Third Wave Collective Manifestos

Making Waves ◽

10.3828/liverpool/9781789620429.003.0015 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 215-228

Author(s):

Michèle A. Schaal

Keyword(s):

Presidential Election ◽

Third Wave ◽

Younger Generation ◽

New Millennium ◽

French Feminism

37 years after Les Femmes s’entêtent, the Féministesen movement published Maisqu’est-cequ’ellesveulent encore?, thus reprising and expanding the secondary title of the original anthology. The 2012 manifesto—published shortly before the presidential election—charted contemporary discriminations in France and proposed a series of measures to be implemented by the next government, illustrating how, since the 1990s, a third wave of French feminism has emerged. In particular, the new millennium produced a plethora of individual and collective (anti)feminist manifestos by a younger generation of women, ranging from Isabelle Alonso’s Pourquoi je suischienne de garde (2001) to FEMEN (2013), the Ukrainian organization now in Paris. Considering the themes from Les Femmes s’entêtent, this chapter focuses on a series of collective feminist manifestos in order to ask: what are the contemporary “encirclements”? What solutions do third wavers offer to break those circles? What are their “désirs-délires”?

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Bucking The Trend

Teen Spirit ◽

10.7591/cornell/9781501749827.003.0010 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 167-190

Author(s):

Paul Howe

Keyword(s):

Young Adults ◽

Generation Y ◽

Coming Of Age ◽

Adult Population ◽

Wrong Direction ◽

Younger Generation ◽

Adolescent Society ◽

Over Time ◽

New Millennium

This chapter describes how the evolution of the adolescent society is not a simple one-way street where adolescent qualities become ever more prevalent and influential in the adult population over time. More than a decade into the new millennium there are important counter-trends, evident for some time now, that cry out for some acknowledgment and explanation. These developments are embodied in the attitudes and values of today's younger generation, a group that has been given various labels, most commonly “generation Y” or the “millennials.” A number of observers have suggested there is something quite different about today's young adults and teenagers. These new cohorts are bucking trends — undesirable trends for the most part — that had been moving steadily in the wrong direction for a great many years. The chapter contends that the “millennials” are those coming of age after the adolescent society was in full flight — roughly, those born from the late 1960s onward, the decade when adolescent norms and traits became fully manifest. In other words, millennial qualities have emerged gradually rather than abruptly, and paradoxically from within the very citadel of the adolescent society.

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“Daughterlands”: Personal and Political Mappings in Scottish Women’s Poetry

Contemporary Women s Writing ◽

10.1093/cww/vpaa024 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Glenda Norquay

Keyword(s):

Multiple Roles ◽

Women's Poetry ◽

Political Thinking ◽

Carol Ann Duffy ◽

Younger Generation ◽

New Millennium

Abstract Scottish women’s poetry in recent years has evinced an interest in mapping daughterhood, frequently through linguistic negatives that challenge binary thinking. This essay argues that such “daughterlands” offer an imaginative alternative to the more familiar “motherland”: encompassing past, present, and future and positioning women in multiple roles, they have played a transformative role in the poetic imagining of “Scotland” in the new millennium. The essay considers the deployment of daughterly spaces by influential writers such as Carol Ann Duffy, Liz Lochhead, Jackie Kay, and Kathleen Jamie and then traces more recent instantiations by a younger generation of poets such as Claire Askew, Theresa Muñoz, and Em Strang. In conclusion, it demonstrates the experiential and metaphoric potential of daughterhood for shaping broad political thinking in an explicitly public poem by Kay.

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Research Design and Quantitative Analysis

10.1093/oso/9780190879754.003.0002 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Cynthia McClintock

Keyword(s):

Latin American ◽

Voter Turnout ◽

Presidential Election ◽

Third Wave ◽

Independent Variables ◽

The Third ◽

Dependent Variables ◽

Election Rule ◽

Latin American Countries ◽

Freedom House

The chapter describes the dataset: the independent variables (presidential-election rule—runoff versus plurality—as well as years of runoff and years of plurality) and the dependent variables: levels of democracy, as measured in the Freedom House and Varieties of Democracy (V-Dem) indices as well as voter turnout. The chapter discusses the countries in the dataset (all Latin American countries except Bolivia) and the years in the dataset (1990–2016, with the exception of a few countries in which the beginning of the third wave was subsequent to 1990). The chapter graphs trends in Freedom House scores, V-Dem scores, and voter turnout between 1990 and 2016. It reports the regression analysis; runoff was positively related to Freedom House and V-Dem scores at the .05 level. Years of plurality was significant to Freedom House scores at the .01 level and to V-Dem almost at the .01 level.

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