scholarly journals Sequential Diels–Alder/[3,3]-sigmatropic rearrangement reactions of β-nitrostyrene with 3-methyl-1,3-pentadiene

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 2137-2146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter A Wade ◽  
Alma Pipic ◽  
Matthias Zeller ◽  
Panagiota Tsetsakos
Keyword(s):  
Double Bond ◽  
Substituent Effects ◽  
Product Formation ◽  
Sigmatropic Rearrangement ◽  
Diels Alder ◽  
Initial Assessment ◽  
Concerted Mechanism ◽  
Rearrangement Process ◽  
Zwitterionic Intermediate ◽  
Nitronic Ester

The tin(IV)-catalyzed reaction of β-nitrostyrene with (E)-3-methyl-1,3-pentadiene in toluene afforded two major nitronic ester cycloadducts in 27% and 29% yield that arise from the reaction at the less substituted diene double bond. Also present were four cycloadducts from the reaction at the higher substituted diene double bond, two of which were the formal cycloadducts of (Z)-3-methyl-1,3-pentadiene. A Friedel–Crafts alkylation product from the reaction of the diene, β-nitrostyrene, and toluene was also obtained in 10% yield. The tin(IV)-catalyzed reaction of β-nitrostyrene with (Z)-3-methyl-1,3-pentadiene in dichloromethane afforded four nitronic ester cycloadducts all derived from the reaction at the higher substituted double bond. One cycloadduct was isolated in 45% yield and two others are formal adducts of the E-isomer of the diene. The product formation in these reactions is consistent with a stepwise mechanism involving a zwitterionic intermediate. The initially isolated nitronic ester cycloadducts underwent tin(IV)-catalyzed interconversion, presumably via zwitterion intermediates. Cycloadducts derived from the reaction at the less substituted double bond of (E)-3-methyl-1,3-pentadiene underwent a [3,3]-sigmatropic rearrangement on heating to afford 4-nitrocyclohexenes. Cycloadducts derived from the reaction at the higher substituted diene double bond of either diene failed to undergo a thermal rearrangement. Rates and success of the rearrangement are consistent with a concerted mechanism possessing a dipolar transition state. An initial assessment of substituent effects on the rearrangement process is presented.

Reaktive E =C (p—p)π-Systeme, X Darstellung und Reaktivität von Perfluor-3-phosphapent-2-en / Reactive E = C (p-p)π-Systems, X Preparation and Reactivity of Perfluoro-3-phosphapent-2-ene

1986 ◽  
Vol 41 (8) ◽  
pp. 974-980 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Grobe ◽  
Jürgen Szameitat
Keyword(s):  
Double Bond ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Diels Alder ◽  
Cycloaddition Reactions ◽  
Dilute Solution ◽  
Concerted Mechanism ◽  
Thermal Elimination ◽  
Acidic Compounds ◽  
New Compounds ◽  
First Time

Abstract Perfluoro-3-phosphapent-2-ene F5C2 P =C (F )CF3 (1) has been prepared for the first time by thermal elimination of trimethyltin fluoride Me3SnF from trim ethylstannyl-bis(pentafluoroethyl)- phosphane Me3SnP(C2F5) 2 at 300 °C/10−3 Torr. 1 is found to be less stable than F3CP = CF2 in dilute solution at room temperature, forming several 1,3-diphosphabutane dimers. Reactivity studies accomplished till now include (i) the dienophilicity of 1 in [2+4] cycloaddition reactions with butadiene, 2,3-dim ethylbutadiene, cyclopentadiene, 1,3-cyclohexadiene, 2-methylbutadiene, and 2-methylfuran leading by a concerted mechanism to the Diels-Alder-adducts 2-7 in about 80% yield, (ii) the addition of proton acidic compounds HX (X = OMe, Br, NMe2, NEt2) to the PC double bond affording chiral phosphanes of the type F5C2 P(X)CF(CF3)H [X = OMe (8). Br (9). NMe2 (10). NEt2 (11)]. thus proving a stronger polarity δ+P =δ−C for 1 than for F3CP = CF2. New compounds have been characterized by NMR and MS measurements.

