New Efficient Stimuli for Evoking Frequency-Specific Auditory Steady-State Responses

2006 ◽  
Vol 17 (06) ◽  
pp. 448-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekkehard Stürzebecher ◽  
Mario Cebulla ◽  
Claus Elberling ◽  
Thomas Berger
Keyword(s):  
Basilar Membrane ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Travelling Wave ◽  
Detection Rates ◽  
Promising Tool ◽  
Sample Test ◽  
Steady State Responses ◽  
Specific Assessment ◽  
Auditory Steady State Responses ◽  
Stimulus Design

ASSR is a promising tool for the objective frequency-specific assessment of hearing thresholds in children. The stimulus generally used for ASSR recording (single amplitude-modulated carrier) only activates a small area on the basilar membrane. Therefore, the response amplitude is low. A stimulus with a broader frequency spectrum can be composed by adding several cosines whose frequency intervals comply with the desired stimulus repetition rate. Compensation of the travelling wave delay on the basilar membrane is possible with a stimulus of this type. Through this, a better synchronization of the neural response can be obtained and, as a result, higher response amplitudes can be expected, particularly for low-frequency stimuli. The additional introduction of a frequency offset enables the use of a q-sample test for the response detection, especially important at 500 Hz. The results of investigations carried out on a large group of normally hearing test subjects have confirmed the efficiency of this stimulus design. The new stimuli lead to significantly improved ASSRs with higher SNRs and thus higher detection rates and shorter detection times.

New Clicklike Stimuli for Hearing Testing

2007 ◽  
Vol 18 (09) ◽  
pp. 725-738 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Cebulla ◽  
Ekkehard Stürzebecher ◽  
Claus Elberling ◽  
Jochen Müller
Keyword(s):  
Traveling Wave ◽  
Basilar Membrane ◽  
Hearing Screening ◽  
Detection Rates ◽  
Newborn Hearing ◽  
Sample Test ◽  
Band Limited ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Stimulus Design ◽  
Stimulus Repetition Rate

The click stimulus generally used for newborn hearing screening generates a traveling wave along the basilar membrane, which excites each of the frequency bands in the cochlea, one after another. Due to the lack in synchronization of the excitations, the summated response amplitude is low. A repetitive click-like stimulus can be set up in the frequency domain by adding a high number of cosines, the frequency intervals of which comply with the desired stimulus repetition rate. Straight-forward compensation of the cochlear traveling wave delay is possible with a stimulus of this type. As a result, better synchronization of the neural excitation can be obtained so that higher response amplitudes can be expected. The additional introduction of a frequency offset enables the use of a q-sample test for response detection. The results of investigations carried out on a large group of normal-hearing test subjects have confirmed the enhanced efficiency of this stimulus design. The new stimuli lead to significantly higher response SNRs and thus higher detection rates and shorter detection times. Using band-limited stimuli designed in the same manner, a “frequency-specific” hearing screening seems to be possible. El estímulo click, generalmente usado para el tamizaje auditivo de recién nacidos, genera una onda viajera a lo largo de la membrana basilar que estimula cada una de las bandas de frecuencia en la cóclea, una después de la otra. Debido a una falta de sincronización en la estimulación, la amplitud de la respuesta sumada es baja. Se puede establecer un estímulo repetitivo tipo clic en el dominio de frecuencia por medio de la adición de un alto número de cosenos, los intervalos de frecuencia que cumplen con la tasa deseada de repetición de estímulos. Es posible una compensación directa del retardo en la onda viajera coclear con un estímulo de este tipo. Como resultado, se puede obtener una mejor sincronización de la excitación neural, por lo que pueden esperarse amplitudes de respuesta mayores. La introducción adicional de una frecuencia que contrarreste permite el uso de una prueba de muestra “q” para detección de la respuesta. Los resultados de investigaciones realizadas en grandes grupos de sujetos con audición normal han confirmado la eficiencia aumentada de este diseño de estímulo. Los nuevos estímulos llevan a una SNR de respuesta significativamente más alto y por ende, a tasas mayores de detección y a tiempos menores de detección. Utilizando estímulos de banda limitada diseñados de la misma forma, un tamizaje auditivo frecuenciaespecífico parece posible.

scholarly journals Estimating multiple latencies in the auditory system from auditory steady-state responses on a single EEG channel

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Wang ◽  
Elisabeth Noordanus ◽  
A. John van Opstal
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Auditory System ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Objective Measure ◽  
Forward Selection ◽  
Steady State Responses ◽  
Auditory Steady State Responses ◽  
Nonlinear Components ◽  
Sequential Forward Selection

