scholarly journals THE INTERNATIONAL STRENGTHENING OF IPR AND AIR POLLUTION ABATEMENT: THE ROLE OF THE TRIPS AGREEMENT

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 316-338
Author(s):  
Giuseppe DI VITA
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Pollution Abatement ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Quantitative Measure ◽  
Trips Agreement ◽  
Dummy Variable ◽  
Pollution Emissions ◽  
Air Pollution Abatement ◽  
The Impact

This paper comes in the wake of the literature considering technological progress as the main device to offset air pollution caused by economic activity. The issue has been extensively studied in general, but there is no previous research on the effects that an international strengthening of legal protection of Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) due to the Uruguay Round Agreement and the Annex on Trade-Related aspects of the IPR (TRIPs, for short), underwritten in 1994, may have had on worldwide emissions, as a result of the discovery of new or more efficient air pollution abatement technologies. Different econometric models are used to give a quantitative measure of the TRIPs agreement to reduce air pollution. In particular, the impact of the TRIPs is addressed using a dummy variable and the index of Ginarte and Park (Ginarte, Park 1997) that is one of the more commonly used indicators of TRIPs enforcement employed in economic literature. The findings of this research partially support the idea that the strengthening of a uniform minimum standard protection level of IPR, among the member countries of the World Trade Organization, may help to reduce air pollution emissions.

scholarly journals What Determines Environmental Performance at Paper Mills? The Roles of Abatement Spending, Regulation, and Efficiency

2003 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald J Shadbegian ◽  
Wayne B Gray
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Environmental Performance ◽  
Capital Stock ◽  
Pollution Abatement ◽  
Productive Efficiency ◽  
Paper Mills ◽  
Reduce Emissions ◽  
Pollution Emissions ◽  
Air Pollution Abatement ◽  
Abatement Capital

Abstract This paper examines the determinants of environmental performance at paper mills, measured by air pollution emissions per unit of output. We consider differences across plants in air pollution abatement expenditures, local regulatory stringency, and productive efficiency. Emissions are significantly lower in plants with a larger air pollution abatement capital stock: a 10 percent increase in abatement capital stock appears to reduce emissions by 6.9 percent. This translates into a sizable social return: one dollar of abatement capital stock is estimated to provide an annual social return of about 75 cents in pollution reduction benefits. Local regulatory stringency and productive efficiency also matter: plants in non-attainment counties have 43 percent lower emissions and plants with 10 percent higher productivity have 2.5 percent lower emissions. For pollution abatement operating costs we find (puzzlingly) positive, but always insignificant, coefficients.

Quantification and mapping of the impact of the recent air pollution abatement on limestone and window glass in Paris

2016 ◽  
Vol 75 (20) ◽  
Author(s):  
R.-A. Lefèvre ◽  
A. Ionescu ◽  
J. Desplat ◽  
R. Kounkou-Arnaud ◽  
O. Perrussel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Window Glass ◽  
Pollution Abatement ◽  
Air Pollution Abatement ◽  
The Impact

Metropolitan air pollution abatement and industrial growth: Global urban panel analysis of PM10, PM2.5, NO2 and SO2

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Benjamin Leffel ◽  
Nikki Tavasoli ◽  
Brantley Liddle ◽  
Kent Henderson ◽  
Sabrina Kiernan
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Pollution Abatement ◽  
Panel Analysis ◽  
Industrial Growth ◽  
Air Pollution Abatement

scholarly journals The Role of Urbanization Rate in the Relationship between Air Pollution and Health Expenditures: A Dynamic Panel Data Approach

2015 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 68-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Fattahi
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Generalized Method Of Moments ◽  
Health Expenditures ◽  
Dynamic Panel Data ◽  
Dynamic Panel ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Urbanization Rate ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

One of the available challenges in areas of health economics is identification of the effective factors on health expenditures. Air pollution plays important role in the public and private health expenditure but most studies have ignored the role of this category in explanation of health expenditures. On the other hand, the impact of air pollution on health expenditures is influenced by several factors. This study intends to investigate the effect of air pollution on public and private health expenditures and to identify the urbanization rate factor affecting the relationship between air pollution and public and private health expenditures. Scope of the present study is developing countries over period of 1995-2011. We used a dynamic panel and Generalized Method of Moments method. The empirical results indicate that air pollution has positive and significant effect on public and private health expenditures. Also, the results imply that urbanization rate affecting the relationship between air pollution and health expenditures that urbanization rate plays a reinforcing role.

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