scholarly journals REACTION OF PYRIDO[2,1-a]ISOINDOLE WITH З (R)- AND (S)- N-α-METHILBENZYLMALEIMIDE

2020 ◽  
pp. 44-47
Author(s):  
T. Yegorova ◽  
B. Barnych ◽  
Z. Voitenko
Keyword(s):  
Double Bond ◽  
Reaction Pathway ◽  
Twist Angle ◽  
Alder Reaction ◽  
Sigmatropic Rearrangement ◽  
Diels Alder ◽  
Exocyclic Double Bond ◽  
Slow Rotation ◽  
Diels Alder Reaction ◽  
Sigmatropic Shift

Selective chemical reactions create new possibilities for controlled synthesis of compounds with pre-designed properties for further use in medical chemistry, material science and other fields. This is especially useful for such synthetic methodology as [4+2] cycloaddition. Current work is dedicated to study of reactions between N-chiral maleinimides with cyclic dienes based on the pyridoisoindol. Pyrido[2,1-a]isoindol turned out to be the most practical object to study the first example of asymmetric variant of the Diels-Alder reaction involving condensed isoindols. Previously, we established that this heterocyclic system, in contrast to other azino- and azoloisoindols, upon undergoing cycloaddition with non-chiral maleinimides gives only rearranged adducts of the first type. This type of compounds have also interesting stereochemistry: in solid state they have twisted double bond (twist angle 7-10°), while in solution they exist as a mixture of athropodiastereomeres due to the asymmetric Carbon atom and hindered rotation around С–С bond between exocyclic double bond and 2-(α-pyridil)phenyl fragment. Initial expectation was that chiral induction would influence the ratio of corresponding athropodiastereomeres. Calculations show that there are four possible athropodiastereomeres due to the chiral center and sterically hindered chiral axis. In case of non-chiral dienophiles, reaction results in two major diastereomeres (for our purposes marked as A and B) with 70:30 ration and two minor isomers (marked С and D respectively), the latter constituting less than 5% of the total amount. Major and minor isomers are in constant complex equilibrium, controlled via slow rotation of around corresponding С-С bond on one hand (which is the reason for athropodiastereomeres between major forms A and B, shown via NMR spectra at different temperatures), and on the other hand – fast equilibrium due to the 1,5-sigmatropic shift (cause for the minor forms C and D). Target reaction was studied under standard conditions for this rearrangement and under the kinetic control in the inert atmosphere at -80°С using TiCl4 as catalyzer. We therefore show that reaction pathway is similar to our previous examples and results in rearranged adducts of the first type. Ratio of athropodiastereomeres (both major and minor forms) is different from previous examples using non-chiral 2-substituted maleimides. Asymmetric induction spontaneously transfers from influencing the Diels-Alder reaction to influencing synchronic sigmatropic rearrangement, which is the final stage in the formation of the rearranged adduct of the first type in condensed isoindol systems.

scholarly journals Stereoselective total syntheses of (±)-sinularene and (±)-5-epi-sinularene: a general intramolecular Diels–Alder approach to tricyclic sesquiterpenes

1985 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 993-995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazimierz Antczak ◽  
John F. Kingston ◽  
Alex G. Fallis
Keyword(s):  
Double Bond ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Total Synthesis ◽  
Ring System ◽  
Diels Alder ◽  
Exocyclic Double Bond ◽  
Total Syntheses ◽  
Methyl Group ◽  
Secondary Hydroxyl ◽  
Selective Hydrogenolysis

Stereoselective total synthesis of (±)-sinularene and (±)-5-epi-sinularene are described. The sequence employs a "blocked" cyclopentadiene in which the cyclopropane unit also serves as a latent methyl group. Thus intramolecular [4 + 2] cycloaddition of the substituted methyl spiro[2.4]hepta-4,6-dien-1-yl)-2-pentenoate 11 affords 5-benzyloxy-6-isopropyl-8-carbomethoxytetracyclo[5.4.01,7.02,4.02,9]undec-10-ene (12) which after selective hydrogenolysis generates the tricyclo[4.4.01,6.02,8]decane (sinularene) ring system. Removal of the secondary hydroxyl function (Ph3P/CCl4/CH3CN; H2/Pd/C), reduction of the methyl ester (LiAlH4), and introduction of the exocyclic double bond (acetate pyrolysis, 550 °C) completes the synthesis of (±)-sinularene in 14 steps from cyclopentadiene. A parallel series of reactions employing the isopropyl epimer of 12 affords (±)-5-epi-sinularene.

