Letter: Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone Reference Ranges in the First Trimester of Pregnancy in an Iodine-Sufficient Country (Endocrinol Metab 2018;33:466-72, Carmen Castillo et al.)

Abstract Objective To describe the diverse upper reference limits of serum thyroid stimulating hormone on the same platform for pregnant women in China. Methods The trimester-specific and population-specific TSH reference intervals for pregnant women were established, and then 5 reference intervals on the same platform in China were compared with the reference intervals derived from the present study and the manufacturer. Results The most striking difference in the upper reference limits of TSH among 5 reference intervals on the same platform was shown at the first trimester of pregnancy. The calculated regional prevalence rates of subclinical thyroid diseases varied using the data derived from 30,771 pregnant women who visited the largest obstetric center in our district from 2008 to 2018. Conclusion We reported differences among 7 reference intervals of TSH on the same platform and showed the changing population factors significantly affected them.

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Assessment of Thyroid Peroxidase Antibody And Thyroid Stimulating Hormone In First Trimester Of Pregnancy

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science ◽

10.3329/bjms.v12i2.14945 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 164-171

Author(s):

Nishat Un Nahar ◽

Zeba Un Naher ◽

Md. Ashanul Habib ◽

Forhadul Hoque Mollah

Keyword(s):

Preterm Birth ◽

Post Partum ◽

Medical Science ◽

First Trimester ◽

Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽

Thyroid Peroxidase ◽

Thyroid Peroxidase Antibody ◽

First Trimester Of Pregnancy ◽

Serum Tsh ◽

Stimulating Hormone

Introduction: Maternal thyroid dysfunction during pregnancy has been associated with a number of adverse outcomes, like preterm birth, placental abruption, foetal death and impaired neurological development in the child. Simultaneously the presence of antibody to thyroid peroxidase results miscarriage, preterm birth and maternal post partum thyroid disease. Post partum thyroiditis is closely associated with the presence of antibodies to thyroid peroxidase (TPO). Indeed if a pregnant woman is positive for TPO antibodies early in pregnancy, her chances of developing post partum thyroiditis is 30-52%. Objective: To find out the level of TPO-Ab and thyroid status in first trimester of pregnancy. Method: The cross sectional study was designed in Department of Biochemistry, BSMMU, Dhaka. Following inclusion and exclusion criteria 200 sample was selected by purposive and convenient sampling. The study parameters were- thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPO-Ab); serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH); serum free thyroxin (FT4). Results: 43 (21.5%) pregnant women of first trimester was found to be TPO-Ab positive, among these 43 subjects 16 (8.0%) had raised TSH i.e. >2.5 mIU/L and 27 had TSH level <2.5 mIU/L. Low serum FT4 was in 9 (4.5%) subjects. The study revealed that, there was a significant positive correlation between positive TPO-Ab (>12 IU/mL) and serum TSH level of study subjects and there was negative correlation between serum TSH (>2.5 mIU/L) and serum FT4 in study subjects. Conclusion: TPO-Ab positivity in first trimester of pregnancy and TPOAb positivity was associated with higher TSH and low FT4 level. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol. 12 No. 02 April13 Page 164-170 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjms.v12i2.14945

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Low thyroid-stimulating hormone and its persistence beyond the first trimester of pregnancy

International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics ◽

10.1002/ijgo.12540 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 142 (3) ◽

pp. 270-276 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Merav Fraenkel ◽

Tali Shafat ◽

Avivit Cahn ◽

Offer Erez ◽

Victor Novack ◽

...

Keyword(s):

First Trimester ◽

Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽

First Trimester Of Pregnancy ◽

Stimulating Hormone

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The role of maternal prenatal thyroid function on offspring depression: Findings from the ALSPAC cohort

Development and Psychopathology ◽

10.1017/s0954579418001657 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 32 (1) ◽

pp. 189-196 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Dagnachew Muluye Fetene ◽

Kim S. Betts ◽

Rosa Alati

Keyword(s):

Thyroid Function ◽

First Trimester ◽

Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽

Thyroid Peroxidase ◽

Child Depression ◽

Depression And Anxiety ◽

Thyroid Peroxidase Antibodies ◽

First Trimester Of Pregnancy ◽

Maternal Thyroid ◽

Stimulating Hormone

AbstractMaternal thyroid dysfunction during pregnancy may contribute to offspring neurobehavioral disorders. In this paper, we investigate the relationship between maternal thyroid function during pregnancy and offspring depression and anxiety. Data were taken from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children. A total of 2,920 mother-child pairs were included. Thyroid-stimulating hormone levels, free thyroxine (FT4), and thyroid peroxidase antibodies were assessed during the first trimester of pregnancy because maternal supply is the only source of thyroid hormone for the fetus during the first 12 weeks of gestation. Child symptoms of depression and anxiety were assessed using the Development and Well-Being Assessment at ages 7.5 and 15 years. The odds of presenting with depression and anxiety were estimated using the generalized estimating equation. The level of FT4 during the first trimester of pregnancy was associated with child depression combined at ages 7.5 and 15 (odds ratio = 1.21, 95% confidence interval [1.00, 1.14]. An increase of 1 standard deviation of FT4 during pregnancy increased the odds of child depression by 28% after adjustment made for potential confounders. No association was found among maternal levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone, FT4, and thyroid peroxidase antibodies and childhood anxiety. In conclusion, increased levels of FT4 during the first trimester of pregnancy appear be linked to greater risk of offspring depression.

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Effect of thyroid peroxidase antibodies on thyroid-stimulating hormone reference limits in a primarily Latina population

Obstetric Medicine ◽

10.1258/om.2009.090039 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 2 (4) ◽

pp. 154-156

Author(s):

Richard H Lee ◽

Carole A Spencer ◽

Martin N Montoro ◽

Paola Aghajanian ◽

T Murphy Goodwin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

First Trimester ◽

Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽

Thyroid Peroxidase ◽

Reference Ranges ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Reference Limit ◽

Thyroid Peroxidase Antibodies ◽

Reference Limits ◽

Stimulating Hormone

The aim of the paper is to determine the prevalence of thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPOAb) and assess its effect on the thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) reference range during pregnancy in a primarily Latina population. Serum samples were collected from healthy pregnant women and non-pregnant controls. TSH reference ranges were calculated when TPOAb-positive patients were either included or excluded. A total of 134 pregnant women and 107 non-pregnant controls were recruited. Positive TPOAb titres were found in 23 (17.2%) of the 134 pregnant women, and in 14 (13.1%) of the 107 non-pregnant controls. When the TPOAb-positive women were included in the TSH analysis, the upper reference limit using two different methods was consistently higher: 0–2.2 fold in the non-pregnant women, 2.01–2.78 fold in the first trimester, 3.18–4.7 fold in the second and 1.05–1.42 fold in the third. The lower TSH reference limit was not affected by the inclusion of TPOAb-positive subjects. In conclusion, inclusion of TPOAb-positive patients results in higher upper reference limits during pregnancy.

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