scholarly journals A socio-economic history of a village in Central Luzon: Thirty-six years of household survey, 1977-2013

2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-70
Author(s):  
Francis Mark Quimba ◽  
Jonna Estudillo
Keyword(s):  
Economic History ◽  
Land Reform ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Agricultural Technology ◽  
Population Pressure ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Rural Villages ◽  
Telecommunication Systems ◽  
History Of ◽  
Land Frontier

This study aims to give a detailed account of how household sources of livelihood, income, and poverty change under the pressure of four modernizing forces: (1) population pressure on closed land frontier; (2) implementation of land reform; (3) expansion of public infrastructures such as irrigation systems, roads, and schools; and (4) growing urban influences accelerated by improvements in transportation and telecommunication systems. This study was conducted in a village in Central Luzon where recurrent household surveys were done for 36 years from 1977 to 2013 encompassing the period of dramatic diffusion of modern rice technology. The major finding is that the interaction between the four modernizing forces and the diffusion of modern rice technology resulted in major economic and social changes that led to a rise in household income and prevented poverty from increasing. This study provides evidence contrary to the popular belief that the spread of modern agricultural technology and the encroachment of market activities into rural villages are harmful to the economic welfare of the rural Filipino people.

scholarly journals Forces of modernization and the welfare of rural households: a saga of a village in Central Luzon, 1977-2013

2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Francis Mark Quimba ◽  
Jonna Estudillo
Keyword(s):  
Household Income ◽  
Land Reform ◽  
Agricultural Technology ◽  
Population Pressure ◽  
Economic Welfare ◽  
Household Surveys ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Rural Villages ◽  
Telecommunication Systems ◽  
Land Frontier

This study aims to give a detailed account of how household sources of livelihood, income, and poverty change under the pressure of four modernizing forces: (1) population pressure on closed land frontier; (2) implementation of land reform; (3) expansion of public infrastructures such as irrigation systems, roads, and schools; and (4) growing urban influences accelerated by improvements in transportation and telecommunication systems. This study was conducted in a village in Central Luzon where recurrent household surveys were done for 36 years from 1977 to 2013 encompassing the period of dramatic diffusion of modern rice technology. The major finding is that the interaction between the four modernizing forces and the diffusion of modern rice technology resulted in major economic and social changes that led to a rise in household income and prevented poverty from increasing. This study provides evidence contrary to the popular belief that the spread of modern agricultural technology and the encroachment of market activities into rural villages are harmful to the economic welfare of the rural Filipino people.

MOHAMMAD GHOLI MAJD, Resistance to the Shah: Landowners and the Ulama in Iran (Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2000). Pp. 426. $49.95 cloth.

2002 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 154-156
Author(s):  
Afshin Marashi
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Land Reform ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Social Engineering ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Agrarian Sector ◽  
Look Back ◽  
History Of

If the history of the Middle East in the 20th century is a history of fundamental social changes and dislocations, then surely one important part of that story is the transformation that took place in the agrarian sector of many Middle Eastern societies. The politics of landownership and the projects of land reform in the 20th century were indeed among the most ambitious of the statist projects undertaken during what we can now look back on as the “age of modernization.” Like so many large-scale projects of social engineering, land reform in the Middle East captured the optimism and idealism of modernization while producing some of its most brutal and unforeseen consequences.

Book Reviews

2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 246-247
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Economic History ◽  
Early Modern Period ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Edo Period ◽  
Social Transformations ◽  
Early Modern Japan ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
History Of ◽  
Modern Japan

Carl Mosk of the University of Victoria reviews “Japan's Industrious Revolution: Economic and Social Transformations in the Early Modern Period”, by Akira Hayami. The Econlit abstract of this book begins: “Explores how the economic and social transformations in pre-1600 Japan led to an “industrious revolution” in the early modern period, focusing on the rise of labor-intensive agriculture. Discusses viewpoints and methods in the economic history of Japan; history before the emergence of economic society; the delayed formation process of economic society; the establishment of economic society and the Edo period; the economic and social changes in the Edo period; the rise of industriousness in early modern Japan; economic development in early modern Japan; and historical reflections on Japan's industrialization.”

Female farming and the evolution of food production patterns amongst the Beti of south-central Cameroon

Africa ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 341-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane I. Guyer
Keyword(s):  
Economic History ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Food Systems ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Population Pressure ◽  
Independent Effect ◽  
Cropping Patterns ◽  
Alternative Employment ◽  
South Central ◽  
History Of

Opening ParagraphIn his Economic History of West Africa (1973) Hopkins points out that relatively little attention has been paid to the history of food production by contrast with export crops, even though it has been clear since early research on African food systems (e.g., Johnston 1958) that patterns of production have been changing. The determinants of shifts in land use and crop rotations are complex but two major factors have been suggested: population pressure on land resources, and the relative prices of different crops. The population pressure argument tends to assume that subsistence is maintained, so that any change in the relationship of population to food land requires shifts in farming practice to allow the maintenance of the same level of living (Boserup 1965). The price argument tends to assume that the agriculture system is penetrated by the market principle, so that farmers' decisions to maintain subsistence production patterns depend on projections about the prices of the cash crops available for sale and the food items needed to purchase (Chibnik 1978). From work on African farming systems comes a modification which suggests that the management of both these constraints depends to some extent on the broader social and economic context in which decisions are made. In particular it has been suggested that the position of women farmers in both indigenous social organisation and national economies is different from men's; they work under different constraints in their farming and have different opportunities for alternative employment (Boserup 1970; Meillassoux 1975). If the sexual division of labour is an important aspect of farming, men's and women's differential access to resources might be expected to have an independent effect on cropping patterns.

Land, Family and Women in Continental Europe, 701-1200

Traditio ◽  
1962 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 89-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Herlihy
Keyword(s):  
Family Structure ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Economic History ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Household Economy ◽  
Amount Of Information ◽  
The Social ◽  
Medieval Europe ◽  
The Family ◽  
History Of

In reconstructing the social and economic history of the early Middle Ages, perhaps the single, most salient obstacle to our research is the scant amount of information we possess concerning the household economy of the lay family, how the family managed its lands and divided its labors among its members. Our sources, overwhelmingly ecclesiastical in provenience, tell us fairly much of the organization of Church properties, and, through a few surviving royal records, we have some information too about royal estates. But at all times in medieval Europe, non-royal lay families owned or controlled the larger portion of the soil. We must try to learn more about how these propertied families managed their estates, and how internal family structure may have been affected by, or in turn may have influenced broader economic and social changes.

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