Synthetic and kinetic studies of substituent effects in the furan intramolecular Diels-Alder reaction

Tetrahedron ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 50 (23) ◽  
pp. 6767-6782 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian J. McNelis ◽  
Daniel D. Sternbach ◽  
Andrew T. MacPhail
Keyword(s):  
Substituent Effects ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Alder Reaction ◽  
Diels Alder ◽  
Diels Alder Reaction

An examination of substituent effects on the stabilization of a silicon-selenium double bond

2002 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 663-668 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsin-Yi Liao ◽  
Ming-Der Su ◽  
San-Yan Chu
Keyword(s):  
Double Bond ◽  
Substituent Effects

scholarly journals Sulfur Betaines from S-Propargyl Xanthates. Unusual Chemistry from a Simple Functional Group

Synthesis ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (05) ◽  
pp. 1006-1020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samir Zard
Keyword(s):  
Sigmatropic Rearrangement ◽  
Diels Alder ◽  
Ring Closure ◽  
Secondary Alcohols ◽  
Bond Forming ◽  
Alkylation Process ◽  
Carbon Carbon Bond ◽  
Carbon Acids ◽  
Propargyl Radicals ◽  
Unexpected Transformation

S-Propargyl xanthates undergo upon heating a [3,3] sigmatropic rearrangement followed by a reversible ring closure into a novel betaine. This betaine can be implicated in carbon–carbon bond forming processes, in the synthesis of esters, in the inversion of secondary alcohols, in the formation of alkenes, for the generation of rigid, cisoid dienes that are highly reactive in both inter- and intra-molecular Diels–Alder cycloadditions, and in various other synthetically useful transformations.1 Introduction2 An Unexpected Transformation3 Evidence for the Betaine Intermediate4 A Method for the Synthesis of Esters and for the Inversion of Secondary Alcohols5 A General Alkylation Process6 The Case of Carbon Acids7 A Synthesis of Alkenes8 Further Trapping Experiments. Concerted or Not Concerted?9 Rigid Cisoid Dienes10 Propargyl Radicals11 Concluding Remarks

scholarly journals Zur Reaktivität des Germaethens Me2Ge=C(SiMe3)2: Mechanistische Aspekte der Diels-Aider- und En-Reaktionen [1] / On the Reactivity of Germaethene Me2Ge=C (SiMe3)2: Mechanistic Aspects of Diels Alder and Ene Reactions [1]

1996 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 838-850 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nils Wiberg ◽  
Susanne Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Double Bond ◽  
Energy Difference ◽  
Diels Alder ◽  
Bond Polarity ◽  
Ene Reactions ◽  
Ene Reaction

Abstract Diels-Alder and ene reactions of germaethene Me2Ge=C(SiMe3)2 (2) with butadienes respectively, take place regioselectively, as well as stereoselectively. They are accelerated by an increasing tendency of substituents in butadiene or propene to donate electrons (e.g. 2-methylbutadiene > butadiene; 2-methylpropene > propene), and retarded by an increasing bulkyness of substituents in 1,4- or 1,3-positions (e.g. 1-methylbutadiene > 2-methylbutadiene; 1-vinylpropene > propene). It is concluded from these studies that Diels-Alder and ene reactions of 2 occur - like those of Me2Si=C(SiMe3)2 (1) or of ethenes >C=C< - in a concerted way and are HOMOdiene-LUMOdienophile and HOMOene-LUMOenophile controlled. Thus 2 and 1 behave as carbon analogues. With regard to a specific diene or ene (e.g. anthracene; toluene), 2 is the better dienophile or enophile than 1 or ethenes. With a fixed diene/ene mixture (e.g. butadiene/propene), 2 acts as the better dienophile, while 1 is the better enophile. These results can be explained by the π/π*- energy difference and the double bond polarity decreasing in the direction 1 > 2. Only cis-piperylene gives a [2+2] cycloadduct with 2. besides two [4+2] cycloadducts, and an ene reaction product

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