AbstractThe latency of the auditory steady-state response (ASSR) may provide valuable information regarding the integrity of the auditory system, as it could potentially reveal the presence of multiple intracerebral sources. To estimate multiple latencies from high-order ASSRs, we propose a novel two-stage procedure that consists of a nonparametric estimation method, called apparent latency from phase coherence (ALPC), followed by a heuristic sequential forward selection algorithm (SFS). Compared with existing methods, ALPC-SFS requires few prior assumptions, and is straightforward to implement for higher-order nonlinear responses to multi-cosine sound complexes with their initial phases set to zero. It systematically evaluates the nonlinear components of the ASSRs by estimating multiple latencies, automatically identifies involved ASSR components, and reports a latency consistency index. To verify the proposed method, we performed simulations for several scenarios: two nonlinear subsystems with different or overlapping outputs. We compared the results from our method with predictions from existing, parametric methods. We also recorded the EEG from ten normal-hearing adults by bilaterally presenting superimposed tones with four frequencies that evoke a unique set of ASSRs. From these ASSRs, two major latencies were found to be stable across subjects on repeated measurement days. The two latencies are dominated by low-frequency (LF) (near 40 Hz, at around 41–52 ms) and high-frequency (HF) (> 80 Hz, at around 21–27 ms) ASSR components. The frontal-central brain region showed longer latencies on LF components, but shorter latencies on HF components, when compared with temporal-lobe regions. In conclusion, the proposed nonparametric ALPC-SFS method, applied to zero-phase, multi-cosine sound complexes is more suitable for evaluating embedded nonlinear systems underlying ASSRs than existing methods. It may therefore be a promising objective measure for hearing performance and auditory cortex (dys)function.

Predicting Pure-Tone Thresholds with Dichotic Multiple Frequency Auditory Steady State Responses

2005 ◽  
Vol 16 (01) ◽  
pp. 005-017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dunay Schmulian ◽  
DeWet Swanepoel ◽  
René Hugo
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Pure Tone ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Tone Burst ◽  
Multiple Frequency ◽  
Recording Time ◽  
Steady State Responses ◽  
Pure Tones ◽  
Auditory Steady State Responses ◽  
State Responses

The accuracy of dichotic multiple frequency auditory steady state in predicting pure-tone thresholds at 0.5, 1, 2, and 4.0 kHz compared to an ABR protocol (click and tone burst at 0.5 kHz) were explored in a group of 25 hearing-impaired subjects across the degree and configuration spectrum. Mean steady state thresholds were within 14, 18, 15, and 14 dB of the pure tones at 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 kHz, compared to the tone-burst ABR at 0.5 kHz pure-tone difference of 24 dB, and a click-evoked pure-tone (2–4 kHz) difference of 9 dB. Recording time for the steady state protocol was 28 minutes (+/-11) compared to 24 minutes (+/- 9) of the ABR protocol. Degree of loss had a significant effect on steady state; configuration of hearing loss had a limited effect. Mf ASSR predicted thresholds with relative accuracy although some configurations showed discrepancies for low-frequency estimates.

scholarly journals Estimating Multiple Latencies in the Auditory System from Auditory Steady-State Responses on a Single EEG Channel

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Wang ◽  
Elisabeth Noordanus ◽  
A. John van Opstal
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Auditory System ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Objective Measure ◽  
Forward Selection ◽  
Steady State Responses ◽  
Auditory Steady State Responses ◽  
Nonlinear Components ◽  
Sequential Forward Selection

AbstractThe latency of the auditory steady-state response (ASSR) may provide valuable information regarding the integrity of the auditory system, as it could potentially reveal the presence of multiple intracerebral sources. To estimate multiple latencies from high-order ASSRs, we propose a novel two-stage procedure that consists of a nonparametric estimation method, called apparent latency from phase coherence (ALPC), followed by a heuristic sequential forward selection algorithm (SFS). Compared with existing methods, ALPC-SFS requires few prior assumptions, and is straightforward to implement for higher-order nonlinear responses to multi-cosine sound complexes with their initial phases set to zero. It systematically evaluates the nonlinear components of the ASSRs by estimating multiple latencies, automatically identifies involved ASSR components, and reports a latency consistency index (LCI). To verify the proposed method, we performed simulations for several scenarios: two nonlinear subsystems with different or overlapping outputs. We compared the results from our method with predictions from existing, parametric methods. We also recorded the EEG from ten normal-hearing adults by bilaterally presenting superimposed tones with four frequencies that evoke a unique set of ASSRs. From these ASSRs, two major latencies were found to be stable across subjects on repeated measurement days. The two latencies are dominated by low-frequency (LF) (near 40 Hz, at around 41-52 ms) and high-frequency (HF) (>80 Hz, at around 21-27 ms) ASSR components. The frontal-central (FC) brain region showed longer latencies on LF components, but shorter latencies on HF components, when compared with temporal-lobe regions. In conclusion, the proposed nonparametric ALPC-SFS method, applied to zero-phase, multi-cosine sound complexes is more suitable for evaluating embedded nonlinear systems underlying ASSRs than existing methods. It may therefore be a promising objective measure for hearing performance and auditory cortex (dys)function.

scholarly journals Steady streaming in a two-dimensional box model of a passive cochlea

