scholarly journals Parallel versus serial processing and individual differences in high-speed search in human memory

2004 ◽  
Vol 66 (6) ◽  
pp. 953-962 ◽  
Author(s):  
James T. Townsend ◽  
Mario Fifić
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Human Memory ◽  
Serial Processing

3322 Analysis on Individual Differences in Seated Passengers' Vibrations in High Speed Railway Vehicles

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012.21 (0) ◽  
pp. 75-78
Author(s):  
Hiroshi TANAKA ◽  
Ryuzo HAYASHI ◽  
Masao NAGAI ◽  
Ryohei SHIMAMUNE ◽  
Shinichi HASEGAWA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
High Speed ◽  
High Speed Railway ◽  
Railway Vehicles

scholarly journals Effects of 10 Hz rTMS on the Neural Efficiency of Working Memory

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 447-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilbert Preston ◽  
Erik Anderson ◽  
Claudio Silva ◽  
Terry Goldberg ◽  
Eric M. Wassermann
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Human Memory ◽  
Task Behavior ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
Dorsolateral Prefrontal ◽  
Broad Array ◽  
Neural Efficiency

Working memory (WM) has been described as short-term retention of information that is no longer accessible in the environment, and the manipulation of this information for subsequent use in guiding behavior. WM is viewed as a cognitive process underlying higher-order cognitive functions. Evidence supports a critical role for PFC in mediating WM performance. Studies show psychomotor processing speed and accuracy account for considerable variance in neural efficiency (Ne). This study compared the relative effects of active and sham 10 Hz rTMS applied to dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) on indices of Ne in healthy participants performing a WM paradigm that models the association between WM load and task behavior [Sternberg, S. High-speed scanning in human memory. Science, 153, 652–654, 1966]. Previous studies identified a relationship between diminished Ne and impaired WM across a broad array of clinical disorders. In the present study, the authors predicted there would be a main effect of stimulation group (STM) on accuracy (SCR) and processing speed (RT), hence, Ne. We observed a main effect of STM for RT without an effect on SCR; even so, there was a robust effect of STM on Ne.

High-Speed Scanning in Human Memory

Science ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 153 (3736) ◽  
pp. 652-654 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Sternberg
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Human Memory

scholarly journals The Link Between Conceptual and Perceptual Information in Memory

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc N Coutanche
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Conceptual Knowledge ◽  
Human Memory ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Perceptual Information ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Conceptual Processing ◽  
Perceptual Systems

We continually draw on, and link, conceptual knowledge with perception as we process and interact with our surroundings. This chapter highlights issues at the intersection of perceptual and conceptual processing in human memory. First, it discusses the role of the brain’s perceptual systems and connected regions during conceptual processing. Next, a case study of real-world (or ‘canonical’) size is used to illustrate questions and issues that arise when seeking to understand phenomena that can require information from both perceptual input and semantic memory to be integrated. The influence of conceptual processing on perception is then described, before outlining some additional related factors: conceptual granularity, episodic memory, and individual differences. The chapter concludes by looking to the future of this research area – a field that requires a unique understanding of issues that lie at the heart of perception, memory, and more.

Individual Differences in Value-Directed Remembering

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Blake L. Elliott ◽  
Samuel M. McClure ◽  
Gene Arnold Brewer
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Working Memory Capacity ◽  
Human Memory ◽  
Memory Capacity ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Memory Encoding ◽  
Capacity Limits

Prioritized encoding and retrieval of valuable information is an essential component of human memory due to capacity limits. Individual differences in value-directed encoding may derive from variability in stimulus valuation, memory encoding, or from strategic abilities related to maintenance in working memory. We collected multiple cognitive ability measures to test whether variation in episodic memory, working memory capacity, or both predict differences in value-directed remembering among a large sample of participants (n=205). Confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling was used to assess the contributions of episodic and working memory to value sensitivity in value-directed remembering tasks. Episodic memory ability, but not working memory capacity, was predictive of value-directed remembering. These results suggest that cognitive processes may be differentially related to value-based memory encoding.

Individual differences and the suggestibility of human memory

10.1002/ch.95 ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 132-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Ost ◽  
Brian Fellows ◽  
Ray Bull
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Human Memory

scholarly journals Predicting University Students’ Exam Performance Using a Model-Based Adaptive Fact-Learning System

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Florian Sense ◽  
Maarten van der Velde ◽  
Hedderik van Rijn
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
University Students ◽  
Adaptive Learning ◽  
Human Memory ◽  
Learning Systems ◽  
Learning System ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Exam Performance ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Fact Learning

Modern educational technology has the potential to support students to use their study time more effectively. Learning analytics can indicate relevant individual differences between learners, which adaptive learning systems can use to tailor the learning experience to individual learners. For fact learning, cognitive models of human memory are well suited to tracing learners’ acquisition and forgetting of knowledge over time. Such models have shown great promise in controlled laboratory studies. To work in realistic educational settings, however, they need to be easy to deploy and their adaptive components should be based on individual differences relevant to the educational context and outcomes. Here, we focus on predicting university students’ exam performance using a model-based adaptive fact-learning system. The data presented here indicate that the system provides tangible benefits to students in naturalistic settings. The model’s estimate of a learner’s rate of forgetting predicts overall grades and performance on individual exam questions. This encouraging case study highlights the value of model-based adaptive fact-learning systems in classrooms

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