Experimental Investigation of Heavy Metal Accumulation in Tissues of Stone Loach Noemacheilus barbatulus (L.) and Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum) Exposed to a Model Mixture (Cu, Zn, Ni, Cr, Pb, Cd)

2010 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raimondas Leopoldas Idzelis ◽  
Vytautas Kesminas ◽  
Gintaras Svecevičius ◽  
Albertas Venslovas
2010 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raimondas Leopoldas Idzelis ◽  
Vytautas Kesminas ◽  
Gintaras Svecevičius ◽  
Albertas Venslovas

During experiment, fish were exposed to a heavy metal model mixture (Cu, Zn, Ni, Cr, Pb, Cd) for 14 days. Heavy metal concentrations corresponded to Maximum Permitted Concentrations (MPC) in surface waters. The amount of heavy metals in fish tissues was determined using atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS). Though both investigated fish species accumulated heavy metals with similar general intensity, the stone loach did it in the sequence gills > liver > muscle, and the rainbow trout ‐ conversely: muscle > liver > gills. Ni concentration in the stone loach muscle made 0.607 mg/kg and Pb concentration was 0.21 mg/kg, whereas Cd concentration in the rainbow trout muscle reached 0.45 mg/kg and exceeded the MPC indicated in the Lithuanian hygiene standard. These results coincide with the data of the heavy metal research into fish species from natural water bodies. Pb and Cd concentrations in fish tissues are the highest and frequently exceed the MPC. These findings urge for the constant control of the amount of heavy metals in fish. Santrauka Bandomosios žuvys 14 paru buvo veikiamos modeliniu sunkiuju metalu mišiniu (Cu, Zn, Ni, Cr, Pb, Cd). Metalu koncentracijos atitiko ju didžiausias leidžiamas koncentracijas (DLK) paviršiniuose vandenyse. Sunkiuju metalu kiekis audiniuose buvo nustatomas atomines absorbcijos spektrofotometriniu (AAS) būdu. Nors abieju tirtu rūšiu žuvu audiniuose sunkieji metalai kaupesi vienodu intensyvumu, šlyžio audiniuose jie kaupesi tokiu eiliškumu: žiaunos > kepenys > raumenys, o vaivorykštinio upetakio ‐ atvirkščiai: raumenys > kepenys > žiaunos. Šlyžio raumenyse Ni koncentracija buvo 0,607 mg/kg, o Pb ‐ 0,21 mg/kg ,vaivorykštinio upetakio raumenyse Cd koncentracija sieke 0,45 mg/kg ir viršijo Lietuvos higienos normoje nurodytaja DLK. Šie rezultatai sutampa su sunkiuju metalu nuolatines stebesenos kontroliuojamu rūšiu žuvyse iš natūraliu vandens telkiniu tyrimu duomenimis. Žuvu audiniuose Pb ir Cd koncentracijos yra didžiausios ir dažnai viršija DLK. Tokie rezultatai ipareigoja nuolat kontroliuoti sunkiuju metalu kieki žuvyse. Резюме Подопытные рыбы в течение 14 суток подвергались воздействию смеси тяжёлых металлов (Cu, Zn, Ni, Cr, Pb, Cd) в предельно допустимых концентрациях (ПДК), предусмотренных для внутренних водоёмов. Количество тяжелых металлов в тканях рыб устанавливали при помощи атомной абсорбции спектрофотометрическим методом. Несмотря на то, что оба вида рыб накапливали металлы с одинаковой общей интенсивностью, голец их накапливал в следующей последовательности: жабры > печень> мышцы, а радужная форель – наоборот: мышцы > печень> жабры. В мышцах гольца концентрация Ni составила 0,607 мг/кг, Pb – 0,21 мг/кг, а в тканях форели концентрация Cd составила 0,45 мг/кг и превышала ПДК. Экспериментальные данные совпадают с данными, полученными в мониторинговых водоемах. Установлено также, что концентрация Pb и Cd в тканях зачастую прeвышаeт ПДК. Полученные результаты обязывают постоянно контролировать уровень тяжелых металлов в тканях рыб.


2006 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 412-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria A Kjoss ◽  
Chris M Wood ◽  
D Gordon McDonald

The effects of different ligands on the bioavailability of dietary copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) to fish have not been thoroughly investigated. We therefore exposed juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss; ~200 mg body weight) to control food or to food supplemented with different Cu (~400 µg·g–1 food) or Zn (~1000 µg·g–1 food) compounds. Tissue metal accumulation was compared among groups. Fish fed CuO showed no differences in tissue Cu concentrations relative to control fish, suggesting that Cu was not readily available for uptake in this form. In contrast, Cu in the form of CuSO4, Cu-proteinate, or Cu-lysine was much more available for uptake, resulting in substantial increases in liver, gut tissue, and whole-body Cu concentrations during the loading phase and decreases during depuration, although liver and whole-body levels remained elevated after 2 weeks. We found no differences in tissue Cu accumulation among these three complexes. There were no effects on growth. For Zn, we found no differences among any of the treatments, including controls, in Zn accumulation or growth. Overall, there was homeostasis of whole-body and tissue-specific Zn concentrations despite the large differences in dietary Zn loads.


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