2014 ◽  
Vol 753 ◽  
pp. 254-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Edom ◽  
Dominik Obrist ◽  
Leonhard Kleiser
Keyword(s):  
Basilar Membrane ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Acoustic Stimulation ◽  
Travelling Wave ◽  
Steady Streaming ◽  
Compliant Structure ◽  
Physiological Relevance ◽  
Theoretical Predictions ◽  
New Phenomena ◽  
Streaming Flow

AbstractAcoustic stimulation of the cochlea leads to a travelling wave in the cochlear fluids and on the basilar membrane (BM). It has long been suspected that this travelling wave leads to a steady streaming flow in the cochlea. Theoretical investigations suggested that the steady streaming might be of physiological relevance. Here, we present a quantitative study of the steady streaming in a computational model of a passive cochlea. The structure of the streaming flow is illustrated and the sources of streaming are closely investigated. We describe a source of streaming which has not been considered in the cochlea by previous authors. This source is also related to a steady axial displacement of the BM which leads to a local stretching of this compliant structure. We present theoretical predictions for the streaming intensity which account for these new phenomena. It is shown that these predictions compare well with our numerical results and that there may be steady streaming velocities of the order of millimetres per second. Our results indicate that steady streaming should be more relevant to low-frequency hearing because the strength of the streaming flow rapidly decreases for higher frequencies.

scholarly journals Do Room Acoustics Affect the Amplitude of Sound-Field Auditory Steady-State Responses?

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 233121652096502
Author(s):  
Valentina Zapata-Rodriguez ◽  
Søren Laugesen ◽  
Cheol-Ho Jeong ◽  
Jonas Brunskog ◽  
James Harte
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Decay Time ◽  
Sound Field ◽  
Room Acoustics ◽  
Detection Rates ◽  
Steady State Responses ◽  
Auditory Steady State Responses ◽  
Stimulus Modulation ◽  
Insert Earphones ◽  
Fitting In

The sound-field auditory steady-state response (ASSR) is a promising measure for the objective validation of hearing-aid fitting in patients who are unable to respond to behavioral testing reliably. To record the sound-field ASSR, the stimulus is reproduced through a loudspeaker placed in front of the patient. However, the reverberation and background noise of the measurement room could reduce the stimulus modulation used for eliciting the ASSR. As the ASSR level is heavily dependent on the stimulus modulation, any reduction due to room acoustics could affect the clinical viability of sound-field ASSR testing. This study investigated the effect of room acoustics on the level and detection rate of sound-field ASSR. The study also analyzed whether early decay time and an auditory-inspired relative modulation power model could be used to predict the changes in the recorded ASSR in rooms. A monaural auralization approach was used to measure sound-field ASSR via insert earphones. ASSR was measured for 15 normal-hearing adult subjects using narrow-band CE-Chirps® centered at the octave bands of 500, 1000, 2000, and 4000 Hz. These stimuli were convolved with simulated impulse responses of three rooms inspired by audiological testing rooms. The results showed a significant reduction of the ASSR level for the room conditions compared with the reference anechoic condition. Despite this reduction, the detection rates for the first harmonics of the ASSR were unaffected when sufficiently long recordings (up to 6 min) were made. Furthermore, the early decay time and relative modulation power appear to be useful predictors of the ASSR level in the measurement rooms.

Estimating the Audiogram Using Multiple Auditory Steady-State Responses

2002 ◽  
Vol 13 (04) ◽  
pp. 205-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Dimitrijevic ◽  
Sasha M. John ◽  
Patricia Van Roon ◽  
David W. Purcell ◽  
Julija Adamonis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Behavioral Threshold ◽  
Behavioral Thresholds ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing Impairment ◽  
Steady State Responses ◽  
Auditory Steady State Responses ◽  
Tonal Stimuli ◽  
Conductive Hearing ◽  
State Responses

Multiple auditory steady-state responses were evoked by eight tonal stimuli (four per ear), with each stimulus simultaneously modulated in both amplitude and frequency. The modulation frequencies varied from 80 to 95 Hz and the carrier frequencies were 500, 1000, 2000, and 4000 Hz. For air conduction, the differences between physiologic thresholds for these mixed-modulation (MM) stimuli and behavioral thresholds for pure tones in 31 adult subjects with a sensorineural hearing impairment and 14 adult subjects with normal hearing were 14 ± 11, 5 ± 9, 5 ± 9, and 9 ± 10 dB (correlation coefficients .85, .94, .95, and .95) for the 500-, 1000-, 2000-, and 4000-Hz carrier frequencies, respectively. Similar results were obtained in subjects with simulated conductive hearing losses. Responses to stimuli presented through a forehead bone conductor showed physiologic-behavioral threshold differences of 22 ± 8, 14 ± 5, 5 ± 8, and 5 ± 10 dB for the 500-, 1000-, 2000-, and 4000-Hz carrier frequencies, respectively. These responses were attenuated by white noise presented concurrently through the bone conductor.

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