scholarly journals In Vivo Quantitative Assessment of Myocardial Structure, Function, Perfusion and Viability Using Cardiac Micro-computed Tomography

10.3791/53603 ◽  
2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elza van Deel ◽  
Yanto Ridwan ◽  
Sasha Belenkov ◽  
Jeroen Essers
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Structure Function ◽  
Quantitative Assessment ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Myocardial Structure

Demineralized bone matrix-based microcarrier scaffold favors vascularized large bone regeneration in vivo in a rat model

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 182-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiannan Li ◽  
Wenjie Zhang ◽  
Guangdong Zhou ◽  
Yilin Cao ◽  
Wei Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Demineralized Bone Matrix ◽  
Bone Matrix ◽  
Matrix Group ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Demineralized Bone

Insufficient neo-vascularization of in vivo implanted cell-seeded scaffold remains a major bottleneck for clinical translation of engineered bone formation. Demineralized bone matrix is an ideal bone scaffold for bone engineering due to its structural and biochemical components similar to those of native bone. We hypothesized that the microcarrier form of demineralized bone matrix favors ingrowth of vessels and bone regeneration upon in vivo implantation. In this study, a rat model of femoral vessel pedicle-based bone engineering was employed by filling the demineralized bone matrix scaffolds inside a silicone chamber that surrounded the vessel pedicles, and to compare the efficiency of vascularized bone regeneration between microcarrier demineralized bone matrix and block demineralized bone matrix. The results showed that bone marrow stem cells better adhered to microcarrier demineralized bone matrix and produced more extracellular matrices during in vitro culture. After in vivo implantation, microcarrier demineralized bone matrix seeded with bone marrow stem cells formed relatively more bone tissue than block demineralized bone matrix counterpart at three months upon histological examination. Furthermore, micro-computed tomography three-dimensional reconstruction showed that microcarrier demineralized bone matrix group regenerate significantly better and more bone tissues than block demineralized bone matrix both qualitatively and quantitatively (p < 0.05). Moreover, micro-computed tomography reconstructed angiographic images also demonstrated significantly enhanced tissue vascularization in microcarrier demineralized bone matrix group than in block demineralized bone matrix group both qualitatively and quantitatively (p < 0.05). Anti-CD31 immunohistochemical staining of (micro-) vessels and semi-quantitative analysis also evidenced enhanced vascularization of regenerated bone in microcarrier demineralized bone matrix group than in block demineralized bone matrix group (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the microcarrier form of demineralized bone matrix is an ideal bone regenerative scaffold due to its advantages of osteoinductivity and vascular induction, two essentials for in vivo bone regeneration.

scholarly journals Intraosteal Behavior of Porous Scaffolds: The mCT Raw-Data Analysis as a Tool for Better Understanding

Symmetry ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parrilla-Almansa ◽  
González-Bermúdez ◽  
Sánchez-Sánchez ◽  
Meseguer-Olmo ◽  
Martínez-Cáceres ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Mathematical Analysis ◽  
Demineralized Bone Matrix ◽  
Bone Matrix ◽  
Hounsfield Unit ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Porous Scaffolds ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Radiological Analysis

The aim of the study is to determine the existing correlation between high-resolution 3D imaging technique obtained through Micro Computed Tomography (mCT) and histological-histomorphometric images to determine in vivo bone osteogenic behavior of bioceramic scaffolds. A Ca-Si-P scaffold ceramic doped and non-doped (control) with a natural demineralized bone matrix (DBM) were implanted in rabbit tibias for 1, 3, and 5 months. A progressive disorganization and disintegration of scaffolds and bone neoformation occurs, from the periphery to the center of the implants, without any differences between histomorphometric and radiological analysis. However, significant differences (p < 0.05) between DMB-doped and non-doped materials where only detected through mathematical analysis of mCT. In this way, average attenuation coefficient for DMB-doped decreased from 0.99 ± 0.23 Hounsfield Unit (HU) (3 months) to 0.86 ± 0.32 HU (5 months). Average values for non-doped decreased from 0.86 ± 0.25 HU (3 months) to 0.66 ± 0.33 HU. Combination of radiological analysis and mathematical mCT seems to provide an adequate in vivo analysis of bone-implanted biomaterials after surgery, obtaining similar results to the one provided by histomorphometric analysis. Mathematical analysis of Computed Tomography (CT) would allow the conducting of long-term duration in vivo studies, without the need for animal sacrifice, and the subsequent reduction in variability.

