A promising novel formulation for articular cartilage regeneration: Preclinical evaluation of a treatment that produces SOX9 overexpression in human synovial fluid cells

Category: Ankle Arthritis; Ankle; Arthroscopy Introduction/Purpose: The effect of supramalleolar osteotomy (SMO) without an additional bone marrow-stimulating procedure (BMSP) on articular cartilage regeneration in ankle joint still remains unknown. This study aimed to investigate whether SMO yielded favorable clinical and radiologic outcomes, and to evaluate whether the regeneration of articular cartilage could be observed after SMO without BMSP by second-look arthroscopy. Methods: 43 ankles after SMO (mean follow-up: 35.5 months) were retrospectively reviewed. Visual analog scale (VAS) pain score, American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle-hindfoot score, patient satisfaction were used for functional evaluations. The tibial anterior surface angle (TAS) and tibial lateral surface angle (TLS) were measured on radiographs, and ankle osteoarthritis was classified by Takakura stage. Among the 43 patients, 31 underwent ankle arthroscopy prior to SMO, and second-look arthroscopy was performed at 1-year postoperatively. Tibiotalar cartilage regeneration was evaluated according to the modified Outerbridge classification for the 29 patients who had undergone SMO without BMSP. Results: The mean VAS score and AOFAS score significantly improved from 6.4 preoperatively to 1.4 postoperatively and from 61.1 preoperatively to 88.4 postoperatively, respectively (P < 0.05). Regarding overall postoperative patient satisfaction, 18 (41.8%) patients reported their satisfaction as excellent, 23 (53.5%) as satisfied. The mean TAS and TLS significantly improved from 83.8° and 94.8° preoperatively to 78.4° and 82.2° postoperatively, respectively (P < 0.05). 23 out of 28 preoperative Takakura stage IIIa cases and 3 out of 7 IIIb cases improved to postoperative stage II. On second-look arthroscopy, cartilage regeneration of the medial compartment of the tibiotalar joint was observed in 26 of 29 patients (89.7%), whereas cartilage deterioration was not observed in any patient. Conclusion: Medial tibio-talar articular cartilage regeneration was observed in most cases (89.7%) of medial compartment ankle osteoarthritis after SMO without BMSP, which was confirmed with second-look arthroscopic evaluation. It also showed satisfactory clinical and radiologic outcomes with high patient satisfaction.

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Biological reconstruction of the joint: Concepts of articular cartilage regeneration and their scientific basis

Journal of Clinical Orthopaedics and Trauma ◽

10.1016/j.jcot.2021.101718 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 101718

Author(s):

Abhishek Vaish ◽

Saseendar Shanmugasundaram ◽

Seon Ae Kim ◽

Dong-Hwan Lee ◽

Asode Ananthram Shetty ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Articular Cartilage ◽

Cartilage Regeneration ◽

Scientific Basis ◽

Biological Reconstruction ◽

Articular Cartilage Regeneration

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Canine articular cartilage regeneration using mesenchymal stem cells seeded on platelet rich fibrin

Bone and Joint Research ◽

10.1302/2046-3758.62.bjr-2016-0188.r1 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 98-107 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

D. Kazemi ◽

K. Shams Asenjan ◽

N. Dehdilani ◽

H. Parsa

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽

Articular Cartilage ◽

Cartilage Regeneration ◽

Platelet Rich Fibrin ◽

Articular Cartilage Regeneration

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Xenogenic Implantation of Equine Synovial Fluid-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Leads to Articular Cartilage Regeneration

Stem Cells International ◽

10.1155/2018/1073705 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Mohammed Zayed ◽

Steven Newby ◽

Nabil Misk ◽

Robert Donnell ◽

Madhu Dhar

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽

Stem Cell ◽

Articular Cartilage ◽

Synovial Fluid ◽

Cartilage Repair ◽

Cartilage Regeneration ◽

Large Animal

Horses are widely used as large animal preclinical models for cartilage repair studies, and hence, there is an interest in using equine synovial fluid-derived mesenchymal stem cells (SFMSCs) in research and clinical applications. Since, we have previously reported that similar to bone marrow-derived MSCs (BMMSCs), SFMSCs may also exhibit donor-to-donor variations in their stem cell properties; the current study was carried out as a proof-of-concept study, to compare the in vivo potential of equine BMMSCs and SFMSCs in articular cartilage repair. MSCs from these two sources were isolated from the same equine donor. In vitro analyses confirmed a significant increase in COMP expression in SFMSCs at day 14. The cells were then encapsulated in neutral agarose scaffold constructs and were implanted into two mm diameter full-thickness articular cartilage defect in trochlear grooves of the rat femur. MSCs were fluorescently labeled, and one week after treatment, the knee joints were evaluated for the presence of MSCs to the injured site and at 12 weeks were evaluated macroscopically, histologically, and then by immunofluorescence for healing of the defect. The macroscopic and histological evaluations showed better healing of the articular cartilage in the MSCs’ treated knee than in the control. Interestingly, SFMSC-treated knees showed a significantly higher Col II expression, suggesting the presence of hyaline cartilage in the healed defect. Data suggests that equine SFMSCs may be a viable option for treating osteochondral defects; however, their stem cell properties require prior testing before application.

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