the role of macrocomponents of the chemical composition of mineral waters with low mineralization in the implementation of their biological activity, most researchers do not pay enough attention.The purpose of the work: based on a comparative analysis of changes in the structure of internal organs of white rats with the model of MS, receiving mineral waters of the same balneological type (but quantitatively different macro composition), to assess the corrective effect of the macro component mineral waters for these changes.Materials and methods. The material of the study was the data of histological and histochemical studies of the internal organs of white rats of males weighing 280–320 g. Animals were ranked into 4 groups: I - group - intact rats that served as a control, ӀӀ group of rats with a model of MS; ӀӀӀ and ӀV groups, rats received the corresponding mineral waters against the background of MS modeling. The mineral waters used in the work were characterized by an increased (in close amounts) content of organic substances (C org.), similar in chemical but different in quantitative macro-component composition. At the same time, mineral waters practically did not differ in terms of total mineralization. Modeling of MS was carried out for 60 days by replacing 10% fructose solution in drinking water bowls, introducing white bread crackers into the diet, and excluding green mass from the diet. In groups where animals were corrected for MS, mineral waters were injected with an intragastric tube with olive at a dose of 1% of body weight daily, starting from the 60th day of the experiment, for 12 days. Upon completion of the experiment on day 72, histological sections (which were stained with hematoxylin-eosin) were made from the extracted pieces of the heart, stomach, liver and kidneys. The succinatedehydrogenase (SDH) and lactatedehydrogenase (LDH) activity were determined on the prepared cryostat sections.Using a light microscope, changes in the structure of the above organs and changes in the activity of oxidative-restorative enzymes were evaluated. When modeling MS in rats, an increase in the amount of visceral fat and a significant increase in fasting glucose levels were noted. In the studied internal organs there were signs of dystrophic changes, high activity of oxidative-restorative enzymes, signs of impaired water metabolism. In animals of the ӀӀӀ group, the use of mineral water was accompanied by normalization of the myocardial structure. In other organs studied, there were preserved foci of residual manifestations of dystrophy against the background of a general restoration of the structure.In animals of the ӀV group, upon completion of the mineral water intake, normalization of the structure of the stomach and myocardium and the preservation of diffuse manifestations of degeneration in the liver and kidneys were established. The activity of oxidative-restorative enzymes was approaching normal; some manifestations of changes in water metabolism in the animal organism persisted. At the end of the use of both mineral waters, a significant decrease was found in the content of visceral fat around the intestines, renal capsule, under the pericardium, which correlated with a decrease in the animal’s body weight and restoration of the fasting blood glucose level to the cereal level. The authors believe that the established features of the corrective effect of both mineral waters on changes in the structure of internal organs are explained not so much by the difference in the content and ratio of the bioactive component (C org.), But by differences in the content of macronutrients.In mineral waters obtained by rats of group III, the content of Cl– and SO4+2 ions is 2.30 and 3.67 times, and Ca2+ and Мg2+ ions are 2.75 and 4.57 more than in mineral waters, which received rats of group IV. However, the content of HCO3–, Na+, K+ is 1.14 and 1.30 times higher in the mineral waters obtained by rats of group IV. Conclusions. It can be assumed that the minerals involved in the implementation of the biological activity of mineral water, changing the metabolic background, on which the bioactive element of mineral water in the form of C org., Has a more intense corrective effect.

FACTORS HINDERING THE ACHIEVEMENT OF ENGLISH COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCE

English communicative competence is one of the prime preferences for learners in this current century, including tourism academy students. As the consequence, learners are equipped by relevant skills including how to articulate English communicative competence insight effectively. Learners are encouraged to fulfill the of micro and macro components of English communicative competence and minimize the factors hindered to be a competent English speaker. The aims of this research were to analyze the factors hindering communicative competence and disclose the micro and macro component problems of English communicative competence at the fourth semester of hotel department students enrolled in three-year diploma program in Denpasar tourism academy. This was descriptive-quantitative study and involved 30 students and one English lecturer as respondents at this college. Data were collected through in-depth interview, questionnaire, field observation, and students’ English communicative competence document. Then, data were analysed by using software program, Excel Chart Data Series. The result indicates that internal factors were more affecting than external factors and micro components were more complicated than macro components in the students’ English communicative competence.

Factors Hindering the Achievement of English Communicative Competence

English communicative competence is one of the prime preferences for learners in this current century, including tourism academy students. As the consequence, learners are equipped by relevant skills including how to articulate English communicative competence insight effectively. Learners are encouraged to fulfill the of micro and macro components of English communicative competence and minimize the factors hindered to be a competent English speaker. The aims of this research were to analyze the factors hindering communicative competence and disclose the micro and macro component problems of English communicative competence at the fourth semester of hotel department students enrolled in three-year diploma program in Denpasar tourism academy. This was descriptive-quantitative study and involved 30 students and one English lecturer as respondents at this college. Data were collected through in-depth interview, questionnaire, field observation, and students’ English communicative competence document. Then, data were analysed by using software program, Excel Chart Data Series. The result indicates that internal factors were more affecting than external factors and micro components were more complicated than macro components in the students’ English communicative competence.