scholarly journals Choroidal Neovascularization in Congenital Disorders of the Optic Nerve

2007 ◽  
pp. 303-307
Keyword(s):  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Optic Disc ◽  
Choroidal Neovascularization ◽  
Young Age ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Optic Nerve Diseases ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Optic Disc Drusen

Choroidal neovascularization is one of the most important visual losses seen in developed countries and is usually associated with age-related macular degeneration in the older age group. Choroidal neovascular membranes seen at a young age may be associated with pathologic myopia and ocular histoplasmosis; the idiopathic group also has an important place. Congenital optic nerve diseases are an important but rare disease group that makes peripapillary choroidal neovascularization in the young age group. Under these headings, besides isolated congenital optic nerve anomalies such as tilted disc, optic disc drusen, optic pit, and myelinated nerve fiber; anomalies showing serious neurological deficits such as optic disc coloboma, morning glory anomaly, optic nerve hypoplasia can also be counted. In this review, pathophysiology and treatment of the togetherness of optic nerve diseases and the neovascular membrane will be evaluated.

Parapapillary atrophy in optic neuropathies: Histology and clinical relevance

2021 ◽  
pp. 112067212110606
Author(s):  
Ana Banc ◽  
Stefania Bianchi Marzoli
Keyword(s):  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Optic Neuropathy ◽  
Optic Nerve Head ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Glaucomatous Optic Neuropathy ◽  
Age Related ◽  
High Resolution Images ◽  
Parapapillary Atrophy ◽  
Optic Nerve Disorders

Parapapillary atrophy is one of the parameters of the optic nerve head area which are assessed during the ophthalmoscopic examination particularly useful to characterize glaucomatous optic neuropathy. Optical coherence tomography evaluation provides high-resolution images of the optic nerve head and surrounding area, and can be used to study parapapillary atrophy. Different parapapillary atrophy zones were described depending on their histological features and research has been conducted to investigate the possible association between the presence and/ or size of parapapillary atrophy zones and several optic nerve disorders. In this review we discuss the histology and the clinical findings related to parapapillary atrophy in patients with glaucomatous optic neuropathy, non-glaucomatous optic neuropathies (e.g. arteritic and non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathies; suprasellar and parasellar tumors), and other ocular conditions (e.g. high myopia; age-related macular degeneration). Two different histologic classifications were identified. Parapapillary atrophy was demonstrated in glaucoma and glaucoma-like neuropathies, but not in other types of optic nerve disorders.

Guanabenz and Clonidine, α2-Adrenergic Receptor Agonists, Inhibit Choroidal Neovascularization

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miruto Tanaka ◽  
Yuki Inoue ◽  
Takahiko Imai ◽  
Norifumi Tanida ◽  
Koichi Takahashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Choroidal Neovascularization ◽  
Adrenergic Receptor ◽  
Intraperitoneal Administration ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Adrenergic Agonists ◽  
Continuous Administration ◽  
Cell Growth And Migration ◽  
Receptor Agonists ◽  
Age Related

Background: Neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD) with choroidal neovascularization (CNV) is a leading cause of blindness in elderly people. Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF)-drugs are used to treat AMD patients; however, some patients are resistant to these therapies. Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the anti-angiogenic effects of α2-adrenergic agonists, including guanabenz and clonidine. Methods: We evaluated the anti-angiogenic effects of α2-adrenergic agonists in human retinal microvascular endothelial cells (HRMECs). A proliferation assay was conducted, and the migration ratio was evaluated. In a laser-induced CNV model, guanabenz and clonidine were delivered via intraperitoneal injection or implantation of an osmotic pump device. Fourteen days following CNV induction, CNV lesion size and fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) were evaluated. Results: Guanabenz and clonidine inhibited VEGF-induced retinal endothelial cell growth and migration. In the CNV model mice, CNV lesion sizes were reduced by intraperitoneal administration of guanabenz or clonidine. Data, including body weight, systolic blood pressure, and heart rate showed that guanabenz (0.5 and 2.0 mg/kg/day) had little effect on these parameters; conversely, a high dose of clonidine (1.0 mg/kg/day) did affect these parameters. Additionally, clonidine did not affect CNV size, but continuous administration of guanabenz attenuated both CNV size and leakage from neovessels. Conclusion: Our study suggests a key role for α2-adrenergic receptors during CNV formation. Therefore, we suggest that α2-adrenergic receptor agonists may represent novel therapeutic drugs for patients with neovascular AMD.

Therapeutic effects of a novel siRNA-based anti-VEGF (siVEGF) nanoball for the treatment of choroidal neovascularization

Nanoscale ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (40) ◽  
pp. 15461-15469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Na-Kyung Ryoo ◽  
Jihwang Lee ◽  
Hyunjoo Lee ◽  
Hye Kyoung Hong ◽  
Hyejin Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
Choroidal Neovascularization ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Anti Vegf ◽  
Age Related

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of blindness in developed countries and is characterized by the development of choroidal neovascularization (CNV).

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