Feasibility, Safety, and Efficacy of Flow-Diverting Stent-Assisted Microsphere Embolization of Fusiform and Sidewall Aneurysms

Neurosurgery ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 126-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Nonn ◽  
Stefanie Kirschner ◽  
Giovanna Figueiredo ◽  
Martin Kramer ◽  
Omid Nikoubashman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Protection System ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Beam Hardening ◽  
Safety And Efficacy ◽  
Aneurysm Occlusion ◽  
Flow Diverting Stent ◽  
Microsphere Embolization

Abstract BACKGROUND: Treatment of wide-necked internal carotid artery aneurysms is frequently associated with incomplete occlusion and high recurrence rates. Furthermore, platinum coils cause strong beam-hardening artifacts, hampering subsequent image analyses. OBJECTIVE: To assess the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of flow-diverting, stent-assisted microsphere embolization of fusiform and sidewall aneurysms in vitro and in vivo. METHODS: Using a recirculating pulsatile in vitro flow model, 5 different aneurysm geometries (inner/outer curve, narrow/wide neck, and fusiform) were treated (each n = 1) by flow-diverting stent (FDS) implantation and subsequent embolization through a jailed microcatheter using calibrated microspheres (500–900 μm) larger than the pores of the FDS mesh. Treatment effects were analyzed angiographically and by micro computed tomography. The fluid of the in vitro model was filtered to ensure that no microspheres evaded the aneurysm. The experiment was repeated once in vivo. RESULTS: In vitro, all 5 aneurysms were safely and completely occluded by FDS-assisted microsphere embolization. Virtually complete aneurysm occlusion was confirmed by angiography and micro computed tomography. No microspheres escaped into the circulation. The experiment was successfully repeated in 1 pig with a sidewall aneurysm generated by vessel occlusion. An embolic protection system placed distally of the FDS in vitro and in vivo (each n = 1) contained no microspheres after the embolization. Thus, no microspheres were lost in the circulation, and the use of an embolic protection system seems feasible to provide additional safety. CONCLUSION: FDS-assisted microsphere embolization of fusiform and sidewall aneurysms is feasible and yields virtually complete aneurysm occlusion while avoiding coil-associated beam-hardening artifacts.

scholarly journals 0349 : Comparison of bioimpedance and X-ray micro-computed tomography (μCT) for total fat volume measurement in mice in vivo

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 139
Author(s):  
Gaëlle Aubertin-Kirch ◽  
Amira Sayeh ◽  
Christian Goetz ◽  
Jean-Philippe Dillenseger ◽  
Isabelle Chery ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Volume Measurement ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Total Fat ◽  
Fat Volume

In Vivo Peritoneal Surface Area Measurement in Rats by Micro-Computed Tomography (μCT)

2008 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 188-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elodie Breton ◽  
Philippe Choquet ◽  
Laure Bergua ◽  
Mariette Barthelmebs ◽  
Börje Haraldsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Contrast Agent ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Area Measurement ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Peritoneal Surface ◽  
Iodinated Contrast ◽  
Fill Volume

Peritoneal dialysis (PD) uses the dynamic dialysis properties of the peritoneal membrane. The fraction of the anatomic peritoneal surface area (PSA) recruited is of importance for maximizing exchanges and is potentially impacted by parameters such as fill volume. We describe an in vivo assessment of the contact surface area by micro-computed tomography (μCT) using an iodinated contrast medium added to the PD fluid, a contrast agent presumed without surfactant property. In the isotropic volume (reconstructed voxel size 186 μm x 186 μm x 186 μm), the iodinated PD fluid is automatically selected, thanks to its contrast difference with soft tissues, and its surface area is computed. The method was first tested on phantoms showing the ability to select the PD fluid volume and to measure its surface area. In vivo experiments in rat consisted of μCT acquisition of rat abdomen directly after intraperitoneal administration (10 mL/100 g rat body weight) of a dialysis fluid containing 10% by volume iodinated contrast agent. Fluorescein isothiocyanate albumin was used as dilution marker. We found a strong linear relationship ( R2 = 0.98) between recruited PSA (cm2) and rat weight (g) in the range of 235 to 435 g: recruited PSA = (1.61 weight + 40.5) cm2. Applying μCT with a fill volume of 10 mL/100 g rat body weight, the in vivo measured PSA was in the order of magnitude of the ex vivo anatomic PSA as determined by Kuzlan's formula, considered in most instances as the maximal surface area that can be recruited by PD fluid. This new methodology was the first to give an in vivo high-resolution isotropic three-dimensional (3-D) determination of the PSA in contact with dialysate. Its sensitivity allows us to take into account the recruitment of fine 3-D structures of the PSA membrane that were not accessible to previous 2-D-based imaging methodologies. Its in vivo application also integrates the physiological natural tensile stress of tissues.

Reduction of moving artifacts caused by breathing in rats for in vivo micro-computed tomography

2014 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshihiko Amemiya ◽  
Hisaya Yamada ◽  
Shoji Kawashima ◽  
Kunihiko Sawada ◽  
Kenichiro Ejima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography

In vivo micro computed tomography allows monitoring of load induced microstructural bone adaptation

Bone ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. S300 ◽  
Author(s):  
F.M. Lambers⁎ ◽  
G. Kuhn ◽  
F.A. Gerhard ◽  
R. Muller
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Bone Adaptation